Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 1,342
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Emulsifier

PEG-60 Lanolin

PEG-60 Lanolin

3.8

A gentle, water-friendly lanolin derivative that helps blend oil and water in formulas without the heavy feel of traditional lanolin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-60 Passionflower Seed Glycerides

PEG-60 PASSIFLORA INCARNATA SEED GLYCERIDES

4.0

A gentle, semi-synthetic emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in skincare products while providing mild skin conditioning from passionflower seed oil.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-60 Sorbitan Stearate

PEG-60 Sorbitan Stearate

4.0

A gentle, water-loving emulsifier that helps create stable, non-greasy lotions and creams.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-60 Tsubakiate Glycerides

PEG-60 Tsubakiate Glycerides

4.0

A gentle, camellia-derived emulsifier that helps blend oil and water while leaving skin feeling soft and conditioned.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-65 Butylene Glycol Isostearate

PEG-65 Butylene Glycol Isostearate

3.5

A synthetic emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in products, generally well-tolerated but with limited research on long-term skin effects.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-66 Trihydroxystearin

PEG-66 Trihydroxystearin

4.0

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps keep your creams and lotions smooth and stable, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate

PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate

4.0

A gentle, coconut-derived emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in cleansers without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-7 Glyceryl Laurate

PEG-7 Glyceryl Laurate

4.0

A gentle emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and creams, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-7 Hydrogenated Castor Oil

PEG-7 HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL

4.0

A reliable, low-irritation emulsifier that helps rinse away oil-based impurities without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

PEG-7 Olivate

PEG-7 Olivate

4.0

A gentle, olive-derived emulsifier that helps rinse away oil and makeup without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

PEG-7 Olive Glycerides

PEG-7 OLIVE GLYCERIDES

4.0

A mild, olive-derived emulsifier that helps cleanse and condition skin without stripping natural oils.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

PEG-7 Sunflower Glycerides

PEG-7 Sunflower Glycerides

4.2

A mild, sunflower-derived emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in cleansers and creams, with low irritation potential.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

PEG-70 Lanolin

PEG-70 Lanolin

3.8

PEG-70 Lanolin is a modified lanolin that adds water-loving properties, making it a gentle emulsifier and skin softener, but it may raise concerns about ethoxylation byproducts.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-75 Beta-Sitosterol

PEG-75 Beta-Sitosterol

4.0

A gentle, water-soluble emulsifier derived from plant sterols that helps blend oil and water phases in skincare, with mild skin-conditioning benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-75 Distearate

PEG-75 Distearate

3.8

A safe, widely used synthetic emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in creams and lotions, but may be less ideal for very sensitive or acne-prone skin in high concentrations.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emollient

PEG-75 Lanolin

PEG-75 Lanolin

3.8

A versatile, water-friendly emollient derived from lanolin, but may be comedogenic for acne-prone skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollientemulsifier
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Emollient

PEG-75 Lanolin Oil

PEG-75 Lanolin Oil

3.8

A gentle, water-friendly emollient derived from lanolin that helps soften skin and blend oil and water in formulas.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollientemulsifier
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Emollient

PEG-75 Lanolin Wax

PEG-75 Lanolin Wax

3.8

A gentle, water-friendly emollient that helps soften skin and stabilize formulas, but may clog pores for some.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollientemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-75 Laurate

PEG-75 Laurate

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix water and oil, but may not suit those avoiding ethoxylated ingredients.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-75 Shea Butter Glycerides

PEG-75 Shea Butter Glycerides

4.0

A gentle, water-friendly version of shea butter that helps blend oil and water in formulas without leaving a greasy feel.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-75 Sorbitan Lanolate

PEG-75 SORBITAN LANOLATE

4.0

A gentle, water-soluble emulsifier derived from lanolin that helps blend oil and water in creams and cleansers, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-75 Sorbitan Laurate

PEG-75 Sorbitan Laurate

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix water and oil, but may not suit those avoiding ethoxylated ingredients.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-75 Soy Glycerides

PEG-75 SOY GLYCERIDES

4.0

A gentle, water-friendly emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in cleansers and creams, with low irritation potential.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-8 Behenate

PEG-8 Behenate

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps water and oil mix smoothly, but it offers no direct skin benefit beyond texture and stability.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-8 C12-18 Alkyl Ester

PEG-8 C12-18 Alkyl Ester

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy formulas but offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-8 Cetyl Dimethicone

PEG-8 Cetyl Dimethicone

4.0

A gentle silicone emulsifier that improves product texture and spreadability without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Skin Conditioning Agent

PEG-8 Cranberriate

PEG-8 CRANBERRIATE

3.8

A gentle, semi-synthetic ingredient that helps blend water and oil in formulas while offering mild skin conditioning from cranberry fatty acids.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-8 Di/Triricinoleate

PEG-8 DI/TRIRICINOLEATE

3.8

A gentle emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in your products, with a low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-8 Diisostearate

PEG-8 Diisostearate

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but may not suit those avoiding ethoxylated ingredients.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-8 Dilaurate

PEG-8 Dilaurate

3.8

PEG-8 Dilaurate is a safe, widely used emulsifier that helps products feel smooth and spread easily, but it may not suit those avoiding all PEG compounds.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-8 Dioleate

PEG-8 Dioleate

3.5

PEG-8 Dioleate is a safe, widely used emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in creams and lotions, but it may not suit those avoiding synthetic PEG compounds.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-8 Ditallate

PEG-8 Ditallate

3.5

PEG-8 Ditallate is a reliable emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but its PEG component and tall oil source may raise concerns for some users.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-8 Dodecenylsuccinate

PEG-8 DODECENYLSUCCINATE

3.8

A synthetic emulsifier that helps blend water and oil in your skincare products, generally considered safe and non-irritating at typical levels.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-8 Glyceryl Isostearate

PEG-8 Glyceryl Isostearate

4.0

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that creates stable, creamy textures — generally safe and well-tolerated.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-8 Glyceryl Laurate

PEG-8 Glyceryl Laurate

4.0

A gentle emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in your products, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-8 Glyceryl Trilaureate

PEG-8 Glyceryl Trilaureate

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in your products, but it's not a star active ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-8 Hydrogenated Castor Oil

PEG-8 HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL

4.0

A well-tolerated emulsifier that helps mix oils and water, making it a staple in many cleansers and creams.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

PEG-8 Isostearate

PEG-8 Isostearate

3.8

A safe, effective emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy textures, but may not suit those avoiding ethoxylated ingredients.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-8 Laurate

PEG-8 Laurate

3.5

PEG-8 Laurate is a gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but may be contaminated with impurities in low-quality grades.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-8 Linoleate

PEG-8 Linoleate

3.8

PEG-8 Linoleate is a gentle emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in skincare products, but its PEG component raises mild environmental and purity concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-8 PPG-8 Dimethicone

PEG-8 PPG-8 Dimethicone

4.0

A gentle silicone emulsifier that improves product texture and spreadability without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-8 Sesquioleate

PEG-8 Sesquioleate

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in creams and cleansers, but may not suit those avoiding ethoxylated ingredients.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-80 Stearate

PEG-80 Stearate

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix water and oil, generally safe for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-82 Glyceryl Tallowate

PEG-82 Glyceryl Tallowate

3.5

A workhorse emulsifier that helps oil and water mix, but its animal-derived origin and potential for ethoxylation impurities may give some users pause.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-9 Avocadoate

PEG-9 Avocadoate

3.8

A gentle emulsifier derived from avocado oil that helps blend water and oil in formulas, with low irritation potential.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-9 Borageate

PEG-9 Borageate

3.8

PEG-9 Borageate is a gentle emulsifier that helps blend water and oil in skincare, with mild skin-conditioning benefits from borage seed oil.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

PEG-9 Butylene Glycol Laurate

PEG-9 Butylene Glycol Laurate

4.0

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in creams and cleansers, generally well-tolerated by most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-9 Cocoglycerides

PEG-9 Cocoglycerides

4.0

A gentle, coconut-derived emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in cleansers and creams, with low irritation potential.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-9 Dimethicone

PEG-9 Dimethicone

4.0

A gentle silicone emulsifier that improves product texture and spreadability without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-9 Distearate

PEG-9 Distearate

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in creams and lotions, but may not suit those avoiding ethoxylated ingredients.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-9 Glyceryl Isostearate

PEG-9 Glyceryl Isostearate

3.8

A reliable emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy textures, but may be too heavy for very oily or acne-prone skin in high concentrations.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-9 Glyceryl Laurate

PEG-9 Glyceryl Laurate

4.0

A gentle emulsifier that helps mix water and oil, generally well-tolerated and safe for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-9 Isostearate

PEG-9 Isostearate

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps create stable, smooth creams and lotions, but may be too heavy for very oily or acne-prone skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-9 Oliveate

PEG-9 OLIVEATE

4.0

A mild, olive-derived emulsifier that helps cleanse without stripping the skin, but may not suit everyone due to its PEG component.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-90 Diisostearate

PEG-90 Diisostearate

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps blend oil and water, but may not suit those avoiding ethoxylated ingredients.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PEG-90 Glyceryl Isostearate

PEG-90 Glyceryl Isostearate

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps create smooth, stable formulas, but its PEG component raises mild environmental and purity concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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