Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 20,769
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Emulsifier

Linseed Oil Polyglyceryl-4 Esters

Linseed Oil Polyglyceryl-4 Esters

4.3

A gentle, plant-based emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in creams and lotions while leaving skin feeling soft.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Exfoliant

Lipase

Lipase

3.8

Lipase is a gentle enzyme exfoliant that breaks down sebum and dead skin cells, making it ideal for oily or congested skin without harsh scrubbing.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareexfoliant
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Fragrance

Lippia Alba Oil

LIPPIA ALBA LEAF/STEM OIL

3.5

A fragrant botanical oil with some antioxidant potential, but limited research on skincare benefits and a moderate risk of skin irritation.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
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Antioxidant

Lippia Oil

Lippia origanoides leaf/flower/stem oil

3.8

Lippia origanoides oil offers antioxidant and antimicrobial benefits, but its strong fragrance and potential for irritation mean it's best used in low concentrations and not for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidantantimicrobial
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Antioxidant

Liquiritigenin

Liquiritigenin

4.0

A gentle licorice-derived antioxidant that helps calm redness and even out skin tone without irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Soothing agent

Liquiritin Apioside

Liquiritin Apioside

4.0

A gentle licorice-derived antioxidant that helps calm skin and even out tone without irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Soothing Agent

Liriope Muscari Extract

Liriope Muscari Extract

3.8

A gentle plant extract that may help calm irritation and support skin hydration, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing agent

Liriope Root Extract

Liriope Muscari Root Extract

4.0

Liriope root extract is a gentle, antioxidant-rich botanical that may help calm skin and support hydration, though human research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Liriosma Ovata Wood Extract

Liriosma Ovata Wood Extract

3.5

A gentle Amazonian wood extract with antioxidant potential, but research is limited and benefits are not well-established.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Lisianthus Extract

EUSTOMA GRANDIFLORUM EXTRACT

3.5

A gentle, antioxidant-rich flower extract that may help calm skin and fight free radicals, but research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Skin conditioning agent

Lithium Carbonate

LITHIUM CARBONATE

3.5

Lithium carbonate is an emerging skincare mineral that may help calm irritation and support skin barrier function, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaremineral
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Humectant

Lithium Chloride

Lithium Chloride

2.0

Lithium chloride is a synthetic salt with humectant properties, but it is rarely used in mainstream skincare due to potential irritation and limited research on cosmetic benefits.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
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Soothing Agent

Lithium Gluconate

Lithium Gluconate

3.8

Lithium Gluconate is a gentle, emerging ingredient that may help calm irritation and support the skin barrier, but research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Cell-communicating agent

Lithium Guanine Nucleotide

LITHIUM GUANOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE

2.5

A synthetic nucleotide with theoretical cell-energy benefits, but lacks robust human studies and may cause irritation at higher concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareactive
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pH Adjuster

Lithium Hydroxide

Lithium Hydroxide

2.5

Lithium hydroxide is a strong alkali used to adjust pH in some hair relaxers and soaps, but it can be irritating at high concentrations.

Irritation

high

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepH adjuster
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Viscosity Controlling

Lithium Myristate

Lithium Myristate

3.0

Lithium Myristate is a synthetic thickener that helps give lipsticks and balms a smooth, stable texture, but it has no direct skin benefit and is rarely used in water-based skincare.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaretexturizer
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Viscosity Controlling

Lithium Stearate

Lithium Stearate

3.5

Lithium Stearate is a safe, synthetic thickener that helps give cosmetics a smooth, stable texture, but it offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareviscosity controlling
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Antioxidant

Lithospermum Root Extract

LITHOSPERMUM ROOT EXTRACT SERUM ALBUMIN SUCCINATE

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant potential, but research is limited and it's often paired with other active ingredients.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Fragrance

Litsea Cubeba Fruit Oil

Litsea Cubeba Fruit Oil

3.8

Litsea cubeba fruit oil adds a fresh citrus scent and may help with mild antimicrobial benefits, but it can be irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance component

Litsea Cubeba Leaf Extract

Litsea Cubeba Leaf Extract

3.8

A fragrant botanical extract with antioxidant and antimicrobial potential, but its strong essential oil content may irritate sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Litsea Glutinosa Bark Extract

Litsea Glutinosa Bark Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant potential, but research on its skincare benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Litsea Glutinosa Leaf Extract

Litsea Glutinosa Leaf Extract

3.8

A gentle plant extract with antioxidant and soothing potential, though research is still early and benefits are not yet proven in human skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Litsea Japonica Extract

LITSEA JAPONICA BRANCH/LEAF EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle plant extract with antioxidant potential, but research on its specific benefits in skincare is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Litsea Polyantha Leaf Extract

Litsea Polyantha Leaf Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant potential, but research on its specific benefits for skin is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Soothing Agent

Loeselia Mexicana Leaf Extract

LOESELIA MEXICANA LEAF EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with traditional use for soothing skin, though modern research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Absorbent

Loess

LOESS

3.8

Loess is a gentle, natural silt that can absorb excess oil and provide a smooth texture, but it lacks strong scientific backing for skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Absorbent

Loess Extract

Loess Extract

3.8

Loess extract is a gentle, mineral-rich sediment that can help absorb excess oil and soothe skin, but research on its cosmetic benefits is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
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Colorant

Logwood Extract

HAEMATOXYLUM CAMPECHIANUM WOOD EXTRACT

3.8

Logwood extract is a natural pigment and antioxidant, but its skincare benefits are less studied than its coloring ability.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarecolorant
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Emollient

London Rocket Seed Oil

Sisymbrium Irio Seed Oil

4.0

A gentle, plant-based oil that hydrates and softens skin without feeling greasy, though research on its specific benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareemollient
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Antioxidant

Longan Fruit Extract

Nephelium Longana Fruit Extract

3.8

Longan fruit extract is a gentle antioxidant that may help protect skin from environmental stress, but research on its topical benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Longan Seed Extract

Nephelium Longana Seed Extract

4.0

A gentle plant-based antioxidant that helps protect skin from environmental stress, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Fragrance

Longifolene

LONGIFOLENE

3.5

Longifolene is a natural pine-derived fragrance compound with some emerging research on anti-inflammatory benefits, but its primary role in skincare is scent.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
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Exfoliant

Loofah Extract

Luffa Operculata Extract

3.8

A gentle plant-based exfoliant that helps smooth skin without harsh scrubbing, but research on its benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareexfoliant
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Antioxidant

Lophophytum Elongatum Extract

Lophophytum Elongatum Extract

3.5

A gentle, plant-derived antioxidant with limited research, best used as a supporting ingredient in soothing formulations.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Loquat Fruit & Leaf Extract

Eriobotrya Japonica Fruit/Leaf Extract

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich plant extract that helps protect skin from environmental stress and may calm irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Soothing agent

Loquat Leaf Powder

Eriobotrya japonica leaf powder

3.8

A gentle botanical powder that may help calm skin and provide antioxidant benefits, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical
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Antioxidant

Loquat Leaf Protoplasts

ERIOBOTRYA JAPONICA LEAF PROTOPLASTS

3.8

A gentle, lab-grown plant cell ingredient that may help calm and protect skin, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Exfoliant

Loquat Seed Powder

ERIOBOTRYA JAPONICA SEED POWDER

3.8

A gentle, natural exfoliating powder from loquat seeds, best for physical scrubs and masks, but research on its skincare benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareexfoliant
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Antioxidant

Lotus & Lizardtail Leaf Extract

Nelumbo Nucifera Leaf / Saururus Chinensis Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical blend that may help calm skin and fight oxidative stress, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Lotus & Multi-Sprout Extract

NELUMBO NUCIFERA GERM/(BRASSICA NAPUS/RHYNCHOSIA NULUBILIS/HORDEUM VULGARE/PERILLA OCYMOIDES/POLYGONUM FAGOPYRUM/TRITICUM VULGARE) SPROUT EXTRACT

4.0

A nutrient-rich botanical blend that may help protect skin from environmental stress and support a healthy glow, though human studies are limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Lotus & Orostachys Extract

Nelumbo Nucifera Leaf Extract / Orostachys Japonica Extract

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich botanical blend that may help calm skin and protect against environmental stress.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Lotus Callus Extract

Nelumbo Nucifera Callus Culture Extract

4.0

A gentle, plant-based antioxidant from lotus stem cells that may help calm and protect skin, though human studies are limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Lotus Ferment Extract

Saccharomyces/Nelumbo Nucifera Ferment Extract Filtrate

4.0

A gentle fermented lotus extract that may help calm skin and defend against environmental stress, though human studies are limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Lotus Flower Extract

Nelumbo Nucifera Flower Extract

4.0

Lotus flower extract is a gentle, antioxidant-rich botanical that helps soothe and hydrate skin without irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Emollient

Lotus Flower Oil

NELUMBIUM SPECIOSUM FLOWER OIL

4.0

A gentle, naturally fragrant oil that hydrates and soothes skin, but scientific evidence for its unique benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareemollient
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Antioxidant

Lotus Flower Powder

Nelumbo Nucifera Flower Powder

3.8

A gentle botanical powder that can help calm skin and provide mild antioxidant protection, but its benefits are modest compared to more concentrated extracts.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical
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Soothing Agent

Lotus Flower Water

Nelumbo Nucifera Flower Water

4.0

Lotus flower water is a mild, hydrating botanical water that soothes skin and adds a subtle floral scent, but its benefits beyond basic moisture are not strongly backed by research.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothinghumectant
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Emollient

Lotus Flower Wax

Nelumbo Nucifera Flower Wax

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived wax that adds a smooth, non-greasy feel to lip and skin products, with low irritation potential.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareemollient
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Humectant

Lotus Flower, Leaf & Stem Juice

Nelumbo Nucifera Flower/Leaf/Stem Juice

4.0

A gentle, water-like juice from the lotus plant that hydrates and provides antioxidant protection, ideal for sensitive or dehydrated skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidantsoothing
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Antioxidant

Lotus Germ Extract

Nelumbo Nucifera Germ Extract

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich extract from lotus seeds that may help protect skin from environmental stress and support a calm, even-looking complexion.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Lotus Leaf Cell Culture Powder

NYMPHAEA LOTUS LEAF CELL CULTURE POWDER

4.0

A gentle, lab-grown lotus ingredient that helps protect skin from environmental stress and may calm irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Lotus Leaf Ferment Filtrate

Bacillus/Nelumbo Nucifera Leaf Extract Ferment Filtrate

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich fermented ingredient that may help soothe skin and protect against environmental stress, though human studies are limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
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