Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 20,303
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Film Former

PCA Dimethicone

PCA Dimethicone

4.0

A gentle, silicone-based ingredient that helps skin feel smooth and hydrated without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresilicone
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PCA Dimethicone Crosspolymer

PCA Dimethicone/Bis-Vinyldimethicone Crosspolymer

4.0

A silicone powder that gives a silky, blurring finish and helps control shine without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresilicone
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PCA Ethyl Cocoyl Arginate

PCA Ethyl Cocoyl Arginate

4.3

A mild, amino-acid-based surfactant that cleanses without stripping the skin, making it ideal for sensitive or dry skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PCA Glyceryl Oleate

PCA Glyceryl Oleate

4.0

A gentle, non-greasy emollient that helps soften and condition skin while supporting the skin's natural moisture barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Pea Callus Extract

Pisum Sativum (Pea) Callus Extract

4.0

Pea callus extract is a gentle, plant-derived antioxidant that may help protect skin from environmental stress and support a more even tone.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Emollient

Pea Palmitate

Pea Palmitate

4.0

Pea Palmitate is a gentle, plant-based emollient that helps moisturize and soften skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareemollient
Read ingredient review

Skin conditioning agent

Pea Phytoplacenta Conditioned Media

Pisum Sativum (Pea) Phytoplacenta Conditioned Media

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived ferment that mimics the regenerative properties of animal placenta without the ethical or safety concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareanti-aging
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Pea Phytoplacenta Extract

Pisum Sativum (Pea) Phytoplacenta Extract

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived extract that may help calm skin and fight free radical damage, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Conditioning Agent

Pea Protein Surfactant

CETEARAMIDOETHYL DIETHONIUM ISOSTEAROYL HYDROLYZED PEA PROTEIN

4.0

A mild, protein-based conditioning ingredient that helps hair feel soft and manageable without heavy buildup.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Pea Sprout Extract

Pisum Sativum Sprout Extract

4.0

Pea sprout extract is a gentle, antioxidant-rich ingredient that helps calm skin and support a youthful appearance without irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Pea Symbiosome Extract

Pisum Sativum (Pea) Symbiosome Extract

4.3

A gentle, lab-grown pea extract that helps skin defend against environmental stress and maintain a youthful appearance.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Peach Bud Extract

Prunus Persica Bud Extract

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich extract from peach buds that may help soothe and protect skin, but research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Peach Callus Culture Extract

Prunus Persica (Peach) Callus Culture Extract

3.8

A gentle, lab-grown peach cell extract that may help protect skin from environmental stress, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Peach Callus Extract

Prunus Persica (Peach) Callus Extract

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich extract from peach callus cells that may help soothe and protect skin, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Exfoliant

Peach Flower Powder

PRUNUS PERSICA FLOWER POWDER

3.8

Peach flower powder offers gentle physical exfoliation with a touch of antioxidant activity, but research on its skincare benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareexfoliant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Peach Fruit Extract

Prunus Persica (Peach) Fruit Extract

4.0

Peach Fruit Extract is a gentle, antioxidant-rich ingredient that helps hydrate and soothe the skin, making it a nice addition to daily skincare routines.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Peach Gum

Prunus Persica Gum

4.0

Peach gum is a gentle, plant-based film-former that helps skin feel smooth and hydrated, but research on its benefits is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Emollient

Peach Kernel Extract

PRUNUS PERSICA KERNEL EXTRACT

4.0

Peach Kernel Extract is a gentle, nourishing emollient that helps soften and smooth skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

Peach Kernel Oil

Prunus Persica Kernel Oil

4.3

A gentle, non-greasy oil that hydrates and softens skin without clogging pores, making it a great choice for sensitive and oily skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaremoisturizer
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Peach Leaf Extract

Prunus Persica Leaf Extract

4.0

Peach Leaf Extract is a gentle botanical antioxidant that may help calm skin and protect against environmental stress, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Humectant

Peach Palm Fruit Juice

Bactris Gasipaes Fruit Juice

3.8

A gentle, hydrating fruit juice with antioxidant potential, but research on its specific skincare benefits is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Exfoliant

Peach Seed Powder

Prunus Persica Seed Powder

4.0

A natural, biodegradable exfoliant that gently buffs away dead skin cells without the environmental concerns of plastic microbeads.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareexfoliant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Peach Wood Extract

Prunus Persica Wood Extract

3.8

Peach Wood Extract is a gentle, antioxidant-rich botanical that may help soothe skin and protect against environmental stress, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Peacock Seaweed Extract

Padina Pavonica Thallus Extract

4.0

A gentle seaweed extract that helps calm irritation and support skin hydration, ideal for sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Absorbent

Peanut Flour

ARACHIS HYPOGAEA FLOUR

3.5

Peanut flour can gently absorb oil and exfoliate, but it may clog pores and is not suitable for those with peanut allergies.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareabsorbent
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Peanut Fruit Extract

Arachis Hypogaea Fruit Extract

3.5

A plant-based antioxidant extract that may help protect skin from environmental stress, but it carries a moderate risk of clogging pores and is a common allergen.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Emollient

Peanut Glycerides

Peanut Glycerides

3.5

Peanut Glycerides are gentle emollients that soften skin, but may be comedogenic for acne-prone individuals and are unsuitable for those with peanut allergies.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareemollient
Read ingredient review

Emollient

Peanut Oil PEG-6 Esters

PEANUT OIL PEG-6 ESTERS

3.5

A versatile emollient and emulsifier that helps products feel smooth, but may be comedogenic for acne-prone skin and is unsuitable for those with peanut allergy.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Peanut Rice Callus Extract

R-PEANUT RICE CALLUS EXTRACT

3.5

A plant cell culture extract that may offer antioxidant and soothing benefits, but research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Peanut Seedcoat Extract

Arachis Hypogaea Seedcoat Extract

3.8

A gentle antioxidant from peanut skins that may help protect skin from environmental stress, but research is still early and it's not a powerhouse ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Peanutamide MEA

PEANUTAMIDE MEA

3.5

Peanutamide MEA is a foam booster and cleanser, but it may be mildly irritating and is not suitable for those with peanut allergies.

Irritation

moderate

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Peanutamide MIPA

PEANUTAMIDE MIPA

3.5

Peanutamide MIPA is a gentle conditioning agent that helps soften hair and skin, but it may not be suitable for those with peanut allergies or acne-prone skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Exfoliant

Pear Ferment Filtrate

LACTOBACILLUS/PEAR JUICE FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle probiotic ferment that exfoliates and hydrates without harsh acids, ideal for sensitive or reactive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareexfolianthumectant
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Antioxidant

Pear Flower Extract

Pyrus Communis Flower Extract

3.8

Pear flower extract is a mild, antioxidant-rich botanical that may help calm skin and fight free radical damage, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Pear Flower Water

Pyrus Communis Flower Water

3.5

Pear flower water is a gentle, lightly fragrant hydrosol that can refresh and soothe skin, but it lacks strong clinical evidence for specific benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Pear Fruit Cell Culture Extract

Pyrus Communis Fruit Cell Culture Extract

4.0

A gentle, lab-grown pear extract that may help protect skin from environmental stress, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Pear Fruit Cell Extract

Pyrus Communis Fruit Cell Extract

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived antioxidant that helps protect skin from environmental stress and supports a healthy-looking complexion.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Humectant

Pear Fruit Extract

Pyrus Communis Fruit Extract

4.0

Pear Fruit Extract is a gentle, hydrating ingredient that helps soothe and moisturize the skin, making it a good choice for sensitive or dry skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Humectant

Pear Fruit Juice

Pyrus Communis Fruit Juice

3.8

Pear fruit juice is a gentle, water-binding ingredient that adds light hydration and a touch of natural antioxidant activity to skincare formulas.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Pear Seed Extract

Pyrus Communis Seed Extract

4.0

Pear Seed Extract is a gentle, antioxidant-rich ingredient that helps protect skin from environmental stress while providing light hydration.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Pear Twig Extract

Pyrus Communis Twig Extract

3.8

A gentle, plant-based antioxidant that may help calm skin and defend against environmental stress, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Exfoliant

Pearl Powder

PEARL POWDER

3.8

Pearl powder offers gentle physical exfoliation and a subtle glow, but its brightening and skin-repair claims are not strongly supported by independent research.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareexfoliant
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Peat Extract

PEAT

3.5

Peat extract is a natural, mineral-rich ingredient with limited research, but early studies suggest it may help soothe and condition the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Pecan Seed Extract

Carya Illinoinensis Seed Extract

3.8

Pecan Seed Extract is a gentle, antioxidant-rich ingredient that may help protect skin from environmental stress, but research on its cosmetic benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Emollient

Pecan Seed Oil

Carya Illinoinensis Seed Oil

4.0

A gentle, non-greasy oil rich in fatty acids and vitamin E that helps soften and protect the skin barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareemollient
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Pecan Shell Extract

Carya Illinoensis Shell Extract

3.8

Pecan Shell Extract is a gentle, antioxidant-rich ingredient that may help protect skin from environmental stress, but research on its cosmetic benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Abrasive

Pecan Shell Powder

CARYA ILLINOINENSIS SHELL POWDER

3.8

A natural, biodegradable physical exfoliant, but the irregular particle shape can cause micro-tears if not finely milled.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincareexfoliant
Read ingredient review

Thickener

Pectin

Pectin

4.0

Pectin is a gentle, fruit-derived thickener and hydrator that helps stabilize formulas and adds a light, non-greasy feel to skincare products.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarethickenerhumectant
Read ingredient review

Skin conditioning agent

Pectobacterium Polypeptide-1

SR-PECTOBACTERIUM POLYPEPTIDE-1

3.8

A novel biotech peptide that may help strengthen the skin barrier and reduce fine lines, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarepeptide
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Pectolinarin

Pectolinarin

3.8

Pectolinarin is a plant-derived flavonoid with antioxidant and soothing potential, but research in cosmetics is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Skin conditioning agent

Pediococcus Ferment Filtrate

Pediococcus Ferment Filtrate

4.0

A gentle, probiotic ingredient that helps support your skin's natural microbiome and improve barrier function.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaremicrobiome
Read ingredient review

Fragrance

Peel Oils

Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Peel Oil, Citrus Limon (Lemon) Peel Oil, Citrus Paradisi (Grapefruit) Peel Oil

3.8

Peel oils add a fresh citrus scent and mild antioxidant activity, but they can be irritating for sensitive skin and are primarily used for fragrance.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
Read ingredient review

Viscosity Controlling

PEG Crosspolymer

PEG Crosspolymer

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that improves product feel and stability without major skin concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaretexturizer
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEG Crosspolymer Film Former

METHOXY PEG-17/METHOXY PEG-11/HDI CROSSPOLYMER

3.8

A synthetic film former that helps products stay put and resist water, but it offers no active skincare benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Delivery Agent

PEG Dendrimer Complex

PEG-222 PENTAERYTHRITYL ADIPATE-SUCCINIMIDE DENDRIMER

3.8

A cutting-edge synthetic molecule that acts like a microscopic delivery truck, carrying active ingredients deeper into skin layers.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaredelivery agent
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PEG Fluorinated Ester

Polyperfluoroethoxymethoxy Difluoroethyl PEG Diisostearate

3.5

A synthetic fluorinated ingredient that helps products feel silky and resist water, but its environmental persistence raises concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG Oleate

PEG Oleate

3.5

PEG Oleate is a common synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but it may be slightly irritating for very sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEG Soyamine Polyurethane Copolymer

DI-PEG-2 SOYAMINE/POLYDIETHYLENEGLYCOL ADIPATE/IPDI COPOLYMER

3.5

A synthetic polymer that helps products stay put and resist water, but offers no active skincare benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review