Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 20,303
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Antistatic Agent

Soyalkonium Chloride

SOYALKONIUM CHLORIDE

3.8

A gentle, plant-derived conditioning ingredient that reduces static and softens hair without heavy buildup.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareconditioning agent
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Surfactant

Soyamide DEA

SOYAMIDE DEA

3.5

Soyamide DEA helps create rich lather and thick texture in cleansers, but it may cause mild irritation for sensitive skin and has raised some safety concerns due to potential contamination with DEA-related impurities.

Irritation

moderate

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Surfactant

Soyamide DIPA

SOYAMIDE DIPA AMIDES

3.5

A gentle, plant-based surfactant that helps create rich lather and thicken cleansers, but may be less effective in hard water.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarecleansing
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Antistatic Agent

Soyamidopropalkonium Chloride

Soyamidopropalkonium Chloride

3.8

A gentle conditioning ingredient from soy that reduces static and softens hair, but may cause mild irritation in sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Soyamidopropyl Betaine

SOYAMIDOPROPYL BETAINE

4.0

A gentle, coconut-derived surfactant that cleanses without stripping the skin, making it ideal for sensitive or dry skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Conditioning Agent

Soyamidopropyl Dimethylamine

Soyamidopropyl Dimethylamine

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived conditioning agent that softens hair and skin without heavy buildup.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehaircareconditioning agent
Read ingredient review

Conditioning Agent

Soyamidopropyl Ethyldimonium Ethosulfate

SOYAMIDOPROPYL ETHYLDIMONIUM ETHOSULFATE

4.0

A gentle, soy-derived conditioning ingredient that reduces static and improves softness without heavy buildup, suitable for most hair types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehaircareconditioning agent
Read ingredient review

Conditioning Agent

Soyamidopropyl Wheat Protein

SOYAMIDOETHYLDIMONIUM/TRIMONIUM HYDROXYPROPYL HYDROLYZED WHEAT PROTEIN

4.0

A gentle conditioning ingredient derived from wheat protein that helps reduce static and improve softness in hair and skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehaircareconditioning agent
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Surfactant

Soyamidopropylamine Oxide

Soyamidopropylamine Oxide

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived surfactant that helps create rich foam and improve cleansing without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing agent
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Surfactant

Soyamine

Soyamine

3.5

Soyamine is a plant-derived emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but it may be moderately irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Surfactant

Soyaminopropylamine

Soyaminopropylamine

3.5

A gentle conditioning agent from soy that helps soften hair and skin, but may cause irritation for sensitive types at higher concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Soybean Extract

Glycine Soja (Soybean) Extract

4.0

Soybean extract is a gentle, antioxidant-rich ingredient that helps hydrate and protect the skin, but may not be suitable for those with soy allergies.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Emollient

Soybean Lipids

Glycine Soja Lipids

4.0

Soybean Lipids are gentle, plant-derived emollients that replenish the skin barrier and provide lasting softness without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareemollient
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Emollient

Soybean Oil

Glycine Soja Oil

4.0

Soybean oil is a gentle, nourishing emollient that helps soften and smooth skin, but it may clog pores for some people.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareemollient
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Antioxidant

Soybean Oil Ferulate Esters

Soybean Oil/Ferulate Esters

4.0

A stable antioxidant that combines the benefits of soybean oil and ferulic acid to help protect skin from oxidative stress.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Emollient

Soybean Oil Glycereth-8 Esters

SOYBEAN OIL GLYCERETH-8 ESTERS

4.0

A gentle, semi-synthetic emollient that softens skin without clogging pores, ideal for sensitive and dry skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollient
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Emulsifier

Soybean Oil PEG-20 Esters

SOYBEAN OIL PEG-20 ESTERS

3.8

A gentle emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but its PEG component raises mild purity concerns for some users.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Soybean Oil PEG-36 Esters

SOYBEAN OIL PEG-36 ESTERS

3.8

A gentle, PEG-modified soybean oil that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and lotions, but may raise concerns for those avoiding PEG compounds.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Soybean Oil PEG-8 Esters

SOYBEAN OIL PEG-8 ESTERS

4.0

A gentle emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in skincare products, with mild skin-conditioning benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emollient

Soybean Oil Unsaponifiables

Glycine Soja Oil Unsaponifiables

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived ingredient that helps soothe and support the skin barrier without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareemollient
Read ingredient review

Humectant

Soybean Pulp Extract

Glycine Max Pulp

4.0

A gentle, plant-based ingredient that helps hydrate and soothe the skin, but its benefits are modest compared to more researched actives.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarehumectant
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Antioxidant

Soybean Seed Extract

GLYCINE SOJA SEED EXTRACT

4.0

A gentle antioxidant-rich extract that helps calm skin and fight free radicals, ideal for sensitive or aging skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Humectant

Soybean Seed Water

Glycine Soja Seed Water

4.0

A gentle, hydrating water from soybeans that also offers antioxidant protection, suitable for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarehumectant
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Antioxidant

Soybean Seedcake Extract

Glycine Soja (Soybean) Seedcake Extract

3.8

A gentle, antioxidant-rich extract from soybean processing that may help calm and protect the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antistatic Agent

Soyethyldimonium Ethosulfate

SOYETHYLDIMONIUM ETHOSULFATE

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived conditioning ingredient that helps reduce static and soften hair without heavy buildup.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehaircareconditioning agent
Read ingredient review

Antistatic Agent

Soytrimonium Chloride

SOYTRIMONIUM CHLORIDE

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived conditioning ingredient that helps soften hair and reduce frizz without heavy buildup.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Spanish Moss Callus Extract

Tillandsia Usneoides Callus Extract

3.8

A gentle, lab-grown botanical extract that may help calm skin and fight free radicals, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Spanish Moss Extract

Tillandsia Usneoides Extract

3.8

Spanish Moss Extract is a gentle botanical antioxidant that may help soothe and protect skin, but research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Spanish Sage Extract

Salvia Officinalis Lavandulifolia Herb Extract

4.0

A gentle herbal extract that may help calm skin and fight free radical damage, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Fragrance

Spanish Sage Leaf Oil

Salvia Lavandulifolia Leaf Oil

3.8

Spanish Sage Leaf Oil adds a fresh herbal scent and may offer mild antimicrobial benefits, but it can be irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance

Spanish Sage Oil

Salvia Officinalis Lavandulifolia Herb Oil

3.8

Spanish Sage Oil offers antimicrobial and soothing benefits but can be irritating for sensitive skin if used undiluted or at high concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincareessential oil
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Antioxidant

Sparassis Crispa & Usnea Ferment

Sparassis Crispa Mycelium/Usnea Longissima Ferment Extract Filtrate

3.8

A fermented mushroom-lichen blend that may offer antioxidant and soothing benefits, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Sparassis Crispa Ferment Filtrate

Sparassis Crispa Ferment Filtrate

3.8

A gentle, fermented mushroom extract that may help calm skin and defend against environmental stress, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Antioxidant

Sparassis Latifolia Powder

Sparassis Latifolia Powder

4.0

A mushroom-derived powder that may help soothe skin and fight oxidative stress, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Spatholobus Bark Extract

SPATHOLOBUS PARVIFLORUS BARK EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle plant extract with antioxidant potential, but research is still early and benefits are not yet proven in human skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Soothing Agent

Spearmint Extract

Mentha Spicata Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract

3.8

Spearmint extract offers a refreshing, soothing feel with mild astringent benefits, but its fragrance components can irritate sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical
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Soothing Agent

Spearmint Leaf Extract

Mentha Viridis Leaf Extract

3.8

Spearmint Leaf Extract offers gentle soothing and antioxidant benefits, but its effects are mild and best suited for normal to oily skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical
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Astringent

Spearmint Leaf Juice

Mentha Viridis Leaf Juice

3.8

Spearmint Leaf Juice offers a gentle, minty refresh for normal to oily skin, but its benefits are mostly anecdotal and it may cause sensitivity in very reactive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical
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Fragrance

Spearmint Leaf Oil

Mentha Viridis Leaf Oil

3.8

Spearmint Leaf Oil adds a fresh minty scent and mild antimicrobial benefits, but can be irritating for sensitive skin in high concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
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Astringent

Spearmint Leaf Powder

Mentha Viridis Leaf Powder

3.8

Spearmint leaf powder offers gentle astringent and soothing benefits, but its effectiveness in skincare is not well-studied and may vary by formulation.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical
Read ingredient review

Fragrance

Spearmint Oil

Mentha Spicata Herb Oil

3.8

Spearmint oil adds a fresh minty scent and mild antimicrobial benefits, but can irritate sensitive skin at high concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Speedwell Extract

Veronica Officinalis Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant potential, but research on its cosmetic benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Speedwell Leaf Extract

Veronica Officinalis Leaf Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant potential, but research on its specific skin benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Humectant

Spelt Seed Water

TRITICUM SPELTA SEED WATER

4.0

Spelt seed water is a gentle, hydrating ingredient that provides antioxidant benefits and helps soothe the skin, making it a good choice for sensitive or dry skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarehumectant
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Emollient

Spent Grain Wax

SPENT GRAIN WAX

4.0

A sustainable, plant-based wax that helps thicken and stabilize formulas while providing a smooth, non-greasy feel.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareemollient
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Soothing Agent

Speranskia Tuberculata Extract

Speranskia Tuberculata Extract

3.5

A gentle plant extract with early evidence of soothing and antioxidant benefits, but more research is needed to confirm its efficacy in skincare.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Spergularia Rubra Extract

SPERGULARIA RUBRA EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with soothing and antioxidant potential, best for sensitive or irritated skin, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Cell regulator

Spermidine

Spermidine

4.2

Spermidine is a promising anti-aging ingredient that encourages skin cell renewal and may help reduce fine lines, but human research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareanti-aging
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Antioxidant

Sphacelaria Scoparia Extract

Sphacelaria Scoparia Extract

3.8

A gentle brown algae extract that may help calm skin and fight free radical damage, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
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Humectant

Sphagnum Magellanicum Extract

Sphagnum Magellanicum Extract

4.0

A gentle, water-loving moss extract that helps hydrate and calm the skin, but research on its specific benefits is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarehumectantsoothing
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Soothing Agent

Sphagnum Moss Extract

Sphagnum Squarrosum Extract

3.8

A gentle, natural extract from sphagnum moss that may help calm irritated skin and provide light hydration, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Skin-identical lipid

Sphinganine

Sphinganine

4.3

A skin-identical lipid that strengthens the moisture barrier and calms sensitivity.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarelipid
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Skin conditioning agent

Sphingobacterium Ferment Extract

Sphingobacterium Ferment Extract

4.0

A gentle, probiotic-derived ingredient that may help balance the skin microbiome and strengthen the skin barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaremicrobiome
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Skin barrier supporter

Sphingolipids

Sphingolipids

4.5

Sphingolipids are essential building blocks for a healthy skin barrier, helping to lock in moisture and protect against irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaremoisturizer
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