Ingredient review
PEG-100 Hydrogenated Castor Oil
INCI: PEG-100 Hydrogenated Castor Oil
A reliable emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but may not suit those avoiding PEG compounds.
In plain English
PEG-100 Hydrogenated Castor Oil is a modified version of castor oil that has been treated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to make it water-friendly. In skincare, it acts like a bridge between oil and water, allowing them to blend into a stable cream or lotion. It also helps cleanse the skin by trapping dirt and makeup so they rinse away easily. While generally gentle, some people prefer to avoid PEGs due to concerns about potential impurities from manufacturing.
Review score
Safety, usefulness, and evidence
Potentially useful with some tradeoffs
The evidence base is useful, but some claims depend heavily on the formula.
Risk flags are low for most users, though the finished product can still irritate.
- Source
- semi synthetic
- Evidence
- moderate
- Irritation
- low
- Clogging risk
- low
Quick decision guide
Useful, but context matters
PEG-100 Hydrogenated Castor Oil is generally a lower-concern ingredient when the full formula suits your skin.
Plain-English read
Treat this as a practical screening step before you compare products that contain this ingredient.
- Step 1Start with the score, then check the irritation and clogging risk before judging PEG-100 Hydrogenated Castor Oil.
- Step 2Use the "Best for" and "Use caution if" sections to match the ingredient to your skin, not just to a marketing claim.
- Step 3If a product stings, breaks you out, or worsens irritation, judge the finished formula and stop using it even if the ingredient scores well.
Score terms in plain English
Irritation risk
lowLess likely to sting, burn, or bother most users, though sensitive skin can still react.
Clogging risk
lowLess likely to feel heavy or contribute to clogged pores for most skin types.
Evidence level
moderateThere is useful support, but formula details and claim strength still matter.
What it is
A semi-synthetic ingredient made by reacting hydrogenated castor oil with ethylene oxide (PEG). The result is a waxy, water-soluble emulsifier that helps oil and water mix in cosmetic formulas.
How it works
It reduces the surface tension between oil and water, allowing them to form a stable emulsion. In cleansers, it also acts as a surfactant, helping to lift oil-based impurities and makeup from the skin so they can be rinsed away with water.
Pros
Excellent emulsifier
It reliably blends oil and water into a smooth, stable cream or lotion, preventing separation and ensuring a consistent texture every time you use the product.
Gentle cleanser
In rinse-off products, it effectively removes makeup and sunscreen without leaving the skin feeling tight or stripped, making it suitable for daily use.
Cons and cautions
PEG-related concerns
Some consumers worry about potential impurities like 1,4-dioxane, a byproduct of PEG manufacturing. However, reputable brands purify their ingredients to meet safety standards.
Not natural
Even though it starts from castor oil, the PEG modification makes it a semi-synthetic ingredient, which may not appeal to those seeking a fully natural routine.
Best for
- People who use oil-based makeup or sunscreen and want a gentle cleanser that removes them without stripping
- Anyone looking for a stable, well-formulated moisturizer or lotion
Use caution if
- Individuals who specifically avoid PEG compounds due to personal preference or ethical sourcing concerns
Usage tips
Safety summary
PEG-100 Hydrogenated Castor Oil is considered safe for use in cosmetics at typical concentrations. The main safety discussion centers on potential trace impurities like 1,4-dioxane, which are strictly regulated and minimized by reputable manufacturers. Overall, it is well-tolerated and low-risk for irritation or clogged pores.
Research notes
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) panel has reviewed PEG compounds and concluded they are safe as used in cosmetics. Studies show low irritation and sensitization potential. No significant new research has raised concerns about this specific ingredient in recent years.
Common label clues
- Typical concentration
- 0.5% to 5% in leave-on products; up to 10% in rinse-off products
- Regulatory status
- Approved for use in cosmetics by the FDA and the European Commission. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) panel has deemed PEG compounds safe as used in cosmetics, with limits on residual 1,4-dioxane.
- Common uses
- Cleansers, Makeup removers, Moisturizers, Serums, Sunscreens
- Environmental note
- PEG compounds are generally biodegradable, but their production involves ethylene oxide, which is derived from fossil fuels. Some brands are moving toward bio-based PEG alternatives.
Good to know
- PEG-100 Hydrogenated Castor Oil is often used alongside other emulsifiers like Glyceryl Stearate to create a more stable emulsion.
- The '100' in the name refers to the average number of ethylene oxide units in the PEG chain, which affects its water solubility and texture.
Common questions
What is PEG-100 Hydrogenated Castor Oil in beauty products?
PEG-100 Hydrogenated Castor Oil is a modified version of castor oil that has been treated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to make it water-friendly. In skincare, it acts like a bridge between oil and water, allowing them to blend into a stable cream or lotion. It also helps cleanse the skin by trapping dirt and makeup so they rinse away easily. While generally gentle, some people prefer to avoid PEGs due to concerns about potential impurities from manufacturing.
What does PEG-100 Hydrogenated Castor Oil do in a beauty product?
It reduces the surface tension between oil and water, allowing them to form a stable emulsion. In cleansers, it also acts as a surfactant, helping to lift oil-based impurities and makeup from the skin so they can be rinsed away with water.
Is PEG-100 Hydrogenated Castor Oil safe for most people?
PEG-100 Hydrogenated Castor Oil is considered safe for use in cosmetics at typical concentrations. The main safety discussion centers on potential trace impurities like 1,4-dioxane, which are strictly regulated and minimized by reputable manufacturers. Overall, it is well-tolerated and low-risk for irritation or clogged pores.
Who should be careful with PEG-100 Hydrogenated Castor Oil?
Individuals who specifically avoid PEG compounds due to personal preference or ethical sourcing concerns
Research sources
Ingredient reviews are educational and are not medical advice. Patch test new products and ask a licensed clinician about persistent irritation, allergies, pregnancy-specific questions, or diagnosed skin conditions.