Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 577
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Soothing Agent

Bacopa Monniera Oil

BACOPA MONNIERA OIL

3.8

Bacopa Monniera Oil is a gentle, antioxidant-rich oil that may help calm stressed skin, but research on its cosmetic benefits is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Bakumondou Extract

OPHIOPOGON JAPONICUS ROOT EXTRACT

4.0

Bakumondou extract is a gentle, plant-based ingredient that helps calm irritation and support skin hydration, though research on its cosmetic benefits is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Balloon Vine Extract

CARDIOSPERMUM HALICACABUM FLOWER/LEAF/VINE EXTRACT

3.8

Balloon vine extract is a gentle, plant-derived ingredient that may help calm irritated skin and provide antioxidant protection, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Balsam Fir Resin

Abies Balsamea Resin

3.8

A natural tree resin with potential soothing benefits, but may cause irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Bamboo & Honey Ferment Filtrate

LACTOBACILLUS/PHYLLOSTACHYS PUBESCENS STEM/HONEY FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle, fermented ingredient that may help soothe and hydrate skin, but research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Bamboo Shoot Extract

BAMBUSA VULGARIS SHOOT EXTRACT

4.0

Bamboo Shoot Extract is a gentle, silica-rich ingredient that helps soothe and hydrate skin, making it a great choice for sensitive or irritated complexions.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Barley Seed Ferment Extract

SACCHAROMYCES/BARLEY SEED FERMENT EXTRACT

4.0

A gentle, fermented ingredient that helps soothe and hydrate the skin, making it a good choice for sensitive or irritated skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Bean Phytoplacenta Ferment

Phaseolus Vulgaris Phytoplacenta Conditioned Media

3.8

A gentle, plant-based ferment that may help calm irritation and support skin barrier function, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing agent

Bermuda Grass Powder

CYNODON DACTYLON POWDER

3.5

A gentle, plant-based powder with antioxidant potential, but research is limited and it may not be a standout ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Beta-Caryophyllene

BETA-CARYOPHYLLENE

4.0

Beta-Caryophyllene is a plant-derived compound that helps calm skin and fight oxidative stress, making it a gentle addition to soothing formulations.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Humectant

Beta-Glucan Palmitate

Beta-Glucan Palmitate

4.0

A gentle, semi-synthetic humectant that helps hydrate and calm the skin, with improved stability over plain beta-glucan.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehumectantsoothing agent
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Skin Conditioning Agent

Beta-Sitosterol

Beta-Sitosterol

4.0

Beta-sitosterol is a gentle plant sterol that helps calm irritation and supports a healthy skin barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing agent

Bifida Soy Ferment

Bifida Ferment Lysate, Glycine Soja (Soybean) Extract

4.0

A fermented probiotic-soy blend that may help calm skin and support a healthy skin barrier, but research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Bis-Dihydroxycinnamido Propane

Bis-Dihydroxycinnamido Propane

4.0

A gentle, synthetic ingredient that helps calm redness and support a healthy skin barrier, making it a good choice for sensitive or reactive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Bisabolol

Bisabolol

4.5

Bisabolol is a gentle, plant-derived ingredient that helps calm redness and irritation, making it a great choice for sensitive or reactive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing agent

Bitter Melon Stem Sap

MOMORDICA CHARANTIA STEM SAP

3.8

A gentle, plant-based sap that may help calm skin and provide antioxidant support, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing agent

Bladderwrack Powder

Fucus vesiculosus powder

3.8

Bladderwrack powder is a gentle seaweed ingredient that can help soothe and condition the skin, but it is not a proven treatment for any skin condition.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Bletilla Striata Callus Powder

Bletilla Striata Callus Powder

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived ingredient that may help calm irritation and protect skin from environmental stress, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Blue Cypress Oil

CALLITRIS INTRATROPICA WOOD OIL

4.0

Blue Cypress Oil is a gentle, aromatic oil that may help calm and moisturize the skin, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Boerhavia Repens Extract

BOERHAVIA REPENS EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with soothing and antioxidant potential, best for sensitive or irritated skin, though clinical evidence is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing agent

Borneol

BORNEOL

3.8

Borneol offers a cooling, soothing feel and mild antimicrobial benefits, but it can be irritating for sensitive skin at higher concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Bornyl Isovalerate

BORNYL ISOVALERATE

4.0

Bornyl Isovalerate is a gentle, plant-derived ingredient that helps calm irritated skin and reduce redness, making it a promising addition to sensitive-skin formulations.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Boswellia Gum Resin Extract

Boswellia Sacra Gum/Resin Extract

4.0

A gentle, plant-based ingredient that helps calm redness and protect skin from environmental stress.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Boswellia Serrata Water

BOSWELLIA SERRATA WATER

4.0

A mild, water-based form of frankincense that may help calm redness and support a balanced complexion.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Brasenia Schreberi Leaf Extract

Brasenia Schreberi Leaf Extract

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich aquatic extract that may help calm irritated skin and defend against environmental stress, though human studies are still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Bugleweed Cell Culture Extract

Ajuga Reptans Cell Culture Extract

3.8

A gentle, lab-grown plant extract that may help calm skin and fight free radicals, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Bulbine Frutescens Leaf Juice

BULBINE FRUTESCENS LEAF JUICE

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived ingredient that helps calm and hydrate the skin, with traditional use for minor skin irritations.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing agent

Bupleurum Falcatum Callus Extract

BUPLEURUM FALCATUM CALLUS CULTURE EXTRACT

4.0

A gentle, lab-grown plant extract that may help calm skin and fight free radicals, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Burdock Root Water

Arctium Majus Root Water

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived water that helps calm irritated skin and provides light hydration without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Burnet Xylem Sap

Sanguisorba Officinalis Xylem Sap

3.8

A gentle, plant-derived sap that may help calm irritated skin and provide antioxidant protection, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Bursera Bipinnata Resin Extract

BURSERA BIPINNATA RESIN EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle, plant-based resin extract with antioxidant and soothing potential, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Cooling Agent

Butyl Hydroxycyclohexane Carboxylate

Butyl Hydroxycyclohexane Carboxylate

4.0

A synthetic cooling agent that provides a gentle, menthol-like sensation without strong odor or irritation, often used to soothe and refresh the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Butylidenephthalide

Butylidenephthalide

3.5

A plant-derived compound with promising anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential, but research in topical cosmetics is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Calcium Pantetheine Sulfonate

CALCIUM PANTETHEINE SULFONATE

4.0

A gentle, vitamin B5-related ingredient that helps calm irritation and support the skin's natural barrier without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Calendula Callus Extract

CALENDULA OFFICINALIS CALLUS EXTRACT

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived extract that may help calm irritated skin and provide antioxidant protection, though research on the callus form is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Calendula Ferment Filtrate

LACTOBACILLUS/CALENDULA OFFICINALIS FLOWER EXTRACT FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle fermented calendula extract that may help calm and protect sensitive skin, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Calendula Flower Oil

Calendula Officinalis Flower Oil

4.2

A gentle, plant-derived oil that helps calm irritated skin and supports moisture retention without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Calendula Meristem Cell Extract

Calendula Officinalis Meristem Cell Extract

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived ingredient that may help calm irritated skin and provide antioxidant protection, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Skin conditioning agent

Camellia Ferment Extract

Pseudozyma Epicola/Camellia Japonica Seed Oil Ferment Extract Filtrate

3.8

A fermented camellia seed oil extract that may offer soothing and conditioning benefits, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Camellia Japonica Flower Water

CAMELLIA JAPONICA FLOWER WATER

4.0

A gentle, hydrating floral water that soothes skin and adds a light, natural fragrance—great for sensitive or dry skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing agent

Camphor

Camphor

3.5

Camphor offers a cooling, soothing sensation and mild anti-itch benefits, but can be irritating for sensitive skin and should be used in low concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Camphor Adventitious Root Extract

Cinnamomum Camphora Adventitious Root Extract

3.8

A gentle root extract from the camphor tree that may help calm skin and fight free radicals, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Camphor Bark Extract

Cinnamomum Camphora Bark Extract

3.5

Camphor bark extract offers a cooling, soothing effect and mild antimicrobial benefits, but can be irritating for sensitive skin and is best used in low concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Camphor Branch/Leaf Extract

Cinnamomum Camphora Branch/Leaf Extract

3.5

Camphor extract offers a cooling, soothing sensation but can be irritating for sensitive skin, especially at higher concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Camphor Gum Extract

Cinnamomum Camphora Gum Extract

3.5

Camphor gum extract offers a cooling, soothing sensation but can be irritating for sensitive skin at higher concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Camphor Wood Extract

Cinnamomum Camphora Wood Extract

3.5

Camphor wood extract can provide a cooling sensation and mild antimicrobial benefits, but it may irritate sensitive skin and is best used in low concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Canarium Luzonicum Gum Extract

Canarium Luzonicum Gum Extract

4.0

A gentle, plant-based extract that helps calm skin and fight free radical damage, often used in natural and sensitive-skin formulations.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Candlenut Extract

Aleurites Moluccanus Extract

3.8

A gentle, plant-derived extract that may help calm and hydrate the skin, but research is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing agent

Cannabidiol

CANNABIDIOL

4.0

CBD is a trendy hemp-derived ingredient that may help calm redness and provide antioxidant protection, but research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Cape Aloe Extract

Aloe Ferox Leaf Extract

4.0

A gentle, hydrating extract from the Cape aloe plant that helps calm and moisturize skin with antioxidant support.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing agent

Cape Chamomile Oil

Eriocephalus punctulatus oil

4.0

Cape chamomile oil is a gentle, aromatic oil that may help calm irritated skin and provide antioxidant benefits, but it is primarily used for its pleasant scent and soothing reputation.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing agent

Capryloyl Argininamide HCl

CAPRYLYL LAUROYL ARGININAMIDE HCL

4.0

A gentle, lab-made ingredient that helps calm reactive skin by mimicking natural soothing signals in the body.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Carex Humillis Root Extract

Carex Humillis Root Extract

3.8

A gentle plant-root extract with antioxidant and soothing potential, but research is limited and benefits are not yet well-established in clinical studies.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing agent

Caryophyllene Oxide

CARYOPHYLLENE OXIDE

3.8

A gentle botanical compound that may help calm skin and fight oxidative stress, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Cassumunar Ginger Root Oil

Zingiber Cassumunar Root Oil

4.0

Cassumunar Ginger Root Oil is a gentle, aromatic oil with soothing and antioxidant potential, best suited for calming irritated or sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Centella Asiatica Adventitious Root Extract

CENTELLA ASIATICA ADVENTITIOUS ROOT EXTRACT

4.5

A lab-grown version of the classic soothing ingredient, offering reliable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits with minimal irritation risk.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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Soothing Agent

Centella Asiatica Callus Culture Extract

CENTELLA ASIATICA CALLUS CONDITIONED MEDIA

4.3

A lab-grown version of the popular centella asiatica (cica) that delivers soothing and skin-repairing benefits with high purity and consistency.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaresoothing agent
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