Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 20,303
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Exfoliant

Sesame Seed Powder

Sesamum Indicum Seed Powder

3.8

A gentle natural exfoliant that also helps absorb excess oil, but may feel gritty in some formulas.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareexfoliant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Sesame Sprout Extract

SESAMUM INDICUM SPROUT EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle, antioxidant-rich extract from sesame sprouts that may help calm skin and protect against environmental stress, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Sesamide DEA

SESAMIDE DEA

3.0

Sesamide DEA helps create rich lather and thicken cleansers, but it may be mildly irritating and has moderate comedogenic potential.

Irritation

moderate

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Sesamide DIPA

Sesamide DIPA

3.5

A mild surfactant that helps create rich lather, but may cause irritation for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Sesamidopropyl Betaine

SESAMIDOPROPYL BETAINE

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived surfactant that cleanses without stripping the skin, making it a great choice for sensitive or dry skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Sesamidopropylamine Oxide

SESAMIDOPROPYLAMINE OXIDE

4.0

A gentle, sesame-derived surfactant that boosts foam and improves the feel of cleansers without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emollient

Sesqui-C12-16 Alkanes

Sesqui-C12-16 Alkanes

4.2

A silky, plant-derived emollient that helps products spread smoothly without clogging pores or causing irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareemollient
Read ingredient review

pH Adjuster

Sesquiethoxytriethanolamine

SESQUIETHOXYTRIETHANOLAMINE

3.5

A synthetic pH adjuster that helps keep your products stable and gentle, but it doesn't actively improve your skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepH adjuster
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Sessile Oak Extract

Quercus Petraea Bark/Wood/Leaf Extract

3.8

A gentle plant extract that may help protect skin from environmental stress and temporarily tighten pores, but research is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Sessile Oak Fruit Extract

Quercus Petraea Fruit Extract

3.8

A gentle, antioxidant-rich plant extract that may help protect skin from environmental stress, though research on its cosmetic benefits is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Anti-Aging Agent

SH-Decapeptide-1

SH-Decapeptide-1

4.0

SH-Decapeptide-1 is a synthetic peptide that may help reduce the appearance of fine lines and improve skin firmness by signaling collagen production.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepeptide
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Decapeptide-1 / SH-Oligopeptide-2

SH-Decapeptide-1, SH-Oligopeptide-2

4.0

A gentle peptide duo that signals skin to repair and rebuild, making it a solid choice for anti-aging routines without irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging

SH-Decapeptide-1 / SH-Polypeptide-9

SH-DECAPEPTIDE-1, SH-POLYPEPTIDE-9

4.0

A gentle synthetic peptide duo that signals skin to build collagen, making it a solid choice for anti-aging routines without irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepeptide
Read ingredient review

Anti-Aging Agent

SH-Decapeptide-13

SH-Decapeptide-13

4.0

SH-Decapeptide-13 is a lab-made peptide that signals skin to produce more collagen, helping reduce fine lines and improve firmness with low irritation risk.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepeptide
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Decapeptide-23

SH-Decapeptide-23

3.8

A lab-made peptide that may help support skin firmness and reduce fine lines, but research is still early and results vary.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepeptide
Read ingredient review

Anti-Aging Agent

SH-Decapeptide-7

SH-Decapeptide-7

4.0

A synthetic peptide that may help smooth fine lines and improve skin firmness with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Decapeptide-9

SH-Decapeptide-9

4.0

SH-Decapeptide-9 is a lab-made peptide that may help smooth fine lines and improve skin firmness, but research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Heptapeptide-1

SH-HEPTAPEPTIDE-1

4.0

A synthetic peptide that may help soften fine lines by encouraging collagen production, but results are subtle and require consistent use.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepeptide
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Heptapeptide-13

SH-Heptapeptide-13

4.0

A synthetic peptide that may help reduce the look of fine lines by signaling skin to support collagen, but results are subtle and require consistent use.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepeptide
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Heptapeptide-18

SH-Heptapeptide-18

3.8

SH-Heptapeptide-18 is a lab-made peptide that may help support skin firmness and reduce the appearance of fine lines, but research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Heptapeptide-2

SH-Heptapeptide-2

4.0

A synthetic peptide that may help reduce fine lines and improve skin firmness, with low irritation risk.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepeptide
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Heptapeptide-3

SH-Heptapeptide-3

4.0

A synthetic peptide that may help reduce the look of fine lines and support firmer skin, with low irritation potential.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Heptapeptide-4

SH-HEXAPEPTIDE-4

4.0

A synthetic peptide that may help soften expression lines by temporarily relaxing facial muscles, similar to a milder, topical alternative to injectables.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepeptide
Read ingredient review

Anti-Aging Agent

SH-Hexapeptide-43

SH-Hexapeptide-43

3.8

SH-Hexapeptide-43 is a synthetic peptide that may help support skin firmness and reduce fine lines, but research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepeptide
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Nonapeptide-1

SH-Nonapeptide-1

3.8

A synthetic peptide that mimics the action of botulinum toxin to soften expression lines, but with milder and temporary effects.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Nonapeptide-12

SH-Nonapeptide-12

4.0

A synthetic peptide that may help soften expression lines by temporarily relaxing facial muscles, similar to a milder, topical alternative to injectables.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepeptide
Read ingredient review

Anti-wrinkle agent

SH-Nonapeptide-3

SH-Nonapeptide-3

4.0

A synthetic peptide that mimics the action of botulinum toxin to soften expression lines, but with milder and temporary effects.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepeptide
Read ingredient review

Anti-wrinkle agent

SH-Nonapeptide-4

SH-Nonapeptide-4

4.0

A synthetic peptide that temporarily relaxes facial muscles to soften expression lines, offering a non-invasive alternative to injectables.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-wrinkle agent

SH-Nonapeptide-5

SH-Nonapeptide-5

4.0

A synthetic peptide that mimics the action of botulinum toxin to soften expression lines, offering a gentler alternative for wrinkle prevention.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepeptide
Read ingredient review

Anti-wrinkle agent

SH-Nonapeptide-6

SH-Nonapeptide-6

4.0

A synthetic peptide that mimics the effects of botulinum toxin to soften expression lines, but with milder and temporary results.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepeptide
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Octapeptide-16

SH-Octapeptide-16

3.8

A synthetic peptide that may help soften expression lines by temporarily relaxing facial muscles, but research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Oligopeptide-1

SH-Oligopeptide-1

3.5

A novel synthetic peptide that may help reduce fine lines, but research is still emerging and it's not a proven alternative to well-studied peptides.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepeptide
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Oligopeptide-1 Nonapeptide-29

SH-Oligopeptide-1 Nonapeptide-29

4.0

A synthetic peptide blend that may help support collagen and reduce fine lines, but more human studies are needed to confirm its effects.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepeptide
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Oligopeptide-10

SH-Oligopeptide-10

3.8

SH-Oligopeptide-10 is a synthetic peptide that may help support skin firmness and reduce fine lines, but research is still emerging and results vary.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-Aging Agent

SH-Oligopeptide-11

SH-Oligopeptide-11

3.8

A synthetic peptide that may help support collagen and improve skin firmness, but research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-Aging Agent

SH-Oligopeptide-12

SH-Oligopeptide-12

4.0

A lab-made peptide that may help firm skin and reduce fine lines, but research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-Aging Agent

SH-Oligopeptide-13

SH-Oligopeptide-13

4.0

A lab-made peptide that may help firm skin and reduce fine lines by encouraging collagen production, though human studies are limited.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Oligopeptide-14

SH-Oligopeptide-14

4.0

A lab-made peptide that may help firm skin and soften lines, but human studies are limited.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Skin conditioning agent

SH-Oligopeptide-15

SH-Oligopeptide-15

3.8

SH-Oligopeptide-15 is a synthetic peptide that may help support skin firmness and reduce fine lines, but research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Oligopeptide-16

SH-Oligopeptide-16

4.0

SH-Oligopeptide-16 is a lab-made peptide that may help firm skin and soften fine lines, with low irritation risk.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-Wrinkle Agent

SH-Oligopeptide-3

SH-OCTAPEPTIDE-3

4.0

A synthetic peptide that mimics the action of botulinum toxin to soften expression lines, but with milder and temporary effects.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Oligopeptide-33

SH-Oligopeptide-33

4.0

A synthetic peptide that may help support skin firmness and reduce fine lines, but more independent research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Oligopeptide-4

SH-Oligopeptide-4

4.0

SH-Oligopeptide-4 is a synthetic peptide that may help support collagen production and improve skin firmness, but more human studies are needed to confirm its efficacy.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Oligopeptide-5

SH-Oligopeptide-5

3.8

A lab-made peptide that may help reduce fine lines and improve skin firmness, but research is still limited compared to more established peptides.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepeptide
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging

SH-Oligopeptide-6

SH-Oligopeptide-6

4.0

A lab-made peptide that signals skin to act firmer and smoother, but results are subtle and require consistent use.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepeptide
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Oligopeptide-60

SH-Oligopeptide-60

4.0

A lab-made peptide that may help smooth wrinkles and improve skin firmness, but human studies are still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Oligopeptide-7

SH-Oligopeptide-7

4.0

A synthetic peptide that may help reduce fine lines and improve skin firmness, with low irritation risk.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-Aging Agent

SH-Oligopeptide-70

SH-Oligopeptide-70

3.8

SH-Oligopeptide-70 is a lab-made peptide that may help support collagen and improve skin firmness, but research is still early and not as robust as for more established peptides.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Oligopeptide-71

SH-Oligopeptide-71

4.0

A lab-made peptide that may help firm skin and soften fine lines, but long-term human studies are limited.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepeptide
Read ingredient review

Anti-Aging Agent

SH-Oligopeptide-72

SH-Oligopeptide-72

4.0

A synthetic peptide that may help reduce fine lines and improve skin firmness, but research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Oligopeptide-73

SH-Oligopeptide-73

3.8

A promising synthetic peptide that may help firm skin and reduce fine lines, but research is still limited compared to more established peptides.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Anti-aging agent

SH-Oligopeptide-73 Amide

SH-Oligopeptide-73 Amide Trifluoroacetate

3.8

A lab-made peptide that may help firm skin and reduce fine lines, but research is still early and results vary.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepeptide
Read ingredient review