Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 20,303
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Emollient

Stigmasteryl Succinate

Stigmasteryl Succinate

4.0

A gentle, plant-based emollient that helps reinforce the skin’s moisture barrier without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Soothing agent

Stillingia Root Extract

STILLINGIA SYLVATICA ROOT EXTRACT

3.5

Stillingia Root Extract is a gentle botanical with traditional soothing and antimicrobial uses, but modern cosmetic research is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Soothing Agent

Stinging Nettle Extract

Urtica Dioica Extract

3.8

Stinging Nettle Extract is a gentle botanical that may help calm skin and provide antioxidant protection, but its benefits are modest and not as well-studied as some other plant extracts.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical
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Soothing Agent

Stinging Nettle Juice

Urtica Dioica Juice

3.8

A gentle, antioxidant-rich plant juice that can help calm irritated skin and provide light hydration.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing
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Soothing Agent

Stinging Nettle Leaf Powder

Urtica Dioica Leaf Powder

3.8

A gentle botanical powder that may help calm irritation and provide antioxidant protection, but its benefits in skincare are not yet strongly backed by clinical studies.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical
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Antioxidant

Stoechas Lavender Extract

LAVANDULA STOECHAS FLOWER/STEM EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant potential, but limited human studies on its skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Stonecrop Callus Extract

HYLOTELEPHIUM CAUTICOLUM CALLUS EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle, plant-derived antioxidant that may help calm skin and fight free radical damage, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Strawberry Begonia Extract

SAXIFRAGA SARMENTOSA EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle plant extract that may help calm skin and fight free radical damage, but research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Soothing Agent

Strawberry Begonia Water

Saxifraga Sarmentosa Water

3.8

A gentle botanical water that may help calm skin and provide antioxidant support, though research is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical
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Antioxidant

Strawberry Callus Extract

FRAGARIA ANANASSA CALLUS EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle, antioxidant-rich plant extract that may help protect skin from environmental stress, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Strawberry Callus Powder

Fragaria Ananassa Callus Powder

3.8

A gentle, antioxidant-rich ingredient from strawberry stem cells that may help protect skin from environmental stress, though human studies are limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Strawberry Calyx Extract

Fragaria Ananassa Calyx Extract

3.8

A gentle, antioxidant-rich botanical extract from strawberry tops that may help calm skin and fight free radical damage, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Strawberry Cinquefoil Extract

Potentilla Fragarioides Extract

3.8

A gentle plant extract with antioxidant potential, but research is limited and benefits are not yet well-established in human studies.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Strawberry Flower Extract

Fragaria Ananassa Flower Extract

3.8

A mild, plant-based antioxidant extract that may help calm skin and fight free radicals, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Strawberry Fruit Extract

FRAGARIA ANANASSA/NILGERRENSIS FRUIT EXTRACT

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich fruit extract that may help brighten and soothe skin, but benefits are mostly from whole-fruit properties rather than a single active.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Strawberry Fruit Juice

FRAGARIA CHILOENSIS FRUIT JUICE

3.8

A gentle, antioxidant-rich fruit juice that adds a touch of nourishment and a pleasant natural scent to skincare formulas.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Exfoliant

Strawberry Fruit Powder

FRAGARIA ANANASSA FRUIT POWDER

3.8

Strawberry fruit powder offers gentle physical exfoliation and antioxidant benefits, but its effectiveness depends on particle size and formulation.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareexfoliantantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Strawberry Root Extract

Fragaria Ananassa Root Extract

3.5

A gentle plant extract that may help calm skin and fight free radicals, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Strawberry Seed Extract

Fragaria Ananassa Seed Extract

4.0

Strawberry seed extract is a gentle, antioxidant-rich ingredient that helps protect skin from environmental stress and supports a healthy-looking complexion.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Emollient

Strawberry Seed Oil

FRAGARIA CHILOENSIS SEED OIL

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich oil that hydrates without clogging pores, but research on its specific benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareemollient
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Antioxidant

Strawberry Stolon Extract

Fragaria Ananassa Stolon Extract

3.8

A gentle, antioxidant-rich plant extract from strawberry runners that may help soothe and protect skin, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Strawberry Tree Fruit Extract

Arbutus Unedo Fruit Extract

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich botanical extract that may help calm skin and defend against environmental stress, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Strawflower Extract

XEROCHRYSUM BRACTEATUM FLOWER/LEAF/STEM EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle botanical extract that may help calm skin and fight free radicals, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Skin conditioning

Streptococcus Salivarius Milk Ferment

STREPTOCOCCUS SALIVARIUS/HYDROLYZED NONFAT DRY MILK FERMENT

3.8

A probiotic ferment that may help balance the skin microbiome and strengthen the skin barrier, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaremicrobiome
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Soothing Agent

Streptomyces Pulveraceus Ferment Filtrate

STREPTOMYCES PULVERACEUS FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle, biotech-derived ferment that may help calm irritation and support a balanced skin microbiome, though human research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Strontium Acetate

STRONTIUM ACETATE

3.5

Strontium acetate can help calm reactive skin by temporarily blocking nerve signals that cause stinging or burning, but it is not a treatment for underlying skin conditions.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Strontium Chloride

Strontium Chloride

3.8

Strontium chloride is a gentle mineral salt that helps calm irritated skin and reduce redness, making it a solid choice for sensitive skin formulas.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing agent

Strontium Chloride Hexahydrate

STRONTIUM CHLORIDE HEXAHYDRATE

3.8

Strontium chloride hexahydrate is a mineral salt that can help calm reactive skin by temporarily reducing the sensation of stinging, itching, or flushing.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing agent

Strontium Hydroxide

STRONTIUM HYDROXIDE

3.5

Strontium hydroxide can help calm irritated skin by temporarily blocking nerve signals, but it is not a moisturizer or treatment for underlying skin conditions.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Oxidizing Agent

Strontium Peroxide

STRONTIUM PEROXIDE

2.0

A strong oxidizing agent used in hair bleaching that can be irritating; not common in everyday skincare.

Irritation

high

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareoxidizing agent
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Depilatory Agent

Strontium Sulfide

Strontium Sulfide

2.5

Strontium sulfide is an effective hair-removal chemical, but it can be harsh and irritating, especially for sensitive skin.

Irritation

high

Source

natural

beautyskincaredepilatory agent
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Depilatory Agent

Strontium Thioglycolate

STRONTIUM THIOGLYCOLATE

3.5

Strontium thioglycolate is a common active in depilatory creams that dissolves hair, but it can be irritating and has a strong odor.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaredepilatory
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Skin conditioning agent

Sturgeon Coelomic Fluid Filtrate

Sturgeon Coelomic Fluid Filtrate

3.8

A protein-rich ingredient from sturgeon fluid that may help hydrate and temporarily firm skin, but scientific evidence is limited and it comes with ethical and sustainability concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareconditioning agent
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Humectant

Sturgeon Skin Mucus Extract

STURGEON SKIN MUCUS EXTRACT

3.8

A novel, hydrating ingredient from sturgeon mucus that may help soothe and moisturize skin, but research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarehumectant
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Fragrance ingredient

Styralyl Alcohol

Styralyl Alcohol

3.5

Styralyl Alcohol is a synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a light floral scent but may cause irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Styralyl Propionate

STYRALYL PROPIONATE

3.5

A synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a sweet, floral scent to products; generally considered safe at low concentrations but may cause sensitivity in some individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Film Former

Styrene Acrylate Copolymer

STYRENE/ACRYLATES/ETHYLHEXYL ACRYLATE/LAURYL ACRYLATE COPOLYMER

3.8

A synthetic polymer that helps makeup last longer and feel smoother, but offers no skincare benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecosmetic
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Film Former

Styrene Acrylates Copolymer

Styrene/Acrylates Copolymer

3.8

A safe, synthetic film-former that helps makeup last longer and feel smoother, but it's not a skincare active.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

Styrene/Acrylate Copolymer

HEMA/METHACRYLAMIDOPROPYLTRIMONIUM CHLORIDE/STYRENE COPOLYMER

3.5

A synthetic polymer that helps products stay put, but offers no skin benefit and may feel stiff or heavy on some.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
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Film Former

Styrene/Acrylates Copolymer

STYRENE/ACRYLATES/AMMONIUM METHACRYLATE COPOLYMER

3.8

A synthetic polymer that helps makeup and skincare last longer by forming a flexible, water-resistant film on skin or hair.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

Styrene/Acrylates Copolymer Blend

SODIUM STYRENE/METHOXY PEG-10 MALEATE/NONOXYNOL-10 MALEATE/ACRYLATES COPOLYMER

3.5

A synthetic polymer that helps products stay put and feel smooth, but offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Absorbent

Styrene/DVB Crosspolymer

Styrene/DVB Crosspolymer

3.5

A synthetic powder that improves product feel and absorbs excess oil, but offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaretexturizer
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Film Former

Styrene/MA Copolymer

STYRENE/MA COPOLYMER

3.8

A safe synthetic polymer that helps makeup and skincare products stay put without clogging pores or causing irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

Styrene/Methylstyrene Copolymer

STYRENE/METHYLSTYRENE COPOLYMER

3.8

A synthetic polymer that helps makeup last longer and feel smoother, but offers no skincare benefit and may feel heavy on some skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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