Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 20,769
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Antioxidant

Lethariella Cladonioides Extract

Lethariella Cladonioides Extract

3.8

A gentle lichen-derived antioxidant that may help calm skin and fight free radical damage, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Leucas Cephalotes Leaf Extract

LEUCAS CEPHALOTES LEAF EXTRACT

3.5

A gentle, antioxidant-rich botanical extract that may help calm skin, but scientific research on its cosmetic benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical
Read ingredient review

Humectant

Leucine

LEUCINE

4.0

Leucine is a gentle amino acid that supports skin hydration and barrier health, making it a safe addition to most routines.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarehumectant
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Antioxidant

Leucosidea Sericea Leaf Extract

Leucosidea Sericea Leaf Extract

3.8

A gentle plant extract with antioxidant potential, but research is still early and benefits are not yet proven in human skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Humectant

Levan

Levan

4.0

Levan is a gentle, biotech-derived humectant that helps hydrate and soothe skin while forming a lightweight protective film.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectantfilm-former
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Humectant

Levan Sugar Complex

LEVAN/FRUCTOSE/GLUCOSE/SUCROSE

4.0

A gentle sugar-based blend that hydrates and helps form a protective layer on skin, suitable for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarehumectant
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Antioxidant

Levistolide A

Levistolide A

3.5

A plant-derived compound with early research suggesting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits, but not yet widely studied in cosmetic formulations.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Exfoliant

Levulinic Acid

Levulinic Acid

4.0

A mild, plant-derived exfoliant that gently smooths skin without the sting of stronger acids.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareexfoliant
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Fragrance

Liatris Leaf Extract

Liatris Odoratissima Leaf Extract

3.5

A fragrant botanical extract with mild skin-conditioning potential, but limited research on its cosmetic benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Fragrance

Liatris Odoratissima Leaf Oil

Liatris Odoratissima Leaf Oil

3.8

A fragrant leaf oil that adds a sweet, vanilla-like scent to products, but has limited research on skin benefits and may cause irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
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Antioxidant

Licorice Callus Extract

Glycyrrhiza Glabra Callus Culture Extract

4.0

A lab-grown licorice extract that helps calm irritation and defend against environmental stress without the variability of field-grown plants.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidantsoothing
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Antioxidant

Licorice Meristem Cell Culture

Glycyrrhiza Glabra Meristem Cell Culture

4.0

A gentle, lab-grown licorice extract that may help calm skin and fight free radical damage, though human studies are limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Licorice Meristem Cell Extract

Glycyrrhiza Glabra Meristem Cell Culture Extract

4.0

A gentle, lab-grown licorice extract that may help calm redness and protect skin from environmental stress.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Soothing Agent

Licorice Root Extract

PERIANDRA DULCIS ROOT EXTRACT

4.0

A gentle, plant-based extract that helps calm redness and provides antioxidant protection, ideal for sensitive or reactive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Licorice Root Ferment Extract

Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root/Sucrose Ferment Extract Filtrate

4.3

A gentle, fermented licorice root extract that helps calm redness and even skin tone without harsh chemicals.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing agent

Licorice Root Juice

Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Juice

4.3

Licorice root juice is a gentle, natural ingredient that helps calm redness and even out skin tone without harsh side effects.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing agent

Licorice Root Oil

Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Oil

4.0

Licorice root oil is a gentle, antioxidant-rich oil that helps calm irritation and even out skin tone without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Antioxidant

Licorice Root Prenylflavonoids

Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Root Prenylflavonoids

4.3

A gentle, plant-derived antioxidant that helps calm redness and even out skin tone without irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Soothing Agent

Licorice Root Water

Glycyrrhiza Glabra Root Water

4.0

A gentle, plant-based water that helps calm redness and provides antioxidant protection without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Licorice Sprout Extract

Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Sprout Extract

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich extract from licorice sprouts that helps calm redness and protect skin from environmental stress.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Exfoliant

Ligninase

Ligninase

3.8

Ligninase is a gentle enzyme exfoliant that helps brighten skin by breaking down dead surface cells, but research on its cosmetic benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareexfoliant
Read ingredient review

Emollient

Lignoceryl Erucate

LIGNOCERYL ERUCATE

4.0

A gentle wax ester that softens skin and reinforces the moisture barrier without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Exfoliant

Lignum Powder

LIGNUM POWDER

3.5

Lignum powder is a natural wood-based exfoliant that gently sloughs dead skin, but its particle size and source can affect how abrasive it feels.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincareexfoliant
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Antioxidant

Ligularia Leaf Extract

Ligularia fischeri Leaf Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant potential, but research is limited and benefits are not yet well-established in cosmetic science.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Soothing agent

Ligusticum Acutilobum Branch Extract

LIGUSTICUM ACUTILOBUM BRANCH EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant and soothing potential, though research is limited compared to more studied plant extracts.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Ligusticum Striatum Root Extract

LIGUSTICUM STRIATUM ROOT EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle plant extract with antioxidant and soothing potential, though research is still emerging and benefits may vary by formulation.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Lilac Flower Extract

Syringa Vulgaris Flower Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract that may offer antioxidant benefits and a pleasant floral scent, but research on its skincare effects is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Fragrance

Lilac Flower Water

Syringa Vulgaris Flower Water

3.5

A gentle, lightly fragrant floral water that adds a pleasant scent and mild soothing feel to skincare, but has limited proven benefits beyond hydration.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Lilac Leaf Cell Culture Extract

Soil Minerals/Syringa Vulgaris Leaf Cell Culture Extract

4.0

A gentle, lab-grown plant extract that may help shield skin from environmental stress and support a more even tone.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Lilac Leaf Cell Extract

Syringa Vulgaris Leaf Cell Extract

3.8

A gentle, plant-based antioxidant that may help protect skin from environmental stress, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Lilac Meristem Cell Culture

Syringa Vulgaris Meristem Cell Culture

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived antioxidant that may help protect skin from environmental stress, though human studies are limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Lilium Polyphyllum Flower Extract

LILIUM POLYPHYLLUM FLOWER EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle, antioxidant-rich flower extract from the Himalayas that may help soothe and protect skin, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Lily Bulb Extract

Lilium Brownii Bulb/Seed Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract that may help calm skin and fight free radicals, but research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Lily Bulbil Extract

Lilium Bulbiferum Flower/Leaf/Stem Juice

3.8

A gentle, plant-derived ingredient that may help calm irritation and provide light hydration, but research on its specific benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Lily Flower Extract

Lilium Parvum Flower Extract

3.8

A mild botanical extract that may help calm skin and provide antioxidant protection, but research is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical
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Emollient

Lily Flower Oil

LILIUM SPECIOSUM FLOWER OIL

3.8

A gentle, fragrant flower oil that adds a light emollient feel and a subtle floral scent, but research on its specific skin benefits is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
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Antioxidant

Lily Hybrid Extract

Lilium Hybrid Extract

3.8

Lily Hybrid Extract is a gentle botanical ingredient that may help soothe skin and provide antioxidant protection, but research is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Lily of the Valley Callus Extract

CONVALLARIA MAJALIS CALLUS CULTURE EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle, lab-grown plant extract that may help protect skin from environmental stress, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Fragrance

Lily of the Valley Extract

CONVALLARIA MAJALIS EXTRACT

3.5

A fragrant flower extract with mild antioxidant potential, but its main role in skincare is scent—and it can be irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Soothing agent

Lily of the Valley Root Extract

CONVALLARIA MAJALIS BULB/ROOT EXTRACT

3.5

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant potential, but limited human studies and a known skin sensitization risk in some individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Lima Bean Seed Extract

Phaseolus Lunatus Seed Extract

3.8

A gentle, antioxidant-rich plant extract that may help calm skin and fight free radical damage, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Lime & Elderflower Extract

Citrus Aurantifolia Flower/Sambucus Nigra Flower Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract blend that may help calm skin and fight free radicals, but research is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Soothing agent

Lime Flower & Cleavers Extract

CITRUS AURANTIFOLIA FLOWER/GALIUM APARINE EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle botanical blend that may help calm skin and provide antioxidant support, though research is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Fragrance

Lime Flower Extract

Citrus Aurantifolia Flower Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract that adds a light citrus scent and a touch of antioxidant support, but research on its direct skin benefits is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Fragrance Component

Lime Fruit Extract

CITRUS AURANTIFOLIA FRUIT EXTRACT

3.8

Lime fruit extract adds a fresh citrus scent and mild antioxidant benefits, but its potential for skin irritation means it's best for those without sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Fragrance

Lime Fruit Oil

Citrus Aurantifolia Fruit Oil

3.8

Lime oil adds a fresh citrus scent and some antioxidant activity, but it can be irritating for sensitive skin and may increase sun sensitivity.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
Read ingredient review

Astringent

Lime Fruit Water

Citrus Aurantifolia Fruit Water

3.8

Lime fruit water offers a light, refreshing feel and mild astringent action, but its natural acidity and phototoxic potential require careful formulation.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincareastringent
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Antioxidant

Lime Leaf Extract

Citrus Aurantifolia Leaf Extract

3.8

Lime leaf extract offers antioxidant benefits and a light astringent effect, but may cause irritation in sensitive skin due to natural citrus compounds.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Fragrance

Lime Peel Oil

Citrus Aurantifolia Peel Oil Expressed

3.5

Lime peel oil adds a bright citrus scent to products but can be irritating for sensitive skin and increases sun sensitivity.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
Read ingredient review

Exfoliant

Lime Peel Powder

Citrus Aurantifolia Peel Powder

3.5

Lime peel powder offers gentle physical exfoliation and a bright scent, but its citrus oils can cause irritation or photosensitivity in some people.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincareexfoliant
Read ingredient review

Fragrance

Lime Peel Water

Citrus Aurantifolia Peel Water

3.8

Lime Peel Water adds a fresh citrus scent and mild astringency to products, but its fragrance can be irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
Read ingredient review

Emollient

Lime Seed Oil

Citrus Aurantifolia Seed Oil

3.8

A gentle, antioxidant-rich oil that hydrates and soothes skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

Lime Seed Unsaponifiables

Citrus Aurantifolia Seed Oil Unsaponifiables

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived emollient that helps strengthen the skin barrier and offers antioxidant protection without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareemollient
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Antioxidant

Limnophila Chinensis Leaf Extract

LIMNOPHILA CHINENSIS LEAF EXTRACT

3.5

A gentle herbal extract with antioxidant potential, but research is still emerging and benefits are not yet well-established in human skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Fragrance

Limonene

LIMONENE

3.5

Limonene adds a fresh citrus scent but can be a skin sensitizer, especially when oxidized.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
Read ingredient review