Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 20,303
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Viscosity Controlling

PEG/PPG-240/60 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-240/60 COPOLYMER

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that gives water-based products a silky, non-sticky feel, but offers no active skin benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG/PPG-25/25 Dimethicone

PEG/PPG-25/25 Dimethicone

4.0

A gentle silicone emulsifier that helps create smooth, stable formulas without feeling heavy or greasy.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG/PPG-25/30 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-25/30 Copolymer

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener and emulsifier that improves product texture and stability without major skin concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEG/PPG-26/31 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-26/31 Copolymer

3.8

A safe, gentle synthetic polymer that helps products feel smooth and spread evenly without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm former
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG/PPG-27/27 Dimethicone

PEG/PPG-27/27 Dimethicone

4.0

A gentle silicone emulsifier that helps blend water and oil phases, giving products a silky, non-greasy feel.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PEG/PPG-28/21 Acetate Dimethicone

PEG/PPG-28/21 Acetate Dimethicone

4.0

A gentle silicone that improves texture and feel in skincare and haircare, but may not suit those avoiding silicones.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehaircaresilicone
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEG/PPG-28/30 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-28/30 Copolymer

3.8

A safe synthetic polymer that helps products spread smoothly and feel lightweight on skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG/PPG-3/10 Dimethicone

PEG/PPG-3/10 Dimethicone

4.0

A gentle silicone emulsifier that improves product texture and spreadability with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEG/PPG-3/17 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-3/17 COPOLYMER

3.8

A gentle synthetic polymer that helps products feel smooth and spread easily, with low irritation risk.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Humectant

PEG/PPG-3/6 Dimethyl Ether

PEG/PPG-3/6 Dimethyl Ether

4.0

A gentle synthetic humectant that hydrates and improves product feel without common irritation or stickiness.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG/PPG-30/10 Dimethicone

PEG/PPG-30/10 Dimethicone

4.0

A gentle silicone emulsifier that improves product texture and spreadability without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

PEG/PPG-30/10 Tocopheryl Ether

PEG/PPG-30/10 Tocopheryl Ether

4.0

A stable, water-friendly version of vitamin E that helps protect skin from environmental damage without the greasiness of pure tocopherol.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Viscosity Controlling Agent

PEG/PPG-30/160 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-30/160 Copolymer

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that gives water-based products a silky feel without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaretexturizer
Read ingredient review

Humectant

PEG/PPG-30/33 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-30/33 Copolymer

3.8

A safe, water-attracting polymer that helps products feel smooth and spread easily, but offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG/PPG-30/35 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-30/35 Copolymer

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that improves product texture and stability, but offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEG/PPG-30/55 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-30/55 Copolymer

3.8

A gentle synthetic polymer that helps products feel smooth and spread evenly without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEG/PPG-300/55 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-300/55 COPOLYMER

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that helps products feel smooth and spread evenly, but offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Humectant

PEG/PPG-32/3 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-32/3 Copolymer

3.8

A gentle synthetic humectant that helps keep skin hydrated and improves product feel without common irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG/PPG-32/3 Diricinoleate

PEG/PPG-32/3 Diricinoleate

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in creams and lotions, but may not suit those avoiding PEG compounds.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG/PPG-32/3 Ricinoleate

PEG/PPG-32/3 Ricinoleate

3.5

A reliable emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and creams, but may not suit those avoiding PEG compounds.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG/PPG-35/40 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-35/40 Copolymer

3.8

A safe, synthetic thickener that improves product texture and stability, but offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarethickener
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEG/PPG-38/8 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-38/8 Copolymer

3.8

A gentle synthetic polymer that helps products spread smoothly and feel lightweight on skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm former
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PEG/PPG-4/12 Dimethicone

PEG/PPG-4/12 Dimethicone

4.0

A gentle silicone that improves product feel and spreadability, generally well-tolerated by most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehaircareemollient
Read ingredient review

Humectant

PEG/PPG-4/2 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-4/2 Copolymer

4.0

A gentle synthetic polymer that helps products feel smooth and spread easily without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG/PPG-4/2 Propylheptyl Ether

PEG/PPG-4/2 Propylheptyl Ether

3.8

A synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in skincare, generally well-tolerated but not a star active ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Thickener

PEG/PPG-450/50 TMP Lauryl Ether

PEG/PPG-450/50 TRIMETHYLOLPROPANE LAURYL ETHER

3.8

A synthetic thickener that helps create rich, stable textures in cleansers and lotions, generally well-tolerated but not biodegradable.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

PEG/PPG-5/10 Tocopheryl Ether

PEG/PPG-5/10 Tocopheryl Ether

4.0

A gentle, modified vitamin E that helps protect skin from environmental stress without the greasiness of pure vitamin E.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

PEG/PPG-5/20 Tocopheryl Ether

PEG/PPG-5/20 Tocopheryl Ether

4.0

A gentle, modified vitamin E that offers antioxidant protection and skin conditioning without the stability issues of pure vitamin E.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PEG/PPG-5/3 Trisiloxane

PEG/PPG-5/3 Trisiloxane

4.0

A lightweight silicone that makes products feel silky and spread easily, with a very low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresilicone
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEG/PPG-5/30 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-5/30 Copolymer

3.8

A gentle synthetic polymer that helps products spread smoothly and feel lightweight, but offers no active skin benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

PEG/PPG-5/30 Tocopheryl Ether

PEG/PPG-5/30 Tocopheryl Ether

4.0

A water-friendly version of vitamin E that helps protect skin from environmental damage without the greasy feel of pure tocopherol.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Humectant

PEG/PPG-5/35 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-5/35 Copolymer

4.0

A gentle, water-binding polymer that helps keep skin hydrated and products feel smooth without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

PEG/PPG-50/20 Tocopheryl Ether

PEG/PPG-50/20 Tocopheryl Ether

4.0

A water-friendly version of vitamin E that helps protect skin from environmental stress without feeling greasy.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

PEG/PPG-50/40 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-50/40 Copolymer

3.5

A gentle synthetic polymer that helps blend oil and water, making cleansers and lotions feel smooth without heavy irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Solvent

PEG/PPG-52/32 Dimethyl Ether

PEG/PPG-52/32 Dimethyl Ether

3.8

A gentle, water-soluble polymer that helps other ingredients absorb better and leaves skin feeling smooth without greasiness.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresolvent
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PEG/PPG-6/11 Dimethicone

PEG/PPG-6/11 Dimethicone

4.0

A gentle silicone that makes products feel silky and spread easily, but may not suit those avoiding silicones entirely.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehaircare
Read ingredient review

Film Former

PEG/PPG-6/2 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-6/2 Copolymer

4.0

A safe, synthetic ingredient that helps products feel smooth and spread evenly while lightly hydrating the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
Read ingredient review

Emollient

PEG/PPG-6/2 Glyceryl Cocoate

PEG/PPG-6/2 Glyceryl Cocoate

4.0

A gentle, coconut-derived cleansing and softening ingredient that helps products rinse cleanly without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG/PPG-6/2 Propylheptyl Ether

PEG/PPG-6/2 Propylheptyl Ether

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in creams and cleansers, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG/PPG-6/4 Dimethicone

PEG/PPG-6/4 Dimethicone

4.0

A gentle silicone emulsifier that improves texture and spreadability, but may not suit those avoiding silicones.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Humectant

PEG/PPG-60/11 Glycerin

PEG/PPG-60/11 Glycerin

4.0

A gentle, modified glycerin that pulls moisture into the skin without feeling sticky, making it a great option for dry or sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Humectant

PEG/PPG-7/12 Dimethyl Ether

PEG/PPG-7/12 Dimethyl Ether

3.8

A gentle synthetic humectant that helps products feel smooth and non-sticky, but offers only surface-level hydration.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG/PPG-7/2 Propylheptyl Ether

PEG/PPG-7/2 Propylheptyl Ether

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in skincare, generally well-tolerated but not a star active ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaresurfactant
Read ingredient review

Humectant

PEG/PPG-7/50 Copolymer

PEG/PPG-7/50 Copolymer

3.8

A synthetic humectant that helps hydrate and smooth the skin, but offers limited unique benefits compared to more established ingredients.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

PEG/PPG-70/30 Tocopheryl Ether

PEG/PPG-70/30 Tocopheryl Ether

4.0

A water-friendly version of vitamin E that helps protect skin from environmental stress without the greasy feel of pure vitamin E.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PEG/PPG-8/14 Dimethicone

PEG/PPG-8/14 Dimethicone

4.0

A versatile silicone emulsifier that improves product texture and spreadability with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review