Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 11 of 11
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Propellant

Argon

ARGON

1.5

Argon is a safe, inert gas used mainly as a propellant or packaging filler, but it does not actively benefit the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Propellant

Butane

Butane

3.8

Butane is a safe and widely used propellant that helps deliver products like sprays and foams, but it offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Propellant

Carbon Dioxide

Carbon Dioxide

3.5

Carbon dioxide is a safe, widely used propellant in aerosol cosmetics, but it offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Propellant

Dimethyl Ether

DIMETHYL ETHER

3.5

Dimethyl ether is a common aerosol propellant that helps dispense products like dry shampoos and setting sprays, but it offers no direct skin benefit and may cause mild irritation if inhaled excessively.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Propellant

Ethane

ETHANE

2.5

Ethane is a safe, colorless gas used to propel product out of aerosol cans, but it offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Propellant

Hydrofluorocarbon 227ea

HYDROFLUOROCARBON 227EA

3.5

A synthetic propellant that helps spray products work smoothly, but it has a high global warming potential and is being phased out in some regions.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Propellant

Isobutane

ISOBUTANE

3.5

Isobutane is a safe and effective propellant used in aerosol products, but it offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Propellant

Nitrogen

NITROGEN

3.5

Nitrogen is a safe, inert gas that helps dispense and preserve cosmetic products without affecting skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Propellant

Nitrous Oxide

NITROUS OXIDE

3.5

Nitrous oxide is a safe, non-irritating propellant that helps create light, airy textures in foaming products, but it offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Propellant

Pentafluoropropane

Pentafluoropropane

3.5

Pentafluoropropane is a safe, non-irritating propellant that helps dispense skincare products from aerosol cans without affecting your skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Propellant

Propane

Propane

3.5

Propane is a common aerosol propellant that helps dispense products like dry shampoos and setting sprays, but it offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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