Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 55 of 115
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Thickener

Pectin

Pectin

4.0

Pectin is a gentle, fruit-derived thickener and hydrator that helps stabilize formulas and adds a light, non-greasy feel to skincare products.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarethickenerhumectant
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Thickener

PEG-115M

PEG-115M

4.0

PEG-115M is a gentle synthetic thickener that gives products a smooth, silky feel without clogging pores or causing irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Viscosity Increasing Agent

PEG-120 Distearate

PEG-120 Distearate

4.0

A safe, widely used thickener that gives cleansers and lotions a rich, creamy texture without clogging pores or irritating skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
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Thickener

PEG-135

PEG-135

3.5

PEG-135 is a safe, widely used thickener and emulsifier, but its production may involve potentially concerning impurities that are tightly regulated.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
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Thickener

PEG-160M

PEG-160M

3.5

PEG-160M is a safe, synthetic thickener that improves product texture without causing irritation or clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
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Viscosity Controlling

PEG-180/Laureth-50/TMMG Copolymer

PEG-180/LAURETH-50/TMMG COPOLYMER

3.8

A synthetic thickener that helps give your cleansers and lotions a smooth, gel-like texture without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
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Thickener

PEG-180M

PEG-180M

3.8

PEG-180M is a safe synthetic thickener that improves product texture and spreadability without common irritation concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG-240

PEG-240

3.5

PEG-240 is a safe, synthetic thickener that improves product texture but may be less eco-friendly than natural alternatives.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG-450

PEG-450

3.8

PEG-450 is a safe, widely used synthetic thickener and humectant that helps stabilize formulas and improve texture, but it may be contaminated with impurities in poorly manufactured products.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickenerhumectant
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Thickener

PEG-45M

PEG-45M

4.0

PEG-45M is a safe, synthetic thickener that gives products a smooth, silky feel without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG-65M

PEG-65M

3.8

PEG-65M is a safe, synthetic thickener that improves product texture and feel without common irritation concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG-90M

PEG-90M

4.0

PEG-90M is a safe, synthetic thickener that gives a smooth, non-sticky feel to water-based products.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG/PPG-10/30 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-10/30 Copolymer

4.0

A safe, synthetic thickener that improves product texture without clogging pores or causing irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Viscosity Controlling

PEG/PPG-125/30 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-125/30 Copolymer

4.0

A gentle synthetic thickener that gives water-based products a smooth, non-sticky feel without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG/PPG-150/30 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-150/30 Copolymer

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that gives water-based products a silky, non-sticky feel, but offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG/PPG-150/35 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-150/35 COPOLYMER

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that helps create a smooth, spreadable texture in cleansers and lotions, but offers no active skin benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Viscosity controlling agent

PEG/PPG-160/30 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-160/30 Copolymer

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that helps create smooth, non-sticky gels and serums, but offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG/PPG-160/31 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-160/31 Copolymer

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that improves product texture and spreadability without common irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG/PPG-190/60 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-190/60 Copolymer

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener and stabilizer that improves product texture without major skin concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG/PPG-20/60 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-20/60 Copolymer

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that improves product texture and stability without common irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Viscosity Controlling

PEG/PPG-20/65 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-20/65 Copolymer

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that improves product texture and stability without common irritation concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG/PPG-200/40 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-200/40 Copolymer

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that improves product texture and spreadability without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Viscosity controlling agent

PEG/PPG-200/70 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-200/70 COPOLYMER

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that gives water-based products a smooth, non-sticky feel, but offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG/PPG-2000/200 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-2000/200 Copolymer

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that improves product texture and stability without common irritation concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG/PPG-23/17 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-23/17 COPOLYMER

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that improves product texture and spreadability, but offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG/PPG-23/50 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-23/50 Copolymer

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that improves product texture and spreadability, but offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Viscosity Controlling

PEG/PPG-240/60 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-240/60 COPOLYMER

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that gives water-based products a silky, non-sticky feel, but offers no active skin benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG/PPG-25/30 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-25/30 Copolymer

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener and emulsifier that improves product texture and stability without major skin concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG/PPG-30/35 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-30/35 Copolymer

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that improves product texture and stability, but offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEG/PPG-300/55 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-300/55 COPOLYMER

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that helps products feel smooth and spread evenly, but offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG/PPG-35/40 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-35/40 Copolymer

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that improves product texture and stability, but offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

Polyacrylamide

POLYACRYLAMIDE

4.0

Polyacrylamide is a safe, effective thickener that gives products a smooth, silky feel, but it's often paired with preservatives that raise concerns for some users.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Film Former

Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-7

POLYACRYLATE CROSSPOLYMER-7

4.0

A safe, synthetic thickener that helps create a smooth, silky texture in skincare products without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

Potassium Alginate

Potassium Alginate

4.0

A gentle, seaweed-derived thickener that gives products a smooth gel feel and can create a temporary tightening sensation on skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarethickener
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Viscosity Controlling

Potassium Carbomer

Potassium Carbomer

4.0

A safe, effective thickener that gives gels and creams a smooth, non-greasy feel without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Viscosity Controlling

PPG/PEG Polymer Blend

PPG-23-PEG-4 TRIMETHYLOLPROPANE

3.5

A synthetic thickener that helps create a smooth, stable texture in creams and lotions, but offers no active skin benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
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Thickener

Propylene Glycol Alginate

Propylene Glycol Alginate

4.0

A gentle, seaweed-based thickener that improves product feel and stability without common irritation concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
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Thickener

Psyllium Husk Powder

PLANTAGO PSYLLIUM HUSK POWDER

3.8

A gentle, plant-based thickener that creates a soothing gel texture, but it can feel sticky if used too high.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarethickener
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Viscosity Controlling

Quaternium-90 Bentonite

Quaternium-90 Bentonite

3.8

A gentle clay derivative that improves product feel and stability, but offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
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Thickener

Rhizobian Gum

Rhizobian Gum

4.0

Rhizobian Gum is a gentle, natural thickener that improves product texture without clogging pores or causing irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

Sodium Acrylate Crosspolymer

SODIUM ACRYLATE/ACRYLOYLDIMETHYLTAURATE/DIMETHYLACRYLAMIDE CROSSPOLYMER

4.0

A safe, synthetic thickener that gives gels and creams a smooth, non-sticky feel without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

Sodium Chloride

Sodium Chloride

3.5

Sodium chloride is safe in small amounts but can be drying or irritating for sensitive skin in high concentrations.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

Sodium Polyacrylate

Sodium Polyacrylate

3.8

A common synthetic thickener that gives gels and creams a smooth, silky feel, but may not suit those avoiding synthetic ingredients.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Emollient

Stearyl Alcohol

Stearyl Alcohol

4.3

A gentle fatty alcohol that helps thicken and soften products without drying or irritating the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareemollientthickener
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Emollient

Stearyl Beeswax

Stearyl Beeswax

4.0

Stearyl Beeswax is a gentle, plant-friendly wax that gives creams and balms a smooth, stable texture without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollientthickener
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Thickener

Tamarind Seed Gum

TAMARINDUS INDICA SEED GUM

4.0

A gentle, plant-based thickener and film former that can add a silky feel and light hydration to skincare products.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Thickener

Trihydroxystearin

TRIHYDROXYSTEARIN

4.0

Trihydroxystearin is a reliable thickener and stabilizer that helps keep cosmetic products smooth and consistent without common irritation concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
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Thickener

Welan Gum

Welan Gum

3.8

Welan gum is a gentle, plant-derived thickener that improves product texture and stability without clogging pores or irritating skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarethickener
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Thickener

Xanthan Gum

Xanthan Gum

4.5

Xanthan gum is a safe, plant-derived thickener that gives your skincare products a smooth, spreadable texture without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Viscosity Controlling

Xanthan Gum Crosspolymer

XANTHAN GUM CROSSPOLYMER

4.0

A gentle, effective thickener that improves product texture without clogging pores or irritating skin.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarethickener
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