Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 577
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Soothing agent

Sedum Bulbiferum Extract

Sedum Bulbiferum Extract

3.8

A gentle, plant-derived extract with soothing and antioxidant potential, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Sericoside

Sericoside

3.8

Sericoside is a gentle plant extract that may help calm skin and support a youthful appearance, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Shell Ginger Flower Water

Alpinia Speciosa Flower Water

3.8

A gentle, aromatic floral water that offers mild soothing and antioxidant benefits, but research on its specific skincare effects is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Shepherd's Purse Sprout Water

Capsella Bursa-Pastoris Sprout Water

3.8

A gentle, plant-derived water that may help calm irritation and provide antioxidant protection, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing agent

Shiitake & Licorice Ferment Filtrate

LENTINUS EDODES/LICORICE ROOT EXTRACT FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle fermented blend that may help calm skin and provide antioxidant support, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Shikimoyl Nonapeptide-11

Shikimoyl Nonapeptide-11

3.8

A synthetic peptide that aims to calm skin reactivity and reduce the look of redness, but clinical evidence is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Siberian Solomon's Seal Root Powder

POLYGONATUM SIBIRICUM ROOT/RHIZOME POWDER

3.8

A gentle, plant-based powder that may help calm irritation and support skin hydration, though human studies are limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Silkworm Ferment Extract

LACTOBACILLUS/SACCHAROMYCES SILKWORM EXTRACT FERMENT FILTRATE

3.8

A gentle, fermented ingredient that may help calm and hydrate skin, but research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Antioxidant

Silkworm Frass Extract

Bombyx Mori Frass Extract

3.5

Silkworm frass is a novel, natural ingredient with antioxidant potential, but research is limited and it may not be widely available.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Slippery Elm Bark Extract

ULMUS FULVA BARK EXTRACT

4.0

Slippery elm bark extract is a gentle, mucilage-rich botanical that forms a protective film on the skin, helping to soothe irritation and lock in moisture.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing agent

Smilo Grass Extract

ORYZOPSIS MILIACEA EXTRACT

3.8

Smilo Grass Extract is a gentle, plant-based ingredient that may help calm irritated skin and provide antioxidant support, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing agent

Sodium Pantetheine Sulfonate

SODIUM PANTETHEINE SULFONATE

4.0

A gentle, vitamin B5 derivative that helps calm irritation and support the skin barrier without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Solanum Mauritianum Extract

Solanum Mauritianum Extract

3.8

A gentle plant extract with soothing and antioxidant potential, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Solomon's Seal Extract

Polygonatum Officinale Extract

3.8

A gentle plant extract that may help calm and hydrate skin, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Solomon's Seal Root Extract

Polygonatum Officinale Rhizome/Root Extract

3.8

A gentle, plant-based extract that may help calm irritated skin and support hydration, though scientific evidence is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Speranskia Tuberculata Extract

Speranskia Tuberculata Extract

3.5

A gentle plant extract with early evidence of soothing and antioxidant benefits, but more research is needed to confirm its efficacy in skincare.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Sphagnum Moss Extract

Sphagnum Squarrosum Extract

3.8

A gentle, natural extract from sphagnum moss that may help calm irritated skin and provide light hydration, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing agent

Spotted Orchid Extract

ORCHIS MACULATA FLOWER/LEAF/STEM WATER

3.8

A mild, plant-based water that may help calm and hydrate skin, but research is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Stearyl Glycyrrhetinate

Stearyl Glycyrrhetinate

4.0

A gentle, oil-friendly licorice derivative that helps calm redness and soothe sensitive skin without irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Stephania Root Extract

STEPHANIA CEPHALANTHA ROOT EXTRACT

3.5

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant potential, but research is limited and benefits are not yet well-established.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing agent

Sterculia Scaphigera Seed Extract

STERCULIA SCAPHIGERA SEED EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle, plant-based extract that may help calm skin and provide a light protective film, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Stevia Leaf & Stem Powder

Stevia Rebaudiana Leaf/Stem Powder

3.8

A gentle, plant-based powder that may help calm skin and fight free radicals, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Streptomyces Pulveraceus Ferment Filtrate

STREPTOMYCES PULVERACEUS FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle, biotech-derived ferment that may help calm irritation and support a balanced skin microbiome, though human research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Strontium Acetate

STRONTIUM ACETATE

3.5

Strontium acetate can help calm reactive skin by temporarily blocking nerve signals that cause stinging or burning, but it is not a treatment for underlying skin conditions.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Strontium Chloride

Strontium Chloride

3.8

Strontium chloride is a gentle mineral salt that helps calm irritated skin and reduce redness, making it a solid choice for sensitive skin formulas.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing agent

Strontium Chloride Hexahydrate

STRONTIUM CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE

3.8

Strontium chloride hexahydrate is a mineral salt that can help calm reactive skin by temporarily reducing the sensation of stinging, itching, or flushing.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing agent

Strontium Hydroxide

STRONTIUM HYDROXIDE

3.5

Strontium hydroxide can help calm irritated skin by temporarily blocking nerve signals, but it is not a moisturizer or treatment for underlying skin conditions.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Sweet Almond Seed Extract

Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis Seed Extract

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich extract that helps soothe and moisturize skin, but its benefits are best supported by traditional use rather than extensive clinical studies.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Sweet Clover Extract

Melilotus Officinalis Herb Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with soothing potential, but limited clinical evidence for specific skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Sweet Fennel Fruit Extract

FOENICULUM VULGARE DULCE FRUIT EXTRACT

4.0

A gentle botanical extract that may help calm skin and provide antioxidant support, but research is mostly lab-based.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Sweetgum Balsam Extract

Liquidambar Styraciflua Balsam Extract

3.8

A natural balsam extract with soothing potential, but its fragrance components may irritate sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing agent

Tamanu Seed Extract

CALOPHYLLUM TACAMAHACA SEED EXTRACT

4.0

A gentle, plant-based extract that helps calm irritation and provides antioxidant protection, but more human studies are needed to confirm its benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Taro Root Extract

Colocasia Esculenta Root Extract

3.8

A gentle, plant-based extract that may help calm irritation and provide antioxidant protection, though research on its topical benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Antimicrobial

Tea Tree Leaf Extract

Melaleuca Alternifolia Leaf Extract

4.0

Tea tree leaf extract is a natural antimicrobial ingredient often used to help manage acne and soothe minor skin irritations, but it can be irritating at high concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Tenacibaculum Discolor Ferment Extract

Tenacibaculum Discolor Ferment Extract

3.8

A gentle, biotech-derived ingredient from marine bacteria that may help calm skin and fight oxidative stress, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing agent

Teprenone

TEPRENONE

3.5

Teprenone is a synthetic ingredient that may help calm skin and support the skin barrier, but research in cosmetics is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Tetrahydropalmatine HCl

TETRAHYDROPALMATINE HCL

3.5

Tetrahydropalmatine HCl is a plant alkaloid that may help calm skin, but research in cosmetics is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing agent

Thermophilic Flavobacterium Ferment

FLAVOBACTERIUM THERMOPHILUM FERMENT FILTRATE LYSATE

4.0

A gentle, biotech ingredient from heat-loving bacteria that may help calm irritation and support the skin barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing agent

Threoninamido Ornithine

THREONINAMIDO ORNITHINE

4.0

A gentle amino-acid derivative that may help reduce visible skin reactivity and support a more even tone, though human data is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Tounin Ekisu

Tounin Ekisu

3.8

Tounin Ekisu is a gentle, plant-based extract that may help calm irritated skin and provide light hydration, but research is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Tripeptide-36

Tripeptide-36

4.0

Tripeptide-36 is a lab-made peptide designed to help calm skin and reduce the look of redness and sensitivity.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Tripotassium Glycyrrhizate

Tripotassium Glycyrrhizate

4.3

A gentle, licorice-derived ingredient that helps calm redness and irritation without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Trisodium Glycyrrhizate

Trisodium Glycyrrhizate

4.3

A gentle, licorice-derived salt that calms redness and irritation without the side effects of pure licorice extract.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Tulipalin A

Tulipalin A

3.5

Tulipalin A is a plant-derived compound with early research suggesting anti-inflammatory benefits, but its use in skincare is still emerging and requires caution due to potential irritation.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Turnera Diffusa Oil

TURNERA DIFFUSA FLOWER/LEAF/STEM OIL

3.8

A gentle, aromatic plant oil with antioxidant potential, best for calming sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Vanillosmopsis Erythropappa Extract

Vanillosmopsis Erythropappa Flower/Leaf Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract from the Brazilian candeia tree that may help calm skin and fight free radicals, though research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Vanillosmopsis Erythropappa Oil

Vanillosmopsis Erythropappa Flower/Leaf Oil

3.8

A gentle, fragrant oil from the Candeia tree that may help calm skin and provide antioxidant support, but research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Vanillylidene Pentanedione

Vanillylidene Pentanedione

3.8

A synthetic ingredient that may help calm redness and even skin tone, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Skin-conditioning agent

Velvet Extract Ferment

Lactobacillus/Velvet Extract Ferment Filtrate

3.8

A fermented plant extract that may help calm the skin and support a healthy microbiome, though human research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Skin conditioning agent

Vibrio Alginolyticus Ferment Filtrate

Vibrio Alginolyticus Ferment Filtrate

4.0

A gentle, biotech-derived marine ferment that may help calm skin and support barrier function, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Visnaga Vera Fruit Extract

Visnaga Vera Fruit Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant and soothing potential, though research is still early and benefits are not yet proven in large human studies.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Vitamin B12 Yeast Peptide Complex

Cyanocobalamin/Yeast Polypeptide

3.8

A gentle blend of vitamin B12 and yeast peptides that may help calm and condition the skin, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

mixed

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Water Mint Extract

Mentha Aquatica Flower/Leaf/Stem Water

3.8

A mild, water-based mint extract that adds a refreshing feel and subtle scent to products, but with limited research on specific skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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