Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 270
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Hair colorant

5-Amino-4-Chloro-o-Cresol

5-AMINO-4-CHLORO-O-CRESOL

3.0

A synthetic hair dye ingredient that helps create certain shades but may cause skin irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyhair colorcolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

5-Amino-6-Chloro-o-Cresol

5-AMINO-6-CHLORO-O-CRESOL

3.0

A synthetic hair dye colorant that is generally safe when used as directed, but may cause irritation for sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyhair colorcolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Black 1

CI 28440

3.0

A safe, widely used synthetic dye in rinse-off cosmetics, but offers no skincare benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Blue 1

CI 61585

3.5

A synthetic blue dye that adds color to cosmetics but offers no skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Blue 3

CI 42051

3.0

A synthetic blue dye that adds color to products but offers no skincare benefits; generally considered safe in low concentrations.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Blue 62

CI 62045

3.0

CI 62045 is a safe, widely used blue dye in cosmetics, but offers no skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Blue 74

CI 73015

3.5

A safe, widely used synthetic blue dye that adds color but offers no skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Blue 74 Aluminum Lake

Acid Blue 74 Aluminum Lake

3.5

A widely used blue pigment that adds color to makeup and bath products; generally safe but offers no skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Blue 9

CI 73000

3.5

A widely used synthetic blue dye that adds color to products but offers no skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Blue 9 Aluminum Lake

Acid Blue 9 Aluminum Lake

3.5

A widely approved synthetic blue pigment that adds color to cosmetics but offers no skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Green 25

CI 42170

3.5

A widely used synthetic dye that adds blue-green color to cosmetics; generally considered safe at low concentrations but offers no skincare benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Green 50

Acid Green 50

3.0

A common synthetic green dye that adds color to products but offers no skincare benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Orange 7

CI 15510

3.0

A widely used synthetic orange dye that is generally safe in low concentrations but may cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Red 14

CI 14720

3.0

A widely used synthetic red dye that adds color to cosmetics but offers no skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Red 14 Aluminum Lake

Acid Red 14 Aluminum Lake

3.5

A safe, widely used synthetic red pigment that adds color to cosmetics but offers no skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Red 18

CI 24790

3.0

A widely used synthetic red dye that is generally safe in cosmetics at low levels, but may cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Red 18 Aluminum Lake

Acid Red 18 Aluminum Lake

3.5

A widely used synthetic pigment that adds vibrant red shades to makeup, generally considered safe at low concentrations but best avoided on broken skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Red 184

ACID RED 184

3.0

A synthetic red dye that adds color to makeup and personal care products, generally considered safe at low concentrations but may cause irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Red 195

Acid Red 195

3.0

A synthetic red dye that adds color to cosmetics but offers no skincare benefits; generally safe at low levels but may cause sensitivity in some individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Red 27

CI 18736

3.0

CI 18736 is a common synthetic red dye that adds color to cosmetics but has limited skincare benefits and may cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Red 27 Aluminum Lake

ACID RED 27 ALUMINUM LAKE

3.5

A widely used synthetic red pigment that adds vibrant color to makeup but offers no skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Red 33

CI 45220

3.5

A widely used synthetic red dye that adds vibrant color to makeup, but may cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Red 52

CI 45100

3.5

A widely used synthetic red dye that adds color to cosmetics but offers no skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Red 88

CI 15620

3.0

A synthetic red dye approved for use in cosmetics, but some individuals may experience sensitivity.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Red 92

Acid Red 92

3.5

A widely used synthetic dye that adds vibrant red color to cosmetics, but may cause irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Violet 43

CI 69800

3.5

CI 69800 is a safe, widely used synthetic violet dye that adds color to cosmetics but offers no skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Yellow 1

CI 10316

3.5

A synthetic yellow dye that is generally safe in rinse-off cosmetics but offers no skincare benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Yellow 23 Aluminum Lake

CI 19140 (Yellow 5 Lake)

3.5

A widely used synthetic yellow pigment that adds color to cosmetics but may cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Yellow 3

CI 47005

3.5

A widely used synthetic yellow dye that is generally safe in cosmetics but may cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Yellow 36

CI 14270

2.5

CI 14270 is a synthetic yellow dye that adds color to products but may cause irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Acid Yellow 9

CI 13015

3.5

A safe, widely used synthetic yellow dye that adds color to cosmetics but offers no skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Aluminum Benzoate

Aluminum Benzoate

2.5

Aluminum Benzoate is a synthetic colorant and opacifier with limited skincare benefits and potential concerns about aluminum absorption.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Opacifying Agent

Aluminum Calcium Manganese Oxide

Aluminum Calcium Manganese Oxide

3.5

A safe, non-irritating mineral pigment that adds opacity and subtle color to makeup, but offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Aluminum Hydroxide

CI 77002

4.0

A safe, mineral-based colorant that adds opacity and a matte finish to makeup, with a strong safety record.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Amethyst Powder

AMETHYST POWDER

2.5

Amethyst powder adds sparkle and a luxury feel to products, but has no proven skincare benefits beyond aesthetics.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Annatto

CI 75120

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived colorant that adds warm tones to makeup and skincare without common irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Annatto Pulp Extract

BIXA ORELLANA PULP EXTRACT

4.0

Annatto pulp extract is a gentle, natural colorant with antioxidant benefits, ideal for sensitive skin looking for a subtle tint without synthetic dyes.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Azurite

AZURITE

2.0

Azurite is a blue mineral used as a colorant in cosmetics, but it lacks proven skincare benefits and may pose safety concerns due to its copper content.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Azurite Extract

Azurite Extract

3.0

Azurite extract is a mineral pigment used mainly for its blue color in cosmetics, but its skincare benefits are not well-studied.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Opacifying Agent

Barium Sulfate

CI 77120

3.5

A safe, non-irritating mineral pigment that adds opacity and texture to color cosmetics, but offers no skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Basic Blue 124

Basic Blue 124

3.0

Basic Blue 124 is a synthetic blue dye that adds color to products but offers no skincare benefits; it is generally considered safe in low concentrations for most people.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Basic Blue 75

Basic Blue 75

2.5

Basic Blue 75 is a synthetic blue dye used for color in hair products, but it may cause irritation for sensitive scalps.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Basic Blue 99

Basic Blue 99

2.5

Basic Blue 99 is a synthetic dye that adds blue color to cosmetics, but it may cause skin irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Basic Brown 16

BASIC BROWN 16

3.0

Basic Brown 16 is a synthetic colorant that can provide a rich brown hue, but it may cause skin irritation in sensitive individuals and is primarily used in rinse-off products.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Basic Orange 31

Basic Orange 31

2.5

Basic Orange 31 is a synthetic hair dye colorant that can provide vibrant orange tones but may cause skin irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Basic Red 1

Basic Red 1

2.5

Basic Red 1 is a vivid synthetic dye used in some cosmetics, but it has a history of safety concerns and is restricted in several regions due to potential irritation and contamination risks.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Basic Red 51

Basic Red 51

3.5

A synthetic red dye that adds color but may cause irritation for sensitive scalps in hair dyes.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Basic Red 76

Basic Red 76

3.0

Basic Red 76 is a synthetic colorant that can add vibrant red tones to cosmetics, but it may cause irritation for sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Basic Violet 11

Basic Violet 11

3.5

A synthetic violet dye that adds color to cosmetics but may cause irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Basic Violet 2

Basic Violet 2

3.5

Basic Violet 2 is a synthetic dye that adds color to cosmetics, but it may cause skin irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Basic Yellow 40

Basic Yellow 40

2.5

Basic Yellow 40 is a synthetic yellow dye used mainly in hair color and rinse-off products, but it may cause skin irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review

Colorant

Basic Yellow 57

Basic Yellow 57

3.0

Basic Yellow 57 is a synthetic yellow dye used mainly in rinse-off products; it is generally safe at low levels but may cause irritation for sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecolorant
Read ingredient review