Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 69
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Absorbent

Acacia Catechu Seed Powder

Acacia Catechu Seed Powder

3.5

A gentle, natural absorbent powder from tree seeds that can help mattify skin and add texture to products, but research on its skincare benefits is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Activated Clay

Kaolin, Bentonite, or Illite (varies by product)

4.0

Activated clay is a gentle, natural absorbent that helps draw out excess oil and surface debris without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Agave Leaf Powder

Agave Americana Leaf Powder

3.8

Agave leaf powder is a gentle, plant-based exfoliant and absorbent that can help mattify skin and lightly polish away dead cells without harshness.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbentexfoliant
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Absorbent

Anthracite Extract

Anthracite Extract

3.0

Anthracite extract is a mineral-based ingredient that may help draw out impurities, but its use in skincare is niche and lacks robust safety data.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Argilla

Argilla

4.0

Argilla is a natural clay that helps absorb excess oil and impurities from the skin, making it a popular choice for oily and acne-prone skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Argilla Extract

Argilla Extract

3.8

A gentle clay extract that helps absorb excess oil and impurities without over-drying, making it a solid choice for oily or combination skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Arrowroot Extract

Maranta Arundinacea Root Extract

4.0

Arrowroot extract is a gentle, natural starch that helps absorb excess oil and soothe skin, making it a popular alternative to talc in powders and deodorants.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Arrowroot Powder

Maranta Arundinacea Root Powder

4.0

A gentle, plant-based powder that soaks up shine and adds a smooth feel without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Attapulgite

ATTAPULGITE

3.8

Attapulgite is a gentle clay that soaks up excess oil and impurities without stripping the skin, making it a solid choice for oily or combination skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Azuki Bean Starch

Phaseolus Angularis Seed Starch

4.0

A gentle, natural starch that soaks up excess oil and gives a silky feel, ideal for oily or combination skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Exfoliant

Barley Powder

Hordeum Vulgare Powder

3.8

Barley powder is a gentle, natural exfoliant that helps remove dead skin cells and absorb excess oil without harshness.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareexfoliantabsorbent
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Absorbent

Bentonite

Bentonite

4.0

Bentonite clay is a gentle, natural absorbent that helps draw out oil and dirt from the skin without harsh stripping.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Buckwheat Flour

POLYGONUM FAGOPYRUM FLOUR

3.8

Buckwheat flour is a gentle, natural powder that absorbs excess oil and provides light physical exfoliation, but it may not suit those with buckwheat allergies.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Carbon

CARBON

3.5

Carbon is a safe, non-irritating ingredient used mainly for its absorbent and coloring properties in skincare.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Clay Minerals

Kaolin, Illite, Montmorillonite, Bentonite

4.0

Clay minerals are gentle, natural absorbents that help draw out excess oil and impurities without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Corn Seed Flour

ZEA MAYS SEED FLOUR

3.8

A gentle, natural absorbent powder that helps control oil and provide a silky texture, but offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Elguea Clay

Elguea Clay

3.8

Elguea Clay is a gentle, mineral-rich clay that helps absorb excess oil and impurities without over-drying, making it a good option for normal to combination skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Fuller's Earth

Fuller's Earth

4.0

A classic clay that soaks up excess oil and impurities, ideal for oily and acne-prone skin when used in masks.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Halloysite

HALLOYSITE

3.8

A gentle clay that absorbs excess oil without stripping the skin, ideal for sensitive or combination skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Heilmoor Clay

Heilmoor Clay

4.0

Heilmoor Clay is a gentle, mineral-rich clay that helps absorb excess oil and impurities without over-drying, making it a good option for normal to oily skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Hokkaido Akan Clay

Hokkaido Akan Clay

4.0

A gentle, mineral-rich clay that helps absorb excess oil and impurities without over-drying, making it a good option for normal to oily skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Hydrolyzed Spelt Starch

HYDROLYZED TRITICUM SPELTA STARCH

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived starch that soaks up excess oil and gives a silky, matte finish without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Illite

ILLITE

4.0

Illite is a gentle clay that helps absorb excess oil and impurities without over-drying, making it a popular choice for combination to oily skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Illite Extract

Illite Extract

3.8

Illite extract is a gentle clay that helps absorb excess oil and impurities without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Kaolin

Kaolin

4.2

Kaolin is a mild clay that soaks up surface oil and dirt, making it a go-to for oily or combination skin without over-drying.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Kaolin Clay

Kaolin

4.2

Kaolin is a mild, oil-absorbing clay that helps clarify skin without over-drying, making it a go-to for normal to oily skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Lava Extract

Lava Extract

3.5

Lava extract is a mineral-rich ingredient that may help absorb excess oil and provide trace minerals, but research on its skincare benefits is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
Read ingredient review

Absorbent

Lava Powder

Lava Powder

3.8

Lava powder is a natural mineral powder that helps absorb excess oil and gently exfoliate skin, but it can be abrasive for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincareexfoliantabsorbent
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Exfoliant

Limonia Acidissima Wood Powder

Limonia Acidissima Wood Powder

3.5

A gentle, natural wood powder that helps slough off dead skin and absorb excess oil, but lacks strong clinical research.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareexfoliantabsorbent
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Absorbent

Loess

LOESS

3.8

Loess is a gentle, natural silt that can absorb excess oil and provide a smooth texture, but it lacks strong scientific backing for skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Loess Extract

Loess Extract

3.8

Loess extract is a gentle, mineral-rich sediment that can help absorb excess oil and soothe skin, but research on its cosmetic benefits is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Manicouagan Clay

Manicouagan Clay

4.0

A mineral-rich clay from a unique geological site, Manicouagan Clay helps absorb excess oil and impurities without over-drying, making it a gentle option for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Millet Seed Flour

PANICUM MILIACEUM SEED FLOUR

3.8

A gentle, natural absorbent powder from millet seeds that helps control oil and add a silky texture without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Montmorillonite

MONTMORILLONITE

4.0

Montmorillonite is a gentle clay that helps draw out oil and impurities without stripping the skin, making it a solid choice for oily or combination skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Moroccan Lava Clay

Moroccan Lava Clay

4.0

A gentle, mineral-rich clay that helps draw out impurities and control shine without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Exfoliant

Mudstone Powder

Mudstone Powder

3.8

Mudstone powder is a natural, gentle physical exfoliant that helps remove dead skin and absorb excess oil without harsh chemicals.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareexfoliantabsorbent
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Absorbent

Mung Bean Seed Powder

Phaseolus Radiatus Seed Powder

4.0

A gentle, natural powder that helps absorb excess oil and provides mild physical exfoliation without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Mung Bean Starch

Phaseolus Radiatus Seed Starch

4.0

A gentle, plant-based starch that helps absorb excess oil and improve product texture without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Pakau White Clay

Kaolin (and) Montmorillonite

4.0

Pakau White Clay is a mild, absorbent clay ideal for oily or combination skin, offering gentle purification without harshness.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Palau White Clay

Palau White Clay

4.0

Palau White Clay is a gentle, mineral-rich clay that helps absorb excess oil and impurities without stripping the skin, making it a good option for sensitive or dry skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Palau White Clay Extract

Palau White Clay Extract

3.8

A gentle clay extract that helps absorb excess oil and impurities without stripping the skin, but research on its unique benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
Read ingredient review

Absorbent

Peanut Flour

ARACHIS HYPOGAEA FLOUR

3.5

Peanut flour can gently absorb oil and exfoliate, but it may clog pores and is not suitable for those with peanut allergies.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Perlite

Perlite

3.8

Perlite is a natural volcanic mineral that helps absorb excess oil and gently exfoliate without being harsh on the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Plant Ash

Plant Ash

3.5

Plant ash is a natural absorbent and texture agent, but its high alkalinity and variable composition require careful formulation to avoid skin irritation.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Plum Wood Ash

Prunus Domestica Wood Ash

3.5

A natural absorbent and gentle exfoliant from burned plum wood, best for oily or combination skin in rinse-off products.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Poria Cocos Powder

PORIA COCOS POWDER

3.8

Poria Cocos Powder is a gentle, natural ingredient that can help absorb excess oil and soothe the skin, but its benefits are backed mostly by traditional use and limited modern research.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

PVP Montmorillonite

PVP Montmorillonite

3.8

A gentle oil-absorbing clay-polymer hybrid that helps mattify skin without stripping it.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Pyrophyllite

PYROPHYLLITE

3.5

Pyrophyllite is a gentle clay that helps absorb excess oil and improve product texture, but its skincare benefits are not well-studied.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Rice Powder

Oryza Sativa Powder

4.0

Rice powder is a gentle, natural absorbent that helps control oil and gives a silky feel, but it offers minimal active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
Read ingredient review

Absorbent

Rye Seed Flour

Secale Cereale Seed Flour

3.8

A gentle, natural absorbent powder that helps control oil and add texture without common irritants found in some clay or synthetic powders.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Sea Clay Extract

Sea Clay Extract

3.8

A gentle, mineral-rich clay extract that helps absorb excess oil and impurities without over-drying, suitable for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Sepiolite

Sepiolite

4.0

A gentle, natural clay that helps control oil and improve product texture without drying out the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Exfoliant

Silt

SILT

3.8

Silt is a gentle, mineral-rich sediment that helps exfoliate and absorb excess oil, but its benefits are largely anecdotal and depend on the source.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareexfoliantabsorbent
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Absorbent

Sodium Silicoaluminate

SODIUM SILICOALUMINATE

3.5

A safe, functional mineral powder that helps keep makeup products dry and smooth, but offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareabsorbent
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