Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 20,303
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Surfactant

Sodium C12-15 Pareth-7 Sulfonate

SODIUM C12-15 PARETH-7 SULFONATE

3.8

A gentle cleansing agent that helps remove dirt and oil without stripping the skin, making it a good choice for sensitive or dry skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleanser
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Surfactant

Sodium C12-15 Pareth-8 Carboxylate

SODIUM C12-15 PARETH-8 CARBOXYLATE

4.0

A gentle, effective cleanser that removes impurities without over-drying, making it a good choice for sensitive or dry skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleanser
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Sodium C12-18 Alkyl Sulfate

Sodium C12-18 Alkyl Sulfate

3.5

A strong but effective cleanser that can be drying or irritating for sensitive skin, best suited for oily or normal skin types in rinse-off formulas.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleanser
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Surfactant

Sodium C13-15 Pareth-3 Sulfate

Sodium C13-15 Pareth-3 Sulfate

3.8

A milder alternative to sodium lauryl sulfate that still provides good foam and cleansing, but may still be drying for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium C13-15 Pareth-8 Phosphate

SODIUM C13-15 PARETH-8 PHOSPHATE

3.8

A gentle synthetic surfactant that helps cleanse without stripping the skin, but offers no direct skincare benefits beyond cleansing.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Surfactant

Sodium C14-16 Olefin Sulfonate

Sodium C14-16 Olefin Sulfonate

3.5

A strong foaming cleanser that can be drying or irritating for sensitive skin, but is generally safe for normal skin types.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleanser
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Sodium C14-17 Alkyl Sec Sulfonate

Sodium C14-17 Alkyl Sec Sulfonate

3.8

A gentle, effective cleanser that removes dirt and oil without stripping the skin, making it a good alternative to harsher sulfates.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleanser
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Sodium C14-18 Olefin Sulfonate

SODIUM C14-18 OLEFIN SULFONATE

3.5

A strong foaming cleanser that effectively removes dirt and oil but can be drying or irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing agent
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Sodium C16-18 Olefin Sulfonate

SODIUM C16-18 OLEFIN SULFONATE

3.5

A strong foaming cleanser that can be drying or irritating for sensitive skin, but is generally safe for normal skin types.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Sodium C16-20 Alkyl Sulfate

SODIUM C16-20 ALKYL SULFATE

3.5

A strong but effective cleanser that can be drying or irritating for sensitive skin, though less harsh than shorter-chain sulfates.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleanser
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Surfactant

Sodium C8-10 Alkyl Sulfate

SODIUM C8-10 ALKYL SULFATE

3.8

A gentle, sulfate-based cleanser that effectively removes impurities while being less harsh than traditional sodium lauryl sulfate.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleanser
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Surfactant

Sodium C9-11 Pareth-6 Carboxylate

SODIUM C9-11 PARETH-6 CARBOXYLATE

4.0

A gentle, synthetic cleanser that effectively removes impurities while being less likely to cause irritation than traditional sulfates.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleanser
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Sodium C9-22 Alkyl Sec Sulfonate

SODIUM C9-22 ALKYL SEC SULFONATE

4.0

A gentle, effective cleanser that removes dirt and oil without stripping the skin, making it a good alternative to harsher sulfates.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleanser
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Bulking Agent

Sodium Calcium Boron Phosphate

SODIUM CALCIUM BORON PHOSPHATE

3.5

A safe, non-irritating mineral powder that improves texture and slip in makeup, but offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaretexturizer
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Abrasive

Sodium Calcium Zinc Phosphate

SODIUM CALCIUM ZINC PHOSPHATE

3.5

A gentle mineral abrasive often found in toothpaste and exfoliating products, considered safe and non-irritating for most people.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareoral care
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Surfactant

Sodium Camellia Seedate

SODIUM CAMELLIA JAPONICA SEEDATE

4.3

A mild, plant-derived cleanser that effectively removes dirt and oil without stripping the skin's natural moisture barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarecleanser
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Sodium Caprate

Sodium Caprate

3.8

A mild cleansing agent from coconut oil that helps remove dirt and oil, but may be drying for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarecleansing agent
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Surfactant

Sodium Caproamphopropionate

Sodium Caproamphopropionate

4.0

A gentle surfactant that cleanses effectively while being kind to sensitive skin, often used in sulfate-free formulas.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleanser
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Humectant

Sodium Caprooyl Hyaluronate

Sodium Caprooyl Hyaluronate

4.3

A modified hyaluronic acid that sticks better to skin for deeper, longer-lasting hydration without irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
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Surfactant

Sodium Caproyl Glutamate

SODIUM CAPRYLOYL GLUTAMATE

4.5

A mild, effective cleanser that respects the skin barrier and is well-tolerated by sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleanser
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Surfactant

Sodium Caproyl Lactylate

SODIUM CAPROYL LACTYLATE

4.5

A mild, biodegradable surfactant that cleanses effectively while respecting the skin barrier — ideal for sensitive or dry skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleanser
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Surfactant

Sodium Caproyl Methyltaurate

Sodium Caproyl Methyltaurate

4.5

A mild, effective cleanser that creates a rich foam without stripping the skin, making it ideal for sensitive or dry skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing agent
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Sodium Caproyl Prolinate

Sodium Caproyl Prolinate

4.3

A mild, amino-acid-based cleanser that effectively removes dirt and oil while respecting your skin's natural barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleanser
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Sodium Caprylate

Sodium Caprylate

4.0

A gentle, soap-like cleanser that helps remove dirt and oil without stripping the skin, making it a good choice for sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing agent
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Sodium Capryloamphoacetate

Sodium Capryloamphoacetate

4.3

A gentle, coconut-derived surfactant that cleans effectively without stripping the skin barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Sodium Caprylyl PG-Sulfonate

SODIUM CAPRYLYL PG-SULFONATE

4.0

A gentle, coconut-derived surfactant that cleanses effectively without over-drying, making it a good choice for sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Sodium Caprylyl Sulfate

SODIUM CAPRYLYL SULFATE

4.0

A gentle, coconut-derived surfactant that cleans effectively without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Sodium Caprylyl Sulfonate

Sodium Caprylyl Sulfonate

4.0

A gentle, coconut-derived surfactant that effectively cleanses without over-drying, making it a good choice for sensitive or dry skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleanser
Read ingredient review

pH Adjuster

Sodium Carbonate

Sodium Carbonate

3.5

Sodium carbonate is a safe pH adjuster in small amounts, but can be drying or irritating at high concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepH adjuster
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Surfactant

Sodium Carboxyethyl Tallow Polypropylamine

SODIUM CARBOXYETHYL TALLOW POLYPROPYLAMINE

3.5

An effective cleansing and conditioning ingredient, but may cause mild irritation for sensitive skin and has environmental concerns due to tallow sourcing.

Irritation

moderate

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
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Humectant

Sodium Carboxymethyl Beta-Glucan

SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL BETA-GLUCAN

4.3

A gentle, water-soluble derivative of beta-glucan that hydrates, soothes, and helps strengthen the skin barrier without irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
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Film Former

Sodium Carboxymethyl Chitin

SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CHITIN

4.0

A gentle, water-soluble derivative of chitin that helps hydrate and form a protective film on skin, making it a good option for sensitive or dry skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

Sodium Carboxymethyl Chitosan Lauramide

SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CHITOSAN LAURAMIDE

4.0

A gentle, multi-tasking chitosan derivative that hydrates, forms a protective film, and offers mild cleansing without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
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Humectant

Sodium Carboxymethyl Dextran

SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL DEXTRAN

4.0

A gentle, water-soluble derivative of dextran that helps hydrate and form a light film on skin, often used to improve texture and moisture retention.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehumectantfilm-former
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Humectant

Sodium Carboxymethyl Inulin

Sodium Carboxymethyl Inulin

4.0

A gentle, plant-based humectant that hydrates and forms a protective film on skin, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
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