Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

A brown algae extract that may help calm skin and fight free radicals, but human studies are limited.

A gentle brown seaweed powder that may help calm skin and fight environmental stress, though research is still emerging.

Cytidine is a gentle, naturally derived ingredient that may help support skin repair and resilience, but research in cosmetics is still early.

Cytochrome C is a naturally occurring protein that may help protect skin from oxidative stress and support cellular energy, but research in topical cosmetics is still emerging.

Cytosine is a DNA building block with emerging research in skincare, but its benefits are not yet well-established for topical use.

D-Allo-Ocimenol is a synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a pleasant scent but may cause irritation in sensitive individuals.

D-Bornyl Isovalerate is a synthetic ester that provides a mild cooling and soothing sensation, often used to calm irritated skin.

A synthetic peptide that may help reduce the appearance of fine lines and improve skin firmness, with a good safety profile for most skin types.

D-Pulegone is a potent fragrance compound with antimicrobial properties, but it carries a high risk of skin irritation and is restricted in many regions due to safety concerns.

A safe, widely used synthetic colorant that adds orange tones to makeup, but offers no skincare benefits.

CI 11725 is a synthetic orange pigment approved for use in cosmetics, but it may cause sensitivity in some individuals.

A widely used synthetic orange dye that is generally safe in the tiny amounts found in cosmetics, but offers no skincare benefits.

A synthetic red dye approved for use in cosmetics, but with some restrictions due to potential impurities.

A widely used synthetic red pigment that is generally safe in cosmetics but offers no skincare benefits beyond color.

A widely used synthetic yellow dye that adds vibrant color to cosmetics, but some people may experience skin sensitivity.

A marine-derived antioxidant extract with soothing potential, but research is still early and benefits are not yet proven in large human studies.

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant potential, but research on its specific skin benefits is very limited.

A fermented mushroom-hyaluronate blend that may boost hydration and soothe skin, but human studies are limited.

A mushroom-derived ferment with early research suggesting antioxidant and soothing benefits, but human studies are limited.

A mushroom-derived ferment that may help calm and protect skin, but research is still early and benefits are not yet proven in human studies.

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant potential, but research on its skincare benefits is still limited.

A gentle, lightly fragrant botanical water that adds a subtle floral note and mild soothing feel to skincare, but lacks strong clinical evidence for specific skin benefits.

A gentle botanical extract from daffodil roots that may help calm skin and fight free radicals, but research is still early.

Dahlia Flower Extract is a gentle antioxidant-rich botanical that may help protect skin from environmental stress, but research is still limited.

Daidzein is a gentle plant antioxidant that may help protect skin from environmental stress and support a more even complexion, but research is still emerging.

A gentle botanical duo that may help calm redness and provide antioxidant protection, but research is limited to lab studies.

A mild, antioxidant-rich botanical that helps calm skin and protect against environmental stress, but it's not a powerhouse ingredient on its own.

A gentle plant extract with antioxidant potential, but research on its skincare benefits is still limited.

A gentle plant extract with antioxidant potential, but research on its specific skin benefits is still limited.

A gentle, plant-based oil that hydrates and helps protect the skin barrier without feeling greasy.

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant potential, but research is limited—handle with realistic expectations.

A gentle plant extract with antioxidant potential, but research is limited—think of it as a supportive, not star, ingredient.

A gentle plant extract that may help protect skin from environmental stress, but research is still early.

A gentle plant extract with antioxidant potential, but research is limited and benefits are not well-established.

A gentle plant extract with antioxidant potential, but research is still early and benefits are not yet proven in humans.

Damson Plum Juice is a gentle, fruit-derived humectant that adds light hydration and a touch of natural antioxidant activity to skincare formulas.

A gentle, lab-grown dandelion extract that may help calm skin and fight oxidative stress, though human studies are limited.

Dandelion Extract is a gentle, antioxidant-rich ingredient that helps soothe skin and protect against environmental stress.

A gentle, plant-based juice that may help calm irritated skin and provide antioxidant protection, though research is still emerging.

A gentle, antioxidant-rich root extract that may help calm skin and fight free radicals, but research on its cosmetic benefits is still early.

Dandelion root powder is a gentle botanical ingredient that may help calm skin and provide antioxidant benefits, but research in cosmetics is still limited.

A gentle, plant-derived resin that may help calm skin and create a light protective layer, but research is still limited.

A gentle, antioxidant-rich botanical extract that helps protect skin from environmental stress and may support a more even skin tone.

A traditional botanical extract with potential soothing and antioxidant benefits, but limited modern research and a known irritation risk for sensitive skin.

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant potential, but research on its specific skincare benefits is still limited.

A gentle plant extract with antioxidant potential, but research is still early and benefits are not yet proven in human studies.

Daphnetin is a plant-derived antioxidant that may help calm skin and fight free radicals, but research in cosmetics is still early.

A gentle plant extract with antioxidant potential, but research is still early and benefits are not yet proven in human skin.

Darutoside is a gentle, plant-based ingredient with early evidence for calming skin and fighting oxidative stress, but more research is needed to confirm its benefits.

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant potential, but research is still early and benefits are not yet proven in human skin.

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant potential, but research on its specific skin benefits is still limited.

A gentle, fermented date fruit extract that may help soothe and protect the skin, though research is still emerging.

A gentle, probiotic-derived ingredient that may help hydrate and support the skin barrier, though research is still emerging.

A gentle, sugar-rich fruit juice that helps hydrate and protect the skin with natural antioxidants, but offers limited benefits compared to more concentrated actives.

A gentle, natural exfoliant that also provides antioxidant benefits, but may feel gritty in some formulas.

A gentle, plant-derived antioxidant that may help protect skin from environmental stress, but research is still early.

DATEM is a functional emulsifier that helps stabilize cosmetic formulas, but it offers no direct skin benefit and is rarely a primary ingredient.

Datura leaf extract is a traditional botanical with potential soothing properties, but its safety profile is poor due to toxic alkaloids, making it unsuitable for routine skincare.

A gentle, lab-grown plant extract that may help calm skin and fight environmental stress, though human studies are limited.

A gentle, plant-derived extract that may help calm irritation and protect skin from environmental stress, though research is still emerging.