Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 1,097
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Surfactant

C12-14 Pareth-7

C12-14 Pareth-7

3.8

A gentle, semi-synthetic surfactant that helps cleanse without stripping the skin's natural moisture barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Surfactant

C12-14 Sec-Pareth-12

C12-14 Sec-Pareth-12

3.5

An effective cleansing agent that helps remove dirt and oil, but may be drying for sensitive or very dry skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-14 Sec-Pareth-15

C12-14 SEC-PARETH-15

3.5

A workhorse cleansing ingredient that helps remove dirt and oil, but may be drying or irritating for very sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Surfactant

C12-14 Sec-Pareth-20

C12-14 Sec-Pareth-20

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps blend oil and water, but may cause mild irritation for very sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-14 Sec-Pareth-30

C12-14 SEC-PARETH-30

3.5

An effective cleansing agent that can be drying or irritating for sensitive skin, but generally safe in well-formulated products.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-14 Sec-Pareth-40

C12-14 SEC-PARETH-40

3.5

A synthetic emulsifier that helps cleansers foam and rinse clean, but may be drying for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-14 Sec-Pareth-5

C12-14 SEC-PARETH-5

3.5

A synthetic surfactant that helps cleanse and emulsify, but may be drying for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-14 Sec-Pareth-50

C12-14 SEC-PARETH-50

3.8

A gentle synthetic surfactant that helps cleanse without stripping the skin, but may not suit ultra-sensitive skin in high concentrations.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-14 Sec-Pareth-7

C12-14 SEC-PARETH-7

3.8

A mild synthetic surfactant that helps cleansers foam and rinse cleanly, but may be slightly drying for very sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-14 Sec-Pareth-8

C12-14 SEC-PARETH-8

3.8

An effective cleansing agent that helps remove dirt and oil, but may be drying or irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-14 Sec-Pareth-9

C12-14 SEC-PARETH-9

3.5

A gentle synthetic surfactant that helps cleanse without stripping, but may cause mild irritation in sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-15 Pareth-10

C12-15 PARETH-10

3.8

A gentle cleansing agent that helps remove dirt and oil without stripping the skin, but may cause irritation for very sensitive skin types.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-15 Pareth-10 Phosphate

C12-15 PARETH-10 PHOSPHATE

3.8

A mild synthetic surfactant that helps cleansers foam and rinse cleanly, but may be slightly drying for very sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-15 Pareth-11

C12-15 Pareth-11

3.8

A gentle synthetic surfactant that helps cleanse without stripping, but may cause mild irritation for very sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-15 Pareth-12

C12-15 PARETH-12

3.8

A gentle synthetic surfactant that helps cleanse without stripping, but may cause irritation in sensitive skin at higher concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-15 Pareth-12 Carboxylic Acid

C12-15 PARETH-12 CARBOXYLIC ACID

4.0

A gentle synthetic surfactant that helps cleanse without stripping the skin, making it a good choice for sensitive or dry skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-15 Pareth-2

C12-15 Pareth-2

4.0

A gentle, low-irritation cleansing agent that helps blend oil and water, making it a reliable choice for sensitive skin formulations.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Surfactant

C12-15 Pareth-2 Phosphate

C12-15 PARETH-2 PHOSPHATE

4.0

A gentle synthetic surfactant that helps cleanse without stripping the skin's natural moisture barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Surfactant

C12-15 Pareth-3

C12-15 Pareth-3

3.8

A common synthetic emulsifier that helps products rinse cleanly, but may be slightly drying or irritating for very sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-15 Pareth-3 Phosphate

C12-15 Pareth-3 Phosphate

3.5

A synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but may be slightly drying or irritating for very sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-15 Pareth-4

C12-15 Pareth-4

3.5

A synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but may be slightly drying or irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-15 Pareth-6 Phosphate

C12-15 PARETH-6 PHOSPHATE

3.8

A synthetic emulsifier that helps cleansers foam and rinse clean, but may be drying for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

C12-15 Pareth-7

C12-15 Pareth-7

3.5

A common synthetic emulsifier that helps blend water and oil, but may be slightly drying or irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-15 Pareth-8 Phosphate

C12-15 PARETH-8 PHOSPHATE

3.8

A mild cleansing agent that helps remove dirt and oil without stripping the skin, but may cause slight irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-15 Pareth-9 Phosphate

C12-15 PARETH-9 PHOSPHATE

3.5

A mild synthetic surfactant that helps cleanse without stripping, but may cause irritation for very sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-16 Pareth-5

C12-16 PARETH-5

3.8

A gentle, synthetic cleansing ingredient that helps lift dirt and oil without stripping the skin, but may not suit extremely sensitive or compromised skin barriers.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-16 Pareth-6 Phosphate

C12-16 PARETH-6 PHOSPHATE

3.8

A mild cleansing agent that helps remove dirt and oil without stripping the skin, but may cause irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C12-16 Pareth-7

C12-16 Pareth-7

4.0

A gentle, effective cleansing ingredient that helps lift dirt and oil without stripping the skin, making it a solid choice for daily cleansers.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C13-15 Pareth-21

C13-15 PARETH-21

4.0

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, commonly used in cleansers and lotions with a low irritation risk.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

C14-15 Pareth-11

C14-15 PARETH-11

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in your skincare products without causing irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C14-15 Pareth-12

C14-15 PARETH-12

4.0

A gentle synthetic surfactant that helps cleansers foam and rinse cleanly, with low irritation potential.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C14-15 Pareth-13

C14-15 PARETH-13

3.8

A mild synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and lotions, generally well-tolerated.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C14-15 Pareth-4

C14-15 PARETH-4

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps cleansers foam and lotions stay mixed, with a low irritation profile for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C14-15 Pareth-7

C14-15 PARETH-7

3.8

A gentle synthetic surfactant that helps cleanse without stripping the skin, but may not suit extremely sensitive skin in high concentrations.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C14-15 Pareth-8

C14-15 PARETH-8

4.0

A mild synthetic emulsifier that helps cleansers foam and rinse cleanly without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

C20-22 Alkyl Phosphate

C20-22 Alkyl Phosphate

4.0

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in your products without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C20-22 Pareth-30

C20-22 PARETH-30

4.0

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, commonly used in cleansers and creams with a low irritation profile.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

C20-40 Pareth-10

C20-40 PARETH-10

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps keep your skincare products stable and well-mixed, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Emulsifier

C20-40 Pareth-24

C20-40 PARETH-24

4.0

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in your products, with a low risk of irritation or clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

C20-40 Pareth-95

C20-40 PARETH-95

3.5

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in creams and lotions, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

C40-60 Pareth-10

C40-60 Pareth-10

3.5

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix water and oil, but offers no direct skin benefit on its own.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C6-10 Pareth-4 Phosphate

C6-10 PARETH-4 PHOSPHATE

3.8

A gentle synthetic surfactant that helps cleanse without stripping the skin's natural moisture barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C6-12 Perfluoroalkylethanol

C6-12 Perfluoroalkylethanol

3.0

A synthetic fluorinated surfactant that helps products spread and clean, but its environmental persistence raises concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C9-11 Pareth-4

C9-11 Pareth-4

3.8

C9-11 Pareth-4 is a mild synthetic emulsifier that helps cleansers remove dirt and oil, but may be slightly drying for very sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C9-11 Pareth-40

C9-11 PARETH-40

3.8

A synthetic cleansing agent that helps remove dirt and oil, but may be drying for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C9-11 Pareth-6

C9-11 PARETH-6

3.8

A gentle synthetic surfactant that helps cleansers foam and rinse cleanly, but may cause mild irritation for very sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C9-11 Pareth-8

C9-11 PARETH-8

3.5

A gentle cleansing agent that helps remove dirt and oil without stripping the skin, but may cause irritation in sensitive individuals at high concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C9-15 Alkyl Phosphate

C9-15 Alkyl Phosphate

3.5

A mild synthetic surfactant that helps cleanse without stripping, but may be slightly drying for very sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C9-15 Fluoroalcohol Phosphate

C9-15 Fluoroalcohol Phosphate

3.5

A synthetic surfactant that helps ingredients spread evenly and stay put, but its fluorinated nature raises environmental persistence concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

C9-15 Pareth-8

C9-15 PARETH-8

3.5

A synthetic cleansing agent that helps remove dirt and oil, but may be drying for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Calcium Xylenesulfonate

Calcium Xylenesulfonate

3.5

A mild synthetic helper that improves how cleansers mix and rinse, generally safe for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Canolamidopropyl Betaine

Canolamidopropyl Betaine

4.0

A gentle, plant-based surfactant that cleanses without stripping the skin, ideal for sensitive or dry skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Surfactant

Capramide DEA

CAPRAMIDE DEA

3.5

Capramide DEA helps create rich lather and thicker formulas, but it may be irritating for sensitive skin and can be contaminated with potentially harmful impurities.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Surfactant

Capryl/Capramidopropyl Betaine

Capryl/Capramidopropyl Betaine

4.2

A gentle, coconut-derived surfactant that cleans effectively without stripping the skin, making it a popular choice for sensitive skin formulas.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Surfactant

Capryleth-4

Capryleth-4

4.0

A gentle, water-soluble surfactant that helps cleanse and emulsify without stripping the skin, making it a good choice for sensitive skin formulations.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Surfactant

Capryleth-5

Capryleth-5

4.0

A gentle, well-tolerated emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and lotions without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review