Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 1,342
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Emulsifier

Olive-Derived Amino Lipid

Bis-C24-28 Hydroxyalkyl OlivoYL Glutamate

4.0

A mild, olive-derived emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy textures while being very gentle on skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Palm Oil PEG-8 Esters

PALM OIL PEG-8 ESTERS

3.8

A gentle emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but its palm oil origin raises sustainability concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Palm Oil Polyglyceryl-4 Esters

Palm Oil Polyglyceryl-4 Esters

4.0

A mild, plant-derived emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in creams and lotions without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Palm Oil Polyglyceryl-5 Esters

Palm Oil Polyglyceryl-5 Esters

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in your skincare products while also softening the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Palmitamide MEA

Palmitamide MEA

4.0

A mild emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in creams and lotions, with very low irritation potential.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Palmitoyl Inulin

Palmitoyl Inulin

4.0

A gentle, plant-based emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy textures without common irritation concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Skin Conditioning Agent

Palmitoyl Myristyl Serinate

Palmitoyl Myristyl Serinate

4.0

A gentle, amino-acid-based ingredient that helps condition skin and stabilize formulas without common irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-10 Avocado Oil Glyceryl Esters

PEG-10 Avocado Oil Glyceryl Esters

4.0

A mild, avocado-derived emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy textures while adding a touch of skin-softening benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-10 Castor Oil

PEG-10 Castor Oil

3.8

PEG-10 Castor Oil is a reliable emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in your products, but its PEG component raises mild purity concerns for sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-10 Dioleate

PEG-10 Dioleate

3.5

PEG-10 Dioleate helps mix oil and water in products, but may be slightly irritating or pore-clogging for sensitive or acne-prone skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-10 Glyceryl Diisostearate

PEG-10 Glyceryl Diisostearate

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy textures, but may not suit those avoiding PEGs.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-10 Glyceryl Oleate

PEG-10 Glyceryl Oleate

3.8

A gentle emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and creams, generally well-tolerated by most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-10 Glyceryl Stearate

PEG-10 Glyceryl Stearate

4.0

A reliable emulsifier that helps create smooth, stable creams and lotions with low irritation potential.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-10 Glyceryl Trioleate

PEG-10 Glyceryl Trioleate

3.5

A workhorse emulsifier that helps oil and water mix, but may not suit everyone due to its synthetic origin and potential for mild irritation in sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-10 Glyceryl Tristearate

PEG-10 Glyceryl Tristearate

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps water and oil mix in your creams and lotions, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-10 Hydrogenated Castor Oil

PEG-10 Hydrogenated Castor Oil

4.0

A gentle, plant-based emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but may feel slightly heavy on very oily skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PEG-10 Hydrogenated Lanolin

PEG-10 Hydrogenated Lanolin

3.8

A gentle, lanolin-based emollient that helps soften skin and stabilize formulas, but may clog pores for some.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollientemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-10 Isostearate

PEG-10 Isostearate

3.5

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but may be less eco-friendly than some alternatives.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-10 Lanolate

PEG-10 Lanolate

3.8

A gentle emulsifier derived from lanolin that helps blend oil and water, but may be mildly comedogenic for acne-prone skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PEG-10 Lanolin

PEG-10 Lanolin

3.8

A gentle, water-soluble lanolin derivative that softens skin and helps blend oil and water in formulas, but may clog pores for some.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollientemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-10 Olive Glycerides

PEG-10 OLIVE GLYCERIDES

4.0

A mild, olive-derived emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy textures without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-10 Phytosterol

PEG-10 Phytosterol

4.0

A mild, plant-based emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy textures while also offering light skin conditioning.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-10 Rapeseed Sterol

PEG-10 RAPESEED STEROL

4.0

A mild, plant-derived emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in skincare formulas while adding a smooth, non-greasy feel.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-10 Silicone Crosspolymer Blend

PEG-10 POLYDIMETHYLSILOXYETHYL DIMETHICONE/BIS-VINYL DIMETHICONE CROSSPOLYMER

4.0

A reliable silicone emulsifier that helps blend water and oil phases for a smooth, non-greasy finish.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-10 Sorbitan Laurate

PEG-10 Sorbitan Laurate

4.0

A gentle, PEG-based emulsifier that helps mix oil and water without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-10 Soy Sterol

PEG-10 SOY STEROL

4.0

PEG-10 Soy Sterol is a mild, plant-derived emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in skincare products while adding a soft, non-greasy feel.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-10 Sunflower Glycerides

PEG-10 Sunflower Glycerides

4.0

A gentle, sunflower-derived emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy formulas without common irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-10 Tsubakiate Glycerides

PEG-10 Tsubakiate Glycerides

4.0

A gentle, semi-synthetic emulsifier derived from camellia oil that helps blend water and oil in your products without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-100 Castor Oil

PEG-100 Castor Oil

3.8

PEG-100 Castor Oil is a reliable emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and creams, but it may not suit those avoiding ethoxylated ingredients.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PEG-100 Lanolin

PEG-100 Lanolin

3.5

PEG-100 Lanolin is a water-friendly version of lanolin that softens skin and helps blend oil and water, but it may clog pores for some and raises concerns about potential impurities from the PEG process.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollientemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-100 Stearate

PEG-100 Stearate

3.8

A widely used synthetic emulsifier that helps create stable, smooth creams but may be less ideal for very sensitive or acne-prone skin in high concentrations.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-11 Avocado Glycerides

PEG-11 Avocado Glycerides

4.0

A gentle emulsifier that helps blend oil and water while adding a touch of avocado-derived nourishment.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-11 Babassu Glycerides

PEG-11 Babassu Glycerides

4.0

A mild, plant-based emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in skincare formulas while leaving skin feeling soft.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-11 Cocoa Butter Glycerides

PEG-11 Cocoa Butter Glycerides

4.0

A gentle, PEG-modified cocoa butter derivative that helps blend oil and water in formulas while adding a touch of cocoa butter's moisturizing feel.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-11 Methyl Ether Dimethicone

PEG-11 METHYL ETHER DIMETHICONE

4.0

A gentle silicone emulsifier that improves product texture and spreadability without common silicone downsides.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-12 Beeswax

PEG-12 Beeswax

3.8

PEG-12 Beeswax is a gentle emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in skincare products, but its PEG component raises mild environmental and purity concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-12 Diisostearate

PEG-12 Diisostearate

4.0

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in skincare, generally well-tolerated but may not suit those avoiding PEGs.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-12 Dioleate

PEG-12 Dioleate

3.8

PEG-12 Dioleate is a reliable emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but its production may involve trace impurities that some people prefer to avoid.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-12 Glyceryl Dimyristate

PEG-12 Glyceryl Dimyristate

3.5

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy formulas, but its PEG component raises minor purity concerns for sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-12 Glyceryl Dioleate

PEG-12 Glyceryl Dioleate

3.5

A synthetic emulsifier that helps blend oils and water in creams and lotions, generally well-tolerated but not a star active ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-12 Glyceryl Distearate

PEG-12 Glyceryl Distearate

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in creams and lotions, with a low risk of irritation for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-12 Glyceryl Laurate

PEG-12 Glyceryl Laurate

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy formulas without heavy irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-12 Glyceryl Linoleate

PEG-12 Glyceryl Linoleate

4.0

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in formulas while providing mild skin conditioning from linoleic acid.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-12 Isostearate

PEG-12 Isostearate

3.8

PEG-12 Isostearate is a safe, effective emulsifier that helps products feel smooth, but its PEG origin raises mild environmental and purity concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-12 Lanolate

PEG-12 Lanolate

3.5

PEG-12 Lanolate is a gentle, water-friendly lanolin derivative that helps blend oil and water in formulas, but it may clog pores for some and raises environmental concerns due to PEGs.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG-12 Palm Kernel Glycerides

PEG-12 PALM KERNEL GLYCERIDES

3.8

A gentle emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in skincare formulas, but its PEG backbone raises mild environmental and purity concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review