Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 1,097
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Surfactant

Castor Oil Phosphate

Castor Oil Phosphate

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived surfactant that helps cleanse without stripping the skin, making it a good choice for sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Ceteareth-10 Phosphate

Ceteareth-10 Phosphate

4.0

Ceteareth-10 Phosphate is a gentle emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in products, with low irritation potential and good skin compatibility.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Ceteareth-16

Ceteareth-16

3.8

Ceteareth-16 is a reliable emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but it may be slightly irritating for very sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Ceteareth-2 Phosphate

Ceteareth-2 Phosphate

4.0

A gentle emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and creams, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Ceteareth-20

Ceteareth-20

4.0

A reliable emulsifier that helps your skincare products feel smooth and mix well, but it's synthetic and may be too heavy for very oily skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Emulsifier

Ceteareth-24

Ceteareth-24

3.8

Ceteareth-24 is a synthetic emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in products, generally considered safe and low-irritation for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Ceteareth-25 Carboxylic Acid

CETEARETH-25 CARBOXYLIC ACID

3.8

A gentle cleansing and emulsifying ingredient that helps blend oil and water in skincare products, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing agentsurfactant
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Surfactant

Ceteareth-27

Ceteareth-27

4.0

Ceteareth-27 is a gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in creams and cleansers, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Ceteareth-28

Ceteareth-28

4.0

Ceteareth-28 is a gentle emulsifier that helps water and oil mix in your skincare, making creams and cleansers smooth and stable without harshness.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Ceteareth-30

Ceteareth-30

4.0

Ceteareth-30 is a gentle emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in creams and cleansers, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Ceteareth-33

Ceteareth-33

3.8

Ceteareth-33 is a synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but it can be mildly irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Ceteareth-4 Phosphate

Ceteareth-4 Phosphate

4.0

A gentle emulsifier and surfactant that helps blend oil and water in cleansers and creams, with low irritation potential.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Ceteareth-5 Phosphate

Ceteareth-5 Phosphate

4.0

A gentle, phosphate-based emulsifier that helps blend water and oil without stripping the skin, making it a good choice for sensitive skin formulations.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Ceteareth-6

Ceteareth-6

4.0

Ceteareth-6 is a gentle emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in your skincare, but it may be contaminated with 1,4-dioxane during manufacturing, so look for purified versions.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Ceteareth-7

Ceteareth-7

4.0

Ceteareth-7 is a gentle emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in skincare products, with a low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Ceteareth-8

Ceteareth-8

4.0

Ceteareth-8 is a gentle emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in your products, but it may be contaminated with trace levels of 1,4-dioxane, a potential impurity to watch for.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Ceteth-1

CETETH-1

3.5

Ceteth-1 is a gentle emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in cleansers and lotions, but it is not a star active ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Ceteth-10

CETETH-10

4.0

Ceteth-10 is a gentle emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and creams, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Ceteth-10 Phosphate

CETETH-10 PHOSPHATE

4.0

A gentle, phosphate-based emulsifier that helps water and oil mix without stripping the skin, making it a solid choice for mild cleansers and lotions.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Ceteth-12

CETETH-12

3.5

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but may be too heavy for very sensitive or acne-prone skin in high concentrations.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Ceteth-13

CETETH-13

3.8

Ceteth-13 is a gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in creams and cleansers, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Ceteth-15

CETETH-15

4.0

Ceteth-15 is a gentle emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and creams, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Thickener

Ceteth-150

CETETH-150

3.5

Ceteth-150 is a gentle synthetic thickener and emulsifier that helps create smooth, stable textures in cleansers and lotions, but it offers no direct skin benefit beyond formulation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Ceteth-16

CETETH-16

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps water and oil mix, but may not suit those avoiding ethoxylated ingredients.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Ceteth-18

CETETH-18

3.8

Ceteth-18 is a gentle cleansing and emulsifying ingredient that helps blend oil and water in skincare formulas, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Ceteth-20 Phosphate

CETETH-20 PHOSPHATE

4.0

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, commonly used in cleansers and lotions.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Ceteth-25

CETETH-25

4.0

Ceteth-25 is a gentle, water-loving emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in skincare formulas without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Ceteth-3

CETETH-3

3.5

Ceteth-3 is a gentle emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in products, but it may not suit those seeking completely natural formulations.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Ceteth-4

CETETH-4

4.0

Ceteth-4 is a gentle emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and lotions, with a low risk of irritation for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Ceteth-6

CETETH-6

4.0

Ceteth-6 is a gentle emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in your skincare, making it a common but low-risk ingredient in cleansers and creams.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Ceteth-7

CETETH-7

4.0

A gentle emulsifier that helps water and oil mix, making creams and cleansers smooth and stable.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Ceteth-8 Phosphate

CETETH-8 PHOSPHATE

4.0

A gentle surfactant and emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in skincare formulas without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Cetoleth-6

CETOLETH-6

4.0

Cetoleth-6 is a gentle emulsifier that helps cleansers foam and rinse cleanly without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Antistatic Agent

Cetrimonium Bromide

CETRIMONIUM BROMIDE

3.8

Cetrimonium bromide is an effective hair conditioner and mild preservative, but can be irritating to sensitive skin or eyes at higher concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Cocamide

Cocamide

3.5

Cocamide helps create rich lather in cleansers but may be drying or irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Cocamide DEA

Cocamide DEA

3.0

Cocamide DEA is an effective foaming agent, but its potential to form carcinogenic impurities and cause skin irritation makes it a controversial choice in modern formulations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Cocamide DIPA

Cocamide DIPA

3.8

Cocamide DIPA helps create rich lather and thick texture in cleansers, but may be slightly drying for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Cocamide Methyl MEA

Cocamide Methyl MEA

3.8

A coconut-derived foaming agent that helps cleansers lather and feel thicker, but may be drying or irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Cocamidopropyl Betaine

Cocamidopropyl Betaine

4.0

A gentle, coconut-derived foaming agent that helps cleansers feel less stripping, though a small number of people may react to impurities.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Cocamidopropyl Morpholine

Cocamidopropyl Morpholine

3.5

Cocamidopropyl Morpholine is an effective emulsifier and surfactant, but may cause irritation for sensitive skin types, especially in high concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Cocamine Oxide

Cocamine Oxide

4.0

A gentle, coconut-derived surfactant that helps create a rich lather and is less stripping than harsher cleansers.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarehaircaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Coceth-20

COCETH-20

4.0

Coceth-20 is a gentle, coconut-derived emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and creams, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Coceth-5

COCETH-5

3.8

A gentle, coconut-derived cleansing agent that helps products foam and rinse clean without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Coceth-8

COCETH-8

3.8

Coceth-8 is a gentle cleansing ingredient that helps products foam and rinse clean without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Coco-Betaine

Cocamidopropyl Betaine

4.5

A gentle, coconut-derived surfactant that creates rich lather while being far less stripping than traditional sulfates.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Coco-Hydroxysultaine

Coco-Hydroxysultaine

4.0

A gentle, coconut-derived surfactant that cleanses without stripping the skin or scalp.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Cocoyl Hydrolyzed Oat Protein

Cocoyl Hydrolyzed Oat Protein

4.3

A mild, protein-enriched surfactant that cleanses without stripping, making it ideal for sensitive or dry skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Cocoyl Hydrolyzed Soy Protein

Cocoyl Hydrolyzed Soy Protein

4.0

A mild, protein-enriched cleansing agent that cleans without stripping, making it ideal for sensitive or dry skin and hair.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehaircaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Cocoyl Sarcosinamide DEA

Cocoyl Sarcosinamide DEA

3.8

A mild surfactant that helps create rich foam and gently cleanses, but may be too drying for very sensitive or dry skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

DEA-Perfluorohexyl Ethylphosphate

DEA-Perfluorohexyl Ethylphosphate

3.5

A synthetic fluorinated ingredient that helps products spread evenly and resist water, but raises environmental persistence concerns.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Deceth-10

DECETH-10

3.5

Deceth-10 is a mild synthetic emulsifier that helps products spread and rinse cleanly, but may cause irritation for very sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review