Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 14 of 14
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Depilatory Agent

Butyl Thioglycolate

Butyl Thioglycolate

2.5

A potent chemical that breaks down hair proteins, but carries a high risk of skin and eye irritation — best left to professional use.

Irritation

high

Source

synthetic

beautyhaircaredepilatory
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Depilatory Agent

Calcium Sulfide

CALCIUM SULFIDE

2.5

Calcium sulfide is an effective hair remover but can be harsh and irritating, especially for sensitive skin.

Irritation

high

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaredepilatory
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Depilatory Agent

Calcium Thioglycolate

CALCIUM THIOGLYCOLATE

3.5

Calcium Thioglycolate is a proven hair-removal ingredient, but it can irritate sensitive skin and has a strong odor.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaredepilatory
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Depilatory Agent

Calcium Thioglycolate Hydroxide

CALCIUM THIOGLYCOLATE HYDROXIDE

3.5

A potent depilatory chemical that dissolves hair but can irritate sensitive skin if left on too long.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyhair removaldepilatory
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Depilatory Agent

Ethyl Cysteinate HCl

ETHYL CYSTEINATE HCL

3.5

Ethyl Cysteinate HCl is an effective hair-softening ingredient in depilatory and straightening products, but it can be irritating and should be used with caution.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyhair caredepilatory
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Depilatory Agent

Ethyl Thioglycolate

Ethyl Thioglycolate

2.5

Ethyl Thioglycolate is an effective hair-removal chemical but can be irritating and has a strong odor, so it requires careful formulation and use.

Irritation

high

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaredepilatory
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Reducing Agent

Mercaptopropionic Acid

Mercaptopropionic Acid

2.5

Mercaptopropionic acid is a potent chemical used in professional hair treatments and depilatories, but it carries a high risk of skin and eye irritation and is not recommended for regular at-home use.

Irritation

high

Source

synthetic

beautyhaircaredepilatory
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Depilatory agent

Methyl Thioglycolate

METHYL THIOGLYCOLATE

2.0

Methyl thioglycolate is a potent chemical that breaks down hair protein, but it can cause skin irritation and burns if misused.

Irritation

high

Source

synthetic

beautyhaircaredepilatory
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Depilatory agent

Phenylthioglycolic Acid

Phenylthioglycolic Acid

3.5

Phenylthioglycolic acid is a synthetic depilatory ingredient that breaks down hair keratin, but it can be irritating and is not intended for leave-on skincare.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaredepilatory
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Depilatory Agent

Potassium Sulfide

POTASSIUM SULFIDE

2.0

Potassium sulfide is an effective depilatory but can be highly irritating to skin and eyes; use with caution and follow product instructions exactly.

Irritation

high

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaredepilatory
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Depilatory Agent

Sodium Thioglycolate

Sodium Thioglycolate

3.0

Effective for hair removal but can be irritating and has a strong odor; use with caution and follow instructions closely.

Irritation

high

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaredepilatory
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Depilatory Agent

Strontium Thioglycolate

STRONTIUM THIOGLYCOLATE

3.5

Strontium thioglycolate is a common active in depilatory creams that dissolves hair, but it can be irritating and has a strong odor.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaredepilatory
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Reducing Agent

Thiodiglycolic Acid

Thiodiglycolic Acid

3.5

Thiodiglycolic acid is a strong reducing agent used in professional hair treatments to alter curl or remove hair, but it can be irritating and is not for daily skincare.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyhair caredepilatory
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