Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 2,268
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Emollient

PEG-5 Brazil Nut Oil Esters

PEG-5 BERTHOLLETIA EXCELSA SEED OIL GLYCERYL ESTERS

4.0

A gentle, semi-synthetic emollient that helps moisturize and stabilize formulas without feeling greasy.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-5 Ethylhexanoate

PEG-5 Ethylhexanoate

3.8

A gentle synthetic emollient that helps products feel silky without heavy greasiness, but offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-5 Hydrogenated Lanolin

PEG-5 Hydrogenated Lanolin

3.8

A gentle, modified lanolin that softens skin and helps blend water and oil, but may clog pores in acne-prone individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-5 Isononanoate

PEG-5 Isononanoate

3.8

A synthetic emollient that helps products feel silky and spread easily, generally well-tolerated but not a standout active ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-5 Lanolate

PEG-5 Lanolate

3.5

PEG-5 Lanolate is a gentle, water-friendly emollient that helps soften skin and stabilize formulas, but may be moderately clogging for acne-prone skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollientemulsifier
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Emollient

PEG-5 Lanolin

PEG-5 Lanolin

3.8

PEG-5 Lanolin is a water-friendly version of lanolin that softens skin and helps blend oil and water, but it may clog pores for some people.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-5 Pentaerythrityl Dendrimer

PEG-5 PENTAERYTHRITYL DMPA-2 CAPRATE/CAPRYLATE DENDRIMER

4.0

A high-tech synthetic ingredient that helps other active ingredients penetrate better while providing a silky, non-greasy feel.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollientdelivery agent
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Emollient

PEG-5 Tricapryl Citrate

PEG-5 TRICAPRYL CITRATE

4.0

A gentle, semi-synthetic ingredient that helps products feel smooth and spread easily without clogging pores or causing irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-5 Tricetyl Citrate

PEG-5 TRICETYL CITRATE

3.8

A gentle synthetic emollient that helps soften skin and improve product texture, with a low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-5 Tsubakiate Glycerides

PEG-5 TSUBAKIATE GLYCERIDES

4.0

A gentle, oil-derived emollient that softens skin and hair without feeling heavy, with low irritation potential.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

PEG-50 Shea Butter

PEG-50 Shea Butter

3.8

A gentle, water-friendly emollient that brings shea butter's moisturizing feel to rinse-off products without greasiness.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-6 Caprylate/Caprate

PEG-6 Caprylate/Caprate

4.0

A gentle, water-friendly emollient that helps products spread smoothly without leaving a greasy feel.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

PEG-6 Glyceryl Caprate

PEG-6 Glyceryl Caprate

4.0

A gentle, water-friendly emollient that helps products spread smoothly without leaving a greasy feel.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollientsurfactant
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Emollient

PEG-6 Lanolate

PEG-6 Lanolate

3.8

A gentle, lanolin-derived emollient that helps moisturize and stabilize products, but may be comedogenic for some.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

PEG-60 Almond Glycerides

PEG-60 ALMOND GLYCERIDES

4.0

A gentle, water-friendly emollient that softens skin and improves rinse-off product feel without heavy residue.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-60 Shea Butter Glycerides

PEG-60 Shea Butter Glycerides

4.0

A gentle, water-soluble shea butter derivative that moisturizes without clogging pores, ideal for sensitive and acne-prone skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-7 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides

PEG-7 Caprylic/Capric Glycerides

4.0

A gentle, water-friendly emollient that helps hydrate and soften skin without clogging pores, commonly used in rinse-off and leave-on products.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollientsurfactant
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Emollient

PEG-7 Cocoglycerides

PEG-7 Cocoglycerides

4.0

A gentle, water-friendly emollient that helps cleanse without stripping the skin's natural moisture barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-7 Cupuaçu Butter Glycerides

PEG-7 Theobroma Grandiflorum Seed Butter Glyceryl Esters

4.0

A gentle, PEG-modified butter that cleanses without stripping and leaves skin soft—great for sensitive types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-7 Dimethicone

PEG-7 Dimethicone

4.0

A gentle, water-soluble silicone that makes products feel silky without heavy buildup.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-7 Lanolate

PEG-7 Lanolate

3.8

A gentle, water-soluble lanolin derivative that softens skin and helps cleanse without stripping, but may clog pores for some.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-7 Propylheptyl Ether

PEG-7 PROPYLHEPTYL ETHER

3.8

A gentle synthetic emollient that improves product feel without heavy residue, but offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-70 Hydrogenated Lanolin

PEG-70 Hydrogenated Lanolin

3.8

A gentle, water-friendly lanolin derivative that hydrates and softens skin without the heavy feel of traditional lanolin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-70 Mango Glycerides

PEG-70 MANGO GLYCERIDES

4.0

A gentle, water-soluble emollient from mango oil that adds softness without greasiness, ideal for rinse-off products.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

PEG-75 Lanolin

PEG-75 Lanolin

3.8

A versatile, water-friendly emollient derived from lanolin, but may be comedogenic for acne-prone skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollientemulsifier
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Emollient

PEG-75 Lanolin Oil

PEG-75 Lanolin Oil

3.8

A gentle, water-friendly emollient derived from lanolin that helps soften skin and blend oil and water in formulas.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollientemulsifier
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Emollient

PEG-75 Lanolin Wax

PEG-75 Lanolin Wax

3.8

A gentle, water-friendly emollient that helps soften skin and stabilize formulas, but may clog pores for some.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollientemulsifier
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Emollient

PEG-75 Meadowfoam Oil

PEG-75 MEADOWFOAM OIL

4.0

A gentle, water-soluble emollient that adds softness without greasiness, ideal for rinse-off products.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-75 Shorea Butter Glycerides

PEG-75 SHOREA BUTTER GLYCERIDES

4.0

A gentle, water-friendly emollient that softens skin without a greasy feel, commonly used in rinse-off and leave-on products.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-8 Avocadoate

PEG-8 Avocadoate

4.0

A gentle, avocado-derived emollient that helps soften skin and improve the feel of cleansers and moisturizers.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-8 Caprate

PEG-8 Caprate

3.5

PEG-8 Caprate is a mild synthetic emollient that helps products feel silky and spread easily, but it may raise concerns for those avoiding PEGs or ethoxylated ingredients.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-8 Caprylate

PEG-8 Caprylate

4.0

PEG-8 Caprylate is a gentle, synthetic ingredient that helps products feel smooth and spread easily without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-8 Caprylate/Caprate

PEG-8 Caprylate/Caprate

4.0

A gentle, synthetic ingredient that helps products feel smooth and spread easily without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-8 Dicocoate

PEG-8 Dicocoate

3.8

PEG-8 Dicocoate is a gentle, coconut-derived emollient and emulsifier that helps products spread smoothly and feel less greasy, but its PEG component raises mild environmental and purity concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-8 Hydrogenated Fish Glycerides

PEG-8 Hydrogenated Fish Glycerides

3.8

A gentle, fish-derived emollient that helps moisturize and stabilize formulas, but may not suit strict vegans or those with fish allergies.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-8 Lanolate

PEG-8 Lanolate

3.5

A gentle, water-friendly emollient derived from lanolin, but may be comedogenic for acne-prone skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-8 Linolenate

PEG-8 Linolenate

3.8

A gentle synthetic emollient that helps soften skin and stabilize formulas, but offers no unique benefits over more common alternatives.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-8 Myristate

PEG-8 Myristate

3.8

PEG-8 Myristate is a safe, synthetic emollient that helps products feel smooth and spread easily, but it may be less ideal for those avoiding ethoxylated ingredients.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-8 Raspberriate

PEG-8 Raspberriate

3.8

A gentle, semi-synthetic emollient derived from raspberry seed oil that helps soften and condition skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-8 Trisiloxane

PEG-8 Trisiloxane

4.0

PEG-8 Trisiloxane is a lightweight silicone that helps products glide on smoothly without a greasy feel, but it may not suit everyone due to potential buildup or sensitivity to silicones.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollientsurfactant
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Emollient

PEG-85 Lanolin

PEG-85 Lanolin

3.8

A water-friendly version of lanolin that softens skin and helps blend oils and water, but may not suit those with wool allergies or sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollientsurfactant
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Emollient

PEG-9 Butyloctanoate

PEG-9 Butyloctanoate

3.8

A gentle synthetic emollient that helps products feel silky and spread smoothly without heavy greasiness.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-9 Grapeseedate

PEG-9 GRAPESEEDATE

3.8

A gentle, semi-synthetic emollient that helps products spread smoothly and feel less greasy than pure oils.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG-9 Octyldodecanoate

PEG-9 Octyldodecanoate

3.8

A gentle synthetic emollient that helps products feel smooth and spread easily, with low irritation potential.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Humectant

PEG/PPG-10/65 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-10/65 Copolymer

3.8

A gentle synthetic polymer that helps products feel silky and spread smoothly, while also providing light hydration.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollienthumectant
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Emollient

PEG/PPG-15/15 Acetate

PEG/PPG-15/15 Acetate

3.5

A safe, synthetic emollient that helps products feel silky and spread easily, but offers no active skin benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG/PPG-15/15 Acetate Dimethicone

PEG/PPG-15/15 Acetate Dimethicone

4.0

A gentle silicone that gives skin and hair a silky, smooth feel without clogging pores, but may not be ideal for those avoiding silicones.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircareemollient
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Emollient

PEG/PPG-19/21 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-19/21 Copolymer

3.8

A gentle synthetic polymer that helps products feel smooth and spread easily without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

PEG/PPG-4/12 Dimethicone

PEG/PPG-4/12 Dimethicone

4.0

A gentle silicone that improves product feel and spreadability, generally well-tolerated by most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehaircareemollient
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Emollient

Pelargonium Graveolens Cera

PELARGONIUM GRAVEOLENS CERA

4.0

A gentle plant-based wax that adds richness and a subtle floral scent to skincare formulas without common irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

Pelargonium Graveolens Wax

PELARGONIUM GRAVEOLENS WAX

4.0

A gentle, naturally derived wax that helps thicken and stabilize balms and creams while adding a light floral scent.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareemollienttexturizer
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Emollient

Pellis Lipida

Pellis Lipida

4.0

A skin-identical lipid blend that helps restore the moisture barrier and reduce water loss.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareemollient
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