Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 1,097
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Surfactant

Potassium Isostearate

Potassium Isostearate

3.8

A gentle cleansing agent that helps remove dirt and oil without stripping the skin, but offers no direct skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Surfactant

Potassium Lauroyl PCA

Potassium Lauroyl PCA

4.3

A mild, amino-acid-based cleanser that effectively removes dirt and oil while being gentle on the skin barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Surfactant

Potassium Laurus Nobilate

Potassium Laurus Nobilate

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived cleansing ingredient that effectively removes dirt and oil without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Potassium Octoxynol-12 Phosphate

Potassium Octoxynol-12 Phosphate

3.5

An effective cleansing agent that helps remove oil and dirt, but may be drying or irritating for very sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Potassium Ricinoleate

Potassium Ricinoleate

4.0

A gentle, castor-oil-derived surfactant that helps cleanse without stripping the skin's natural moisture barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Emulsifier

Potassium Stearate

Potassium Stearate

3.8

Potassium Stearate is an effective emulsifier and cleanser, but it can be drying or irritating for sensitive or dry skin types.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Potassium Xylenesulfonate

Potassium Xylenesulfonate

3.5

A mild synthetic helper that keeps formulas clear and well-mixed, but offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-1 Trideceth-13

PPG-1 Trideceth-13

3.5

A mild synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and lotions, generally well-tolerated.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-1 Trideceth-6

PPG-1 TRIDECETH-6

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps cleansers and lotions blend oil and water without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PPG-1-CETETH-20

PPG-1-CETETH-20

3.5

A workhorse emulsifier that keeps creams and cleansers stable, but offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-1-Deceth-4

PPG-1-DECETH-4

3.5

A synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but may be slightly drying for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-1-Deceth-6

PPG-1-DECETH-6

3.8

A mild synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and shampoos, generally well-tolerated by most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-1-Deceth-7

PPG-1-Deceth-7

3.5

A synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but may cause mild irritation in sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-1-Isodeceth-4

PPG-1-ISODECETH-4

3.5

A mild synthetic helper that blends oil and water, generally safe but not a star ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-1-Isodeceth-6

PPG-1-ISODECETH-6

3.5

A synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but may cause mild irritation for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-1-Isodeceth-7

PPG-1-ISODECETH-7

3.8

A mild synthetic emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in cleansers and lotions, generally well-tolerated by most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-1-Isodeceth-9

PPG-1-ISODECETH-9

3.8

A synthetic emulsifier that helps mix water and oil, but may be slightly drying for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-1-PEG-9 Lauryl Glycol Ether

PPG-1-PEG-9 LAURYL GLYCOL ETHER

4.0

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and conditioners, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Emulsifier

PPG-10 Lauryl Ether

PPG-10 Lauryl Ether

3.8

A mild synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, generally safe for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-10 Tocophereth-30

PPG-10 Tocophereth-30

4.0

A gentle, non-stripping cleanser that also delivers antioxidant benefits from vitamin E.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-10-Buteth-9

PPG-10-Buteth-9

3.5

A synthetic helper that makes cleansers foam and rinse clean, but can be drying for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-12 Capryleth-18

PPG-12 CAPRYLETH-18

3.8

A mild synthetic surfactant that helps products spread and rinse cleanly, but may be too stripping for very dry or sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-12-Buteth-12

PPG-12-Buteth-12

3.5

A mild synthetic emulsifier that helps products rinse cleanly, but offers no direct skin benefit beyond formulation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PPG-12-Buteth-16

PPG-12-Buteth-16

3.8

PPG-12-Buteth-16 is a gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in products, with a low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-14 Deceth-6

PPG-14 DECETH-6

4.0

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-19-Buteth-19

PPG-19-BUTETH-19

3.8

A mild synthetic emulsifier that helps cleansers and shampoos mix oil and water without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 C12-13 Pareth-8

PPG-2 C12-13 PARETH-8

3.8

A synthetic cleansing agent that helps remove dirt and oil, but may be drying for sensitive or dry skin types.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 C12-15 Pareth-6

PPG-2 C12-15 Pareth-6

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and lotions, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 C9-11 Pareth-11

PPG-2 C9-11 PARETH-11

3.8

A synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but may cause mild irritation for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 C9-11 Pareth-5

PPG-2 C9-11 Pareth-5

3.8

A synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but may be mildly drying or irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 C9-11 Pareth-7

PPG-2 C9-11 PARETH-7

3.5

A synthetic cleansing agent that helps products foam and rinse clean, but may be drying for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 C9-11 Pareth-8

PPG-2 C9-11 PARETH-8

3.8

A mild synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and lotions, generally well-tolerated by most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PPG-2 Ceteth-20

PPG-2-CETETH-20

3.5

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps keep your products smooth and stable, but offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Cocamide

PPG-2 Cocamide

3.5

PPG-2 Cocamide helps cleansers foam and mix oil with water, but it can be drying or irritating for sensitive skin types.

Irritation

moderate

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Surfactant

PPG-2 Cocamine

PPG-2 Cocamine

3.5

A mild surfactant that helps cleanse and condition, but may cause irritation for sensitive skin at higher concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Surfactant

PPG-2 Deceth-10

PPG-2-DECETH-10

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps cleansers and lotions mix oil and water without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Deceth-50

PPG-2-DECETH-50

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and lotions, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Isodeceth-25

PPG-2-ISODECETH-25

3.5

A mild synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and lotions, generally well-tolerated.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Isodeceth-4

PPG-2-ISODECETH-4

3.5

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and shampoos, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Isodeceth-6

PPG-2-ISODECETH-6

3.5

A mild synthetic emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in cleansers and lotions, generally well-tolerated by most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Laureth-5

PPG-2-Laureth-5

3.5

A synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water; generally safe but may cause mild irritation for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Laureth-8

PPG-2-Laureth-8

3.5

PPG-2 Laureth-8 is a synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers, but may be slightly drying for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Tallowamine

PPG-2 TALLOWAMINE

3.0

PPG-2 Tallowamine is an effective emulsifier but may cause irritation for sensitive skin and is not suitable for those avoiding animal-derived ingredients.

Irritation

moderate

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2 Tocophereth-5

PPG-2 Tocophereth-5

4.0

A mild, vitamin-E-derived cleansing agent that helps remove dirt and oil without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactantantioxidant
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Surfactant

PPG-2-Buteth-1

PPG-2-Buteth-1

3.5

A mild synthetic surfactant that helps products spread and rinse cleanly, but offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2-Buteth-2

PPG-2-Buteth-2

3.5

A mild synthetic surfactant that helps cleansers foam and rinse cleanly, but offers no skin benefit beyond cleansing.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2-Buteth-3

PPG-2-Buteth-3

3.5

A mild synthetic helper that blends oil and water, generally safe but not a star ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PPG-2-Ceteareth-9

PPG-2-CETEARETH-9

3.8

A workhorse emulsifier that helps water and oil mix in your creams and cleansers, generally well-tolerated but not a star active ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PPG-2-Ceteth-10

PPG-2-CETETH-10

3.8

PPG-2-Ceteth-10 is a gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps oil and water mix in your skincare products, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2-Deceth-12

PPG-2-Deceth-12

3.5

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps cleansers and lotions mix smoothly without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2-Deceth-15

PPG-2-Deceth-15

4.0

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps cleansers and lotions mix oil and water without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PPG-2-Deceth-20

PPG-2-Deceth-20

3.5

PPG-2-Deceth-20 is a mild synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but may cause irritation for very sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review