Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 20,769
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Humectant

PPG-14 Diglyceryl Ether

PPG-14 DIGLYCERYL ETHER

4.0

A gentle, synthetic humectant that pulls moisture into the skin without feeling sticky or heavy.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PPG-15 Buteth-20

PPG-15 BUTETH-20

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps mix water and oil, but may not suit those avoiding ethoxylated ingredients.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PPG-15 Isostearate

PPG-15 Isostearate

3.8

A synthetic emollient that helps products feel silky and spread easily, but may be slightly clogging for acne-prone skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PPG-15 Stearate

PPG-15 Stearate

4.0

A gentle synthetic emollient that helps products feel smooth and spread easily without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
Read ingredient review

Skin Conditioning Agent

PPG-16

PPG-16

4.0

PPG-16 is a safe, synthetic ingredient that helps other ingredients spread and absorb, but it offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresolvent
Read ingredient review

Humectant

PPG-16 Glyceryl Ether

PPG-16 Glyceryl Ether

4.0

A gentle, synthetic humectant that attracts moisture to the skin without feeling sticky or heavy.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-16/PEG-2 Lauryl Ether Sulfate

SODIUM PPG-16/PEG-2 LAURYL ETHER SULFATE

3.5

A mild-to-moderate synthetic cleanser that effectively removes dirt and oil but may cause irritation for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleanser
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PPG-17 Dioleate

PPG-17 Dioleate

3.5

A synthetic emollient that helps products feel silky and spread easily, but offers no active skin benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
Read ingredient review

Solvent

PPG-17-Buteth-17

PPG-17-BUTETH-17

3.8

A safe, synthetic solvent that helps dissolve other ingredients and leaves a light, non-greasy feel on skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresolvent
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PPG-17/IPDI/DMPA Copolymer

PPG-17/IPDI/DMPA Copolymer

3.8

A synthetic polymer that helps makeup and sunscreen stay put longer, but offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Humectant

PPG-18 Diglyceryl Ether

PPG-18 Diglyceryl Ether

4.0

A gentle synthetic humectant that pulls moisture into the skin without feeling sticky or greasy.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-19-Buteth-19

PPG-19-BUTETH-19

3.8

A mild synthetic emulsifier that helps cleansers and shampoos mix oil and water without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Skin conditioning agent

PPG-2 Arginine

PPG-2 Arginine

3.8

PPG-2 Arginine is a gentle, modified amino acid that helps keep skin and hair soft, smooth, and hydrated without irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareconditioning agent
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 C12-13 Pareth-8

PPG-2 C12-13 PARETH-8

3.8

A synthetic cleansing agent that helps remove dirt and oil, but may be drying for sensitive or dry skin types.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 C12-15 Pareth-6

PPG-2 C12-15 Pareth-6

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and lotions, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 C9-11 Pareth-11

PPG-2 C9-11 PARETH-11

3.8

A synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but may cause mild irritation for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 C9-11 Pareth-5

PPG-2 C9-11 Pareth-5

3.8

A synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but may be mildly drying or irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 C9-11 Pareth-7

PPG-2 C9-11 PARETH-7

3.5

A synthetic cleansing agent that helps products foam and rinse clean, but may be drying for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 C9-11 Pareth-8

PPG-2 C9-11 PARETH-8

3.8

A mild synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and lotions, generally well-tolerated by most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PPG-2 Ceteth-20

PPG-2-CETETH-20

3.5

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps keep your products smooth and stable, but offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PPG-2 Ceteth-5

PPG-2-CETETH-5

3.5

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps keep your skincare products stable and well-mixed, but it offers no direct skin benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Cocamide

PPG-2 Cocamide

3.5

PPG-2 Cocamide helps cleansers foam and mix oil with water, but it can be drying or irritating for sensitive skin types.

Irritation

moderate

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Cocamine

PPG-2 Cocamine

3.5

A mild surfactant that helps cleanse and condition, but may cause irritation for sensitive skin at higher concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Deceth-10

PPG-2-DECETH-10

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps cleansers and lotions mix oil and water without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Deceth-40

PPG-2-DECETH-40

3.5

A synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but may be drying or irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Deceth-50

PPG-2-DECETH-50

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and lotions, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PPG-2 Dimethicone

PPG-2 Dimethicone

4.0

A gentle silicone that smooths skin and improves product feel without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PPG-2 Diurethane

BIS-(C12-14 ALKYL PPG-2) HEXAMETHYLENEDIUREA

3.8

A synthetic film-former that helps products stay put and resist water, but offers no active skincare benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Humectant

PPG-2 Glyceryl Ether

PPG-2 Glyceryl Ether

3.8

A gentle synthetic humectant that helps keep skin hydrated without the stickiness of glycerin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Hydrogenated Tallowamine

PPG-2 HYDROGENATED TALLOWAMINE

3.5

A synthetic conditioning ingredient that can improve hair feel but may cause irritation or clog pores for some skin types.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Hydroxyethyl Cocamide

PPG-2 HYDROXYETHYL COCAMIDE

4.0

A gentle, coconut-derived surfactant that helps create a rich lather and improve the feel of cleansers without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PPG-2 Isoceteth-20 Acetate

PPG-2 ISOCETETH-20 ACETATE

4.0

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps water and oil mix, making your cleansers and creams smooth and stable.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Isodeceth-25

PPG-2-ISODECETH-25

3.5

A mild synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and lotions, generally well-tolerated.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Isodeceth-4

PPG-2-ISODECETH-4

3.5

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and shampoos, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Isodeceth-6

PPG-2-ISODECETH-6

3.5

A mild synthetic emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in cleansers and lotions, generally well-tolerated by most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PPG-2 Isostearate

PPG-2 Isostearate

3.8

A synthetic emollient that improves texture and spreadability, but may be moderately pore-clogging for some skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PPG-2 Lanolin Alcohol Ether

PPG-2 Lanolin Alcohol Ether

3.8

A gentle, lanolin-derived emollient that softens skin but may be too heavy for oily or acne-prone types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Laureth-12

PPG-2-Laureth-12

3.5

PPG-2 Laureth-12 is a synthetic emulsifier that helps cleansers foam and rinse clean, but it can be drying or irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansingemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Laureth-5

PPG-2-Laureth-5

3.5

A synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water; generally safe but may cause mild irritation for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Laureth-8

PPG-2-Laureth-8

3.5

PPG-2 Laureth-8 is a synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers, but may be slightly drying for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Lauryl Ether Maleamide

PPG-2 LAURYL ETHER MALEAMIDE

3.5

A mild synthetic ingredient that helps hair feel soft and smooth, but it's not a star player and is best understood as part of a larger formula.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Solvent

PPG-2 Methyl Ether Acetate

PPG-2 Methyl Ether Acetate

3.5

A fast-evaporating solvent that helps products spread and dry quickly, but can be drying or irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresolvent
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PPG-2 Myristyl Ether Propionate

PPG-2 MYRISTYL ETHER PROPIONATE

4.0

A gentle synthetic emollient that helps skin feel soft and smooth without clogging pores, commonly used in moisturizers and cleansers.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PPG-2 Neopentyl Glycol Diacrylate

PPG-2 NEOPENTYL GLYCOL DIACRYLATE

3.0

A synthetic film former used in nail products; effective for durability but may cause irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautynail carefilm former
Read ingredient review

Solvent

PPG-2 Phenyl Ether

PPG-2 Phenyl Ether

3.8

A gentle synthetic ingredient that helps products spread smoothly and feel lightweight on skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresolvent
Read ingredient review

Solvent

PPG-2 Propyl Ether

PPG-2 Propyl Ether

3.5

A gentle synthetic solvent that helps other ingredients spread evenly without leaving a greasy feel.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresolvent
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Tallowamine

PPG-2 TALLOWAMINE

3.0

PPG-2 Tallowamine is an effective emulsifier but may cause irritation for sensitive skin and is not suitable for those avoiding animal-derived ingredients.

Irritation

moderate

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Tocophereth-5

PPG-2 Tocophereth-5

4.0

A mild, vitamin-E-derived cleansing agent that helps remove dirt and oil without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactantantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2-Buteth-1

PPG-2-Buteth-1

3.5

A mild synthetic surfactant that helps products spread and rinse cleanly, but offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2-Buteth-2

PPG-2-Buteth-2

3.5

A mild synthetic surfactant that helps cleansers foam and rinse cleanly, but offers no skin benefit beyond cleansing.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2-Buteth-3

PPG-2-Buteth-3

3.5

A mild synthetic helper that blends oil and water, generally safe but not a star ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PPG-2-Ceteareth-9

PPG-2-CETEARETH-9

3.8

A workhorse emulsifier that helps water and oil mix in your creams and cleansers, generally well-tolerated but not a star active ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PPG-2-Ceteth-1

PPG-2-CETETH-1

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in creams and lotions, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review