Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 20,769
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Film Former

PEG/PPG-300/55 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-300/55 COPOLYMER

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that helps products feel smooth and spread evenly, but offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Humectant

PEG/PPG-32/3 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-32/3 Copolymer

3.8

A gentle synthetic humectant that helps keep skin hydrated and improves product feel without common irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG/PPG-32/3 Diricinoleate

PEG/PPG-32/3 Diricinoleate

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in creams and lotions, but may not suit those avoiding PEG compounds.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG/PPG-32/3 Ricinoleate

PEG/PPG-32/3 Ricinoleate

3.5

A reliable emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and creams, but may not suit those avoiding PEG compounds.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG/PPG-35/40 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-35/40 Copolymer

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that improves product texture and stability, but offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEG/PPG-38/8 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-38/8 Copolymer

3.8

A gentle synthetic polymer that helps products spread smoothly and feel lightweight on skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm former
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PEG/PPG-4/12 Dimethicone

PEG/PPG-4/12 Dimethicone

4.0

A gentle silicone that improves product feel and spreadability, generally well-tolerated by most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehaircareemollient
Read ingredient review

Humectant

PEG/PPG-4/2 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-4/2 Copolymer

4.0

A gentle synthetic polymer that helps products feel smooth and spread easily without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG/PPG-4/2 Propylheptyl Ether

PEG/PPG-4/2 Propylheptyl Ether

3.8

A synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in skincare, generally well-tolerated but not a star active ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG/PPG-450/50 TMP Lauryl Ether

PEG/PPG-450/50 TRIMETHYLOLPROPANE LAURYL ETHER

3.8

A synthetic thickener that helps create rich, stable textures in cleansers and lotions, generally well-tolerated but not biodegradable.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

PEG/PPG-5/10 Tocopheryl Ether

PEG/PPG-5/10 Tocopheryl Ether

4.0

A gentle, modified vitamin E that helps protect skin from environmental stress without the greasiness of pure vitamin E.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

PEG/PPG-5/20 Tocopheryl Ether

PEG/PPG-5/20 Tocopheryl Ether

4.0

A gentle, modified vitamin E that offers antioxidant protection and skin conditioning without the stability issues of pure vitamin E.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PEG/PPG-5/3 Trisiloxane

PEG/PPG-5/3 Trisiloxane

4.0

A lightweight silicone that makes products feel silky and spread easily, with a very low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresilicone
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEG/PPG-5/30 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-5/30 Copolymer

3.8

A gentle synthetic polymer that helps products spread smoothly and feel lightweight, but offers no active skin benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

PEG/PPG-5/30 Tocopheryl Ether

PEG/PPG-5/30 Tocopheryl Ether

4.0

A water-friendly version of vitamin E that helps protect skin from environmental damage without the greasy feel of pure tocopherol.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Humectant

PEG/PPG-5/35 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-5/35 Copolymer

4.0

A gentle, water-binding polymer that helps keep skin hydrated and products feel smooth without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

PEG/PPG-50/20 Tocopheryl Ether

PEG/PPG-50/20 Tocopheryl Ether

4.0

A water-friendly version of vitamin E that helps protect skin from environmental stress without feeling greasy.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PEG/PPG-50/40 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-50/40 Copolymer

3.5

A gentle synthetic polymer that helps blend oil and water, making cleansers and lotions feel smooth without heavy irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Solvent

PEG/PPG-52/32 Dimethyl Ether

PEG/PPG-52/32 Dimethyl Ether

3.8

A gentle, water-soluble polymer that helps other ingredients absorb better and leaves skin feeling smooth without greasiness.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresolvent
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PEG/PPG-6/11 Dimethicone

PEG/PPG-6/11 Dimethicone

4.0

A gentle silicone that makes products feel silky and spread easily, but may not suit those avoiding silicones entirely.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEG/PPG-6/2 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-6/2 Copolymer

4.0

A safe, synthetic ingredient that helps products feel smooth and spread evenly while lightly hydrating the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PEG/PPG-6/2 Glyceryl Cocoate

PEG/PPG-6/2 Glyceryl Cocoate

4.0

A gentle, coconut-derived cleansing and softening ingredient that helps products rinse cleanly without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG/PPG-6/2 Propylheptyl Ether

PEG/PPG-6/2 Propylheptyl Ether

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in creams and cleansers, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG/PPG-6/4 Dimethicone

PEG/PPG-6/4 Dimethicone

4.0

A gentle silicone emulsifier that improves texture and spreadability, but may not suit those avoiding silicones.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Humectant

PEG/PPG-60/11 Glycerin

PEG/PPG-60/11 Glycerin

4.0

A gentle, modified glycerin that pulls moisture into the skin without feeling sticky, making it a great option for dry or sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Humectant

PEG/PPG-7/12 Dimethyl Ether

PEG/PPG-7/12 Dimethyl Ether

3.8

A gentle synthetic humectant that helps products feel smooth and non-sticky, but offers only surface-level hydration.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG/PPG-7/2 Propylheptyl Ether

PEG/PPG-7/2 Propylheptyl Ether

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in skincare, generally well-tolerated but not a star active ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Humectant

PEG/PPG-7/50 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-7/50 Copolymer

3.8

A synthetic humectant that helps hydrate and smooth the skin, but offers limited unique benefits compared to more established ingredients.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

PEG/PPG-70/30 Tocopheryl Ether

PEG/PPG-70/30 Tocopheryl Ether

4.0

A water-friendly version of vitamin E that helps protect skin from environmental stress without the greasy feel of pure vitamin E.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG/PPG-8/14 Dimethicone

PEG/PPG-8/14 Dimethicone

4.0

A versatile silicone emulsifier that improves product texture and spreadability with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEG/PPG-8/17 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-8/17 Copolymer

3.8

A safe, synthetic ingredient that helps products feel smooth and spread evenly without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm former
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG/PPG-8/3 Diisostearate

PEG/PPG-8/3 Diisostearate

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy formulas, but may not suit those avoiding PEGs.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG/PPG-8/3 Laurate

PEG/PPG-8/3 Laurate

3.8

A synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and creams, generally well-tolerated but not a star active ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEG/PPG-8/55 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-8/55 Copolymer

4.0

A gentle synthetic polymer that helps products feel silky and spread smoothly without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEG/PPG/SMDI Copolymer

BIS-METHOXY PEG-13 PEG-502/PPG-57/SMDI COPOLYMER

3.8

A synthetic film-former that helps makeup and skincare last longer and resist water, but offers no active skincare benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Abrasive

Pegmatite Powder

Pegmatite

3.5

Pegmatite is a natural mineral powder that provides gentle physical exfoliation, but its benefits and safety are not well-studied in skincare.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareexfoliant
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEI-1000

PEI-1000

3.5

PEI-1000 is a synthetic polymer that helps create a smooth, even film on skin, but it's not a star ingredient and is best understood as a texture enhancer.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEI-14 PEG-10/PPG-7 Copolymer

PEI-14 PEG-10/PPG-7 Copolymer

3.5

A synthetic polymer that helps products spread smoothly and leaves a flexible, non-sticky film on skin or hair.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEI-14 PEG-24/PPG-16 Copolymer

PEI-14 PEG-24/PPG-16 Copolymer

3.5

A synthetic polymer that helps products spread smoothly and leaves a light, flexible film on skin or hair for a conditioned feel.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEI-1400

PEI-1400

3.5

PEI-1400 is a synthetic polymer that helps products stay put, but it's not a skincare active and may feel heavy on some skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEI-1500

PEI-1500

3.5

PEI-1500 is a synthetic polymer that helps products spread smoothly and stay put, but it's not a star ingredient for skin health.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEI-1750

PEI-1750

3.5

PEI-1750 helps products stay put and resist water, but it's a synthetic polymer with limited skin-friendly research.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEI-250

PEI-250

3.0

PEI-250 is a synthetic film-former that helps products stay put, but it may cause irritation for sensitive skin types.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEI-2500

PEI-2500

3.5

PEI-2500 is a synthetic polymer that helps products spread smoothly and resist water, but it's not a star ingredient for skin health.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEI-275

PEI-275

3.5

PEI-275 is a synthetic polymer that helps products form a flexible film on skin or hair, improving wear and water resistance.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEI-35

PEI-35

3.5

PEI-35 is a synthetic polymer that helps products spread evenly and stay put, but it's not a star ingredient for skin health.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review