Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 20,769
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Film Former

Polysilicone-34

POLYSILICONE-34

3.8

Polysilicone-34 is a gentle silicone that helps products glide on smoothly and stay put, but it may not suit those who prefer silicone-free routines.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polysilicone-4

Polysilicone-4

4.0

Polysilicone-4 is a gentle silicone that helps products spread smoothly and feel silky, but it may not suit those who prefer silicone-free routines.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polysilicone-5

POLYSILICONE-5

3.8

Polysilicone-5 is a gentle film-forming silicone that helps products spread smoothly and resist water, but it may not suit those avoiding silicones.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polysilicone-6

POLYSILICONE-6

4.0

Polysilicone-6 is a gentle silicone that helps products glide on smoothly and leaves skin or hair feeling silky without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polysilicone-7

POLYSILICONE-7

4.0

Polysilicone-7 is a gentle film-forming silicone that helps products spread smoothly and resist water, but it may not suit those avoiding silicones entirely.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polysilicone-8

POLYSILICONE-8

4.0

Polysilicone-8 is a gentle silicone that creates a smooth, breathable film on skin and hair, improving texture without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polysilicone-9

POLYSILICONE-9

4.0

Polysilicone-9 is a gentle silicone that smooths skin and hair without heavy buildup, making it a good option for lightweight formulas.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Polysorbate

Polysorbate 20, Polysorbate 60, Polysorbate 80

4.0

Polysorbates are widely used, gentle emulsifiers that keep your skincare products stable and easy to rinse off.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Polysorbate 20

Polysorbate 20

4.2

Polysorbate 20 is a widely used, gentle emulsifier that helps mix water and oil, making it a staple in many cleansers and lotions.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Polysorbate 20 Dicinnamate

Polysorbate 20 Dicinnamate

3.8

A hybrid ingredient that helps blend water and oil while offering mild UV protection, but research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Polysorbate 40

Polysorbate 40

4.0

Polysorbate 40 is a gentle emulsifier that keeps oil and water mixed in your products, but it may be too rich for very oily or acne-prone skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Polysorbate 60

Polysorbate 60

4.0

Polysorbate 60 is a gentle, widely used emulsifier that keeps oil and water mixed in creams and lotions without causing irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Polysorbate 61

Polysorbate 61

4.0

Polysorbate 61 is a gentle emulsifier that keeps oil and water mixed in creams and lotions, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Polysorbate 65

Polysorbate 65

4.0

Polysorbate 65 is a gentle emulsifier that keeps oil and water mixed in creams and lotions, with a very low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Polysorbate 80

Polysorbate 80

4.0

Polysorbate 80 is a widely used, gentle emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in skincare, but it can be slightly drying for very sensitive skin at high concentrations.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Polysorbate 80 Acetate

POLYSORBATE 80 ACETATE

4.0

A gentle emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in skincare, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Polysorbate 80 Dicinnamate

Polysorbate 80 Dicinnamate

3.5

A gentle emulsifier with antioxidant potential, but research on its skin benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Polysorbate 81

Polysorbate 81

4.0

Polysorbate 81 is a gentle emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in products, with a low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Polysorbate 85

Polysorbate 85

4.0

Polysorbate 85 is a gentle emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in formulas, with a low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polystearyl Methacrylate

Polystearyl Methacrylate

3.8

A synthetic film-former that helps makeup last longer and resist water, but may feel heavy on very oily skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Polystichum Polyblepharum Extract

Polystichum Polyblepharum Extract

3.8

A gentle, fern-derived antioxidant that may help calm skin and fight environmental stress, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polystyrene

POLYSTYRENE

2.5

Polystyrene is a synthetic plastic used mainly in nail polish and peel-off masks; it's generally safe in small amounts but raises environmental concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurea Crosspolymer-1

Polyurea Crosspolymer-1

3.8

A synthetic polymer that helps products stay put longer, but offers no active skincare benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurea Crosspolymer-2

Polyurea Crosspolymer-2

3.8

A synthetic film-former that helps makeup and sunscreen stay put longer, but offers no active skincare benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurea Crosspolymer-3

POLYUREA CROSSPOLYMER-3

3.8

A synthetic film-former that helps makeup and sunscreen last longer, but offers no active skincare benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecosmetic
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurea Crosspolymer-4

Polyurea Crosspolymer-4

3.8

A synthetic polymer that helps products spread smoothly and stay put, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurea Crosspolymer-5

POLYUREA CROSSPOLYMER-5

3.8

Polyurea Crosspolymer-5 is a synthetic polymer that helps makeup and skincare products last longer and feel smoother on the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane

Polyurethane

3.8

Polyurethane is a synthetic film-former that helps makeup and sunscreen stay put longer without feeling heavy or sticky.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane Crosspolymer-1

Polyurethane Crosspolymer-1

4.0

A gentle synthetic polymer that gives a smooth, flexible finish to makeup and skincare without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane Film Former

HEA IPDI Isocyanurate Trimer/Polycaprolactone Diol Copolymer

3.8

A synthetic polymer that creates a flexible, water-resistant film on skin or lashes, commonly used in long-wear and waterproof cosmetics.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-33

Polyurethane-33

3.8

Polyurethane-33 is a synthetic film former that helps makeup and sunscreen stay put longer, but it may feel heavy on some skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-36

Polyurethane-36

3.8

A synthetic polymer that helps makeup and sunscreen stay put without feeling heavy or stiff.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-37

Polyurethane-37

3.8

Polyurethane-37 is a synthetic film-former that helps makeup and sunscreen stay put without feeling heavy or sticky.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-38

POLYURETHANE-38

3.8

Polyurethane-38 is a synthetic film-former that helps makeup last longer and resist water, but it may feel heavy on some skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-41

Polyurethane-41

3.8

Polyurethane-41 is a safe, flexible film-former that helps makeup and sunscreen stay put without feeling heavy or stiff.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-42

Polyurethane-42

3.8

A synthetic film-former that helps makeup and skincare stay put without feeling heavy or sticky.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-43

Polyurethane-43

3.5

Polyurethane-43 is a synthetic film former that helps makeup and sunscreen stay put longer, but it offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-45

POLYURETHANE-45

3.8

Polyurethane-45 is a synthetic film-former that helps makeup last longer and resist water, but it may feel heavy on some skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-46

POLYURETHANE-46

3.8

A synthetic film-former that helps makeup last longer and resist water, but offers no active skincare benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-49

POLYURETHANE-49

3.8

Polyurethane-49 is a synthetic polymer that helps makeup and skincare products last longer and feel smoother, with a generally low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-50

Polyurethane-50

3.8

Polyurethane-50 is a synthetic film-former that helps makeup and skincare last longer and resist water, but it offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-51

Polyurethane-51

3.8

Polyurethane-51 helps makeup and sunscreen stay put longer by forming a flexible, water-resistant film, but it can feel heavy on some skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-52

Polyurethane-52

3.8

Polyurethane-52 is a synthetic polymer that helps makeup and sunscreens stay put longer without feeling heavy or sticky.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-53

Polyurethane-53

3.8

A synthetic film-former that helps makeup and sunscreen stay put longer, but offers no active skincare benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-54

POLYURETHANE-54

3.8

A synthetic film-former that helps makeup last longer and resist water, but may feel heavy on some skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-56

Polyurethane-56

3.8

A synthetic polymer that helps makeup and skincare stay put, but offers no active skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-57

POLYURETHANE-57

3.8

Polyurethane-57 is a synthetic film-former that helps makeup and skincare products resist water, sweat, and transfer, but it offers no active skin benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-58

Polyurethane-58

3.8

A synthetic film-former that helps makeup and skincare last longer and feel smoother, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-59

Polyurethane-59

3.8

Polyurethane-59 is a synthetic film-former that helps makeup and skincare last longer and resist water, but it offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-61

Polyurethane-61

3.8

A synthetic film-former that helps products stay put and feel smooth, but offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-62

Polyurethane-62

3.8

Polyurethane-62 is a synthetic film-former that helps makeup and skincare last longer, feel smooth, and resist water, but it offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-63

Polyurethane-63

3.8

A synthetic film-former that helps makeup and skincare last longer without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-64

POLYURETHANE-64

3.8

A synthetic film-former that helps makeup and skincare last longer and feel smoother, with a good safety profile for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-65

Polyurethane-65

3.8

Polyurethane-65 is a safe, synthetic film-former that helps makeup and sunscreen stay put without feeling heavy or sticky.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyurethane-68

Polyurethane-68

3.8

Polyurethane-68 is a synthetic film-former that helps makeup and skincare last longer and feel smoother, with a generally low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review