Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 2,268
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Emollient

Cetyl Isononanoate

Cetyl Isononanoate

4.0

A lightweight, non-greasy emollient that softens skin and improves product texture without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Cetyl Kombo Butterate

Cetyl Kombo Butterate

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived emollient that helps soften and smooth skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cetyl Lactate

Cetyl Lactate

4.0

Cetyl Lactate is a gentle, non-greasy emollient that helps keep skin soft and smooth without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Cetyl Laurate

Cetyl Laurate

4.0

Cetyl Laurate is a lightweight, non-greasy emollient that helps soften and smooth the skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Cetyl Myristate

Cetyl Myristate

4.0

Cetyl Myristate is a gentle emollient that softens skin and improves product texture with a low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Cetyl Myristoleate

Cetyl Myristoleate

3.8

Cetyl Myristoleate is a gentle emollient that helps soften and smooth skin, with some research suggesting it may support joint health when taken orally, but its topical benefits are primarily moisturizing.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cetyl Oleate

Cetyl Oleate

4.0

Cetyl Oleate is a gentle emollient that softens skin and helps products spread smoothly, but it may clog pores for acne-prone individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cetyl Palmitate

Cetyl Palmitate

4.0

Cetyl Palmitate is a gentle emollient that helps moisturize and thicken formulas, but it may clog pores for some skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cetyl Palmitoleate

Cetyl Palmitoleate

4.0

A gentle, non-greasy emollient that helps soften and smooth skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Humectant

Cetyl PCA

Cetyl PCA

4.3

Cetyl PCA is a gentle humectant that pulls moisture into the skin and leaves it feeling smooth without greasiness.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cetyl Ricinoleate

Cetyl Ricinoleate

4.0

Cetyl Ricinoleate is a gentle, non-greasy emollient that helps soften and smooth skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cetyl Ricinoleate Benzoate

Cetyl Ricinoleate Benzoate

4.0

A gentle, non-greasy emollient that improves product texture and helps pigments spread evenly, with a very low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cetyl Stearate

Cetyl Stearate

4.0

A gentle, waxy ingredient that helps creams feel smooth and rich without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cetyl Tallowate

Cetyl Tallowate

3.8

Cetyl Tallowate is a rich emollient that softens skin but may be too heavy for oily or acne-prone types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Cetyl-PG Hydroxyethyl Decanamide

CETYL-PG HYDROXYETHYL DECANAMIDE

4.0

A gentle synthetic emollient that softens skin and improves product texture without common irritation or clogging concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Skin barrier repair

Cetyl-PG Hydroxyethyl Palmitamide

CETYL-PG HYDROXYETHYL PALMITAMIDE

4.3

A synthetic ceramide mimic that strengthens the skin barrier and reduces moisture loss, ideal for dry or sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Cetyloxy Dimethicone

Cetyloxy Dimethicone

4.0

A gentle silicone that smooths and softens skin without clogging pores, ideal for dry or sensitive types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Cherry Seed Oil

Prunus Cerasus Seed Oil

4.0

Cherry seed oil is a gentle, non-greasy moisturizer rich in antioxidants and essential fatty acids, suitable for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Chia Seed Oil

Salvia Hispanica Seed Oil

4.0

Chia Seed Oil is a lightweight, non-greasy oil that hydrates and soothes skin, making it a great choice for sensitive or dry skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Chicory Seed Oil

Cichorium Intybus Seed Oil

4.0

Chicory seed oil is a gentle, plant-based emollient that helps soften and condition skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Chimyl Alcohol

Chimyl Alcohol

3.8

Chimyl Alcohol is a gentle emollient that softens and smooths skin, but its sourcing from shark liver raises sustainability concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Chimyl Isostearate

Chimyl Isostearate

4.0

Chimyl Isostearate is a gentle, non-greasy emollient that helps soften and smooth the skin with a low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Chimyl Stearate

Chimyl Stearate

4.0

Chimyl Stearate is a gentle emollient that helps soften and condition skin without clogging pores, making it a safe choice for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Chlorella Minutissima Oil

Chlorella Minutissima Oil

4.0

A lightweight, nutrient-rich oil from microalgae that hydrates and defends skin without feeling greasy.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Cholesterol

CHOLESTEROL

4.5

Cholesterol is a skin-identical lipid that strengthens the moisture barrier and soothes dryness without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Cholesterol Ester Complex

C10-40 Hydroxyalkyl Acid Cholesterol Esters

4.0

A cholesterol-based emollient that helps restore the skin barrier, making it ideal for dry or compromised skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cholesterol/Lanosterol Esters

C10-30 Cholesterol/Lanosterol Esters

4.2

A skin-friendly ester blend that mimics natural lipids to strengthen the skin barrier and lock in moisture.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cholesteryl Acetate

CHOLESTERYL ACETATE

4.0

Cholesteryl Acetate is a gentle, cholesterol-based emollient that supports the skin barrier and helps lock in moisture without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cholesteryl Butyrate

CHOLESTERYL BUTYRATE

4.0

Cholesteryl butyrate is a gentle, barrier-supporting lipid that may help calm and moisturize skin, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cholesteryl C16-18 Alkenyl Succinate

Cholesteryl C16-18 Alkenyl Succinate

4.0

A gentle, cholesterol-based emollient that helps reinforce the skin barrier and improve moisture retention without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cholesteryl Glucoside

Cholesteryl Glucoside

4.3

A gentle, skin-friendly lipid that supports the skin barrier and locks in moisture without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cholesteryl Hydroxystearate

Cholesteryl Hydroxystearate

4.0

A gentle, cholesterol-based emollient that mimics the skin's natural lipids to support barrier function without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cholesteryl Isostearate

Cholesteryl Isostearate

4.2

A gentle, cholesterol-based emollient that helps reinforce the skin barrier without clogging pores, making it suitable for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cholesteryl Isostearyl Carbonate

Cholesteryl Isostearyl Carbonate

4.0

A gentle, non-greasy emollient that improves product feel and skin softness, with a low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Cholesteryl Lanolate

CHOLESTERYL LANOLATE

4.0

A gentle, lanolin-derived emollient that helps restore the skin barrier and lock in moisture, but may be too rich for oily or acne-prone skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Cholesteryl Macadamiate

Cholesteryl Macadamiate

4.0

A gentle, cholesterol-based emollient that mimics the skin's natural lipids to improve softness and barrier function without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cholesteryl Nonanoate

CHOLESTERYL NONANOATE

4.0

A gentle, cholesterol-based emollient that helps reinforce the skin barrier without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cholesteryl Oleate

Cholesteryl Oleate

4.0

Cholesteryl Oleate is a skin-friendly lipid that helps reinforce the skin barrier and soften the skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cholesteryl Stearate

Cholesteryl Stearate

4.0

Cholesteryl Stearate is a gentle emollient that mimics the skin's natural lipids to support barrier function without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cholesteryl Succinate

Cholesteryl Succinate

4.0

A gentle cholesterol-based ingredient that helps reinforce the skin's natural barrier and lock in moisture.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cistus Flower Wax

CISTUS LADANIFERUS FLOWER CERA

4.0

A gentle plant wax that helps lock in moisture and gives products a smooth, creamy texture without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Citrus Sunki Seed Oil

CITRUS SUNKI SEED OIL

3.8

A gentle, antioxidant-rich oil from a rare citrus seed that helps moisturize and protect the skin, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Clary Sage Wax

Salvia Sclarea Flower/Leaf/Stem Wax

4.0

A gentle plant wax that adds richness and stability to balms and creams without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Cloudberry Seed Oil

RUBUS CHAMAEMORUS SEED OIL

4.3

Cloudberry seed oil is a lightweight, antioxidant-rich oil that helps nourish and protect the skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Coco-Caprylate

Coco-Caprylate

4.3

Coco-Caprylate is a gentle, coconut-derived emollient that provides a silky, non-greasy feel, making it a popular silicone alternative in skincare and haircare.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Coco-Glycerides Blend

Caprylic/Capric/Coco Glycerides

4.5

A gentle, coconut-derived emollient that softens skin without clogging pores, ideal for dry or sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Coco-Oleate Estolides

Coco-Oleate Estolides

4.3

A lightweight, plant-based emollient that softens skin without clogging pores or leaving a greasy residue.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Coco-Rapeseedate

COCO-RAPESEEDATE

4.3

A mild, plant-based emollient that softens skin without clogging pores, ideal for sensitive and dry skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Cocoa Butter

THEOBROMA CACAO SEED BUTTER

4.3

Cocoa butter is a classic, deeply moisturizing emollient that softens skin and helps protect its barrier, but it can be comedogenic for some people.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Cocoa Butter PEG-8 Esters

Cocoa Butter PEG-8 Esters

4.0

A gentle, water-friendly emollient that delivers cocoa butter's moisturizing benefits in a lighter, less greasy form.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Cocoglycerides

Cocoglycerides

4.5

A mild, coconut-derived emollient that helps moisturize and soften skin with a low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Coconut Alkanes

Coco-Caprylate/Caprate

4.5

A gentle, plant-based emollient that hydrates without clogging pores, ideal for sensitive and oily skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Humectant

Coconut Fruit Extract

Cocos Nucifera Fruit/Fruit Juice Extract

4.0

A gentle, hydrating extract from coconut fruit that helps soften and soothe skin without the heavy feel of coconut oil.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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