Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 20,303
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Surfactant

Magnesium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate

Magnesium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate

4.5

A mild, coconut-derived cleanser that effectively removes dirt and oil without stripping the skin, making it ideal for sensitive or dry skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleanser
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Magnesium Myreth Sulfate

Magnesium Myreth Sulfate

3.5

A milder sulfate surfactant that cleanses effectively but may still be too drying for very sensitive or dry skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleanser
Read ingredient review

Texture Enhancer

Magnesium Myristate

Magnesium Myristate

4.0

Magnesium Myristate is a safe, non-irritating powder ingredient that gives makeup a silky feel and helps products glide on smoothly.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecosmetic
Read ingredient review

Preservative Booster

Magnesium Nitrate

Magnesium Nitrate

3.5

Magnesium nitrate is a safe, low-irritation mineral salt that helps preserve formulas and improve feel, but it's not a star active ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepreservative
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Magnesium Oleth Sulfate

Magnesium Oleth Sulfate

3.5

A mild cleansing agent that can effectively remove impurities but may cause irritation for sensitive skin types.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
Read ingredient review

Absorbent

Magnesium Oxide

Magnesium Oxide

3.8

Magnesium oxide is a safe, non-irritating mineral that helps absorb excess oil and adjust product texture, but it offers no direct skin benefit beyond formulation support.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaremineral
Read ingredient review

Texture enhancer

Magnesium Palmitate

Magnesium Palmitate

3.5

Magnesium Palmitate is a safe, synthetic ingredient that improves the feel and appearance of makeup and skincare products without major skin concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecosmetic ingredient
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Magnesium Palmitoyl Glutamate

Magnesium Palmitoyl Glutamate

4.0

A mild, amino-acid-based cleansing agent that effectively removes dirt and oil while helping skin feel soft and hydrated.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleanser
Read ingredient review

Oxidizing Agent

Magnesium Peroxide

Magnesium Peroxide

3.0

Magnesium peroxide releases oxygen to help kill bacteria and whiten skin, but it can be irritating and is rarely used in modern leave-on skincare.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareoxidizing agent
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Buffering Agent

Magnesium Phosphate

MAGNESIUM PHOSPHATE

3.5

Magnesium phosphate is a safe, low-irritation mineral salt that helps keep your skincare products stable and at the right pH, but it doesn't directly improve your skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarestabilizer
Read ingredient review

Preservative

Magnesium Propionate

MAGNESIUM PROPIONATE

3.8

Magnesium Propionate is a gentle preservative that helps keep products fresh while offering mild skin-conditioning benefits, but it is not as widely studied as some alternatives.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarepreservative
Read ingredient review

Exfoliant

Magnesium Salicylate

Magnesium Salicylate

3.8

A milder cousin of salicylic acid that exfoliates and calms skin, making it a good option for sensitive or reactive skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareexfoliant
Read ingredient review

Absorbent

Magnesium Silicate

Magnesium Silicate

3.5

Magnesium silicate is a safe, gentle mineral that helps absorb oil and improve product texture, but it may be drying for very dry skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarecosmetic
Read ingredient review

Anti-caking agent

Magnesium Sodium Fluorosilicate

Magnesium Sodium Fluorosilicate

2.0

Magnesium Sodium Fluorosilicate is a synthetic mineral salt used mainly as an anti-caking agent in powders, but it has limited research on skin benefits and may pose irritation risks at higher concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincaretexturizer
Read ingredient review

Binder

Magnesium Stearate

Magnesium Stearate

3.5

A safe, non-irritating binder that helps pressed powders hold their shape, but offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecosmetic
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Magnesium Sulfate

Magnesium Sulfate

4.0

A gentle mineral salt that can soothe tired muscles and calm irritated skin when used in baths or masks.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaremineral
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Magnesium Tallowate

Magnesium Tallowate

3.8

A gentle, natural cleansing ingredient derived from tallow that effectively removes impurities without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarecleansing agent
Read ingredient review

Absorbent

Magnesium Trisilicate

MAGNESIUM TRISILICATE

3.5

A safe, talc-like mineral that helps absorb oil and improve product texture, but it's not a standout active ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarecosmetic
Read ingredient review

Surfactant

Magnesium/TEA-Coco-Sulfate

Magnesium/TEA-Coco-Sulfate

3.5

A gentle, coconut-derived surfactant that cleanses effectively without stripping the skin's natural moisture barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleanser
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Magnolia Bark Extract

Magnolia Grandiflora Bark Extract

4.0

A gentle botanical extract that helps calm skin and fight environmental stress, but research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Magnolia Bark Ferment Extract

LACTOBACILLUS/SACCHAROMYCES/MAGNOLIA OFFICINALIS BARK FERMENT EXTRACT

4.0

A fermented magnolia bark extract that offers antioxidant and soothing benefits, with fermentation potentially boosting the bioavailability of its active compounds.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidantsoothing
Read ingredient review

Soothing agent

Magnolia Biondii Extract

Magnolia Biondii Bud/Flower Extract

4.0

A gentle botanical extract that may help calm irritated skin and provide antioxidant protection, though human research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Magnolia Biondii Flower Extract

Magnolia Biondii Flower Extract

4.0

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant and soothing potential, though human skin research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Magnolia Branch Ferment Extract

AUREOBASIDIUM PULLULANS/MAGNOLIA SIEBOLDII BRANCH EXTRACT FERMENT FILTRATE

3.8

A fermented botanical extract with potential antioxidant and soothing properties, but research on its cosmetic benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Soothing agent

Magnolia Bud Powder

Magnolia Denudata Bud Powder

3.8

A gentle botanical powder that may help calm skin and provide antioxidant protection, but research on its cosmetic benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical
Read ingredient review

Fragrance

Magnolia Champaca Flower Oil

MAGNOLIA CHAMPACA FLOWER OIL

4.0

A delicate floral oil that adds a natural fragrance and mild skin conditioning, but its benefits are mostly aromatic rather than therapeutic.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
Read ingredient review

Fragrance

Magnolia Champaca Flower Water

MAGNOLIA CHAMPACA FLOWER WATER

3.8

A gentle, aromatic floral water that adds a light fragrance and soothing feel to skincare products, but with limited research on specific skin benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Magnolia Denudata Callus Extract

Magnolia Denudata Callus Extract

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich plant extract that may help calm skin and protect against environmental stress, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Soothing agent

Magnolia Ferment Filtrate

LACTOBACILLUS/MAGNOLIA OBOVATA FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle fermented magnolia ingredient that may help calm skin and support a healthy microbiome, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Magnolia Flower Extract

Magnolia Officinalis Flower Extract

4.0

A gentle botanical extract that helps protect skin from environmental stress and may calm minor irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Magnolia Flower Water

Magnolia Glauca Flower Water

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich botanical water that can help soothe and protect the skin, but research on its specific benefits is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Magnolia Kobus Extract

Magnolia Kobus Branch/Flower/Leaf Extract

4.0

A gentle plant extract that may help calm skin and fight environmental stress, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Magnolia Kobus Flower Extract

Magnolia Kobus Flower Extract

4.0

A gentle botanical extract that helps protect skin from environmental stress and may calm irritation, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Magnolia Leaf Extract

Magnolia Grandiflora Leaf Extract

4.0

A gentle botanical extract that helps protect skin from environmental stress and may calm irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Magnolia Lily Flower Extract

Magnolia Liliflora Flower Extract

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich flower extract that may help calm skin and fight environmental stress, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Magnolia Obovata Fruit Extract

Magnolia Obovata Fruit Extract

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich fruit extract that may help calm skin and defend against environmental stress, though human studies are limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Magnolia Sieboldii Callus Extract

Magnolia Sieboldii Callus Culture Extract

4.0

A gentle, lab-grown plant extract that may help protect skin from environmental stress and calm irritation, though human studies are limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Magnolia Sieboldii Extract

Magnolia Sieboldii Extract

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived antioxidant extract that may help calm skin and protect against environmental stress, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidantsoothing
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Magnolia Sieboldii Flower Extract

Magnolia Sieboldii Flower Extract

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich flower extract that helps calm skin and defend against environmental stress, though human studies are still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Magnolia Sieboldii Root Extract

Magnolia Sieboldii Root Extract

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived antioxidant that may help calm skin and defend against environmental stress, though human studies are limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Magnolia Wilsonii Callus Extract

Magnolia Wilsonii Callus Extract

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich plant extract that may help calm skin and protect against environmental stress, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Magnolol

Magnolol

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived antioxidant that helps calm skin and fight environmental stress without irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Soothing agent

Mahonia Aquifolium Extract

MAHONIA AQUIFOLIUM FLOWER/LEAF/STEM EXTRACT

4.0

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant and soothing benefits, best for those looking for natural support in calming and protecting the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Maidenhair Fern Extract

Adiantum Pedatum Extract

3.8

A gentle fern extract that may help calm skin and provide antioxidant support, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Soothing agent

Maitake & Chickweed Ferment

Grifola Frondosa Mycelium/Stellaria Alsine Extract Ferment Filtrate

3.8

A fermented botanical blend that may help calm skin and provide antioxidant support, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincaresoothing agent
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Maitake & Ginseng Ferment Extract

Grifola Frondosa / Panax Ginseng Extract Ferment Filtrate

4.0

A gentle, fermented botanical blend that may help calm skin and defend against environmental stress, though human studies are limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Maitake & Licorice Ferment

Grifola Frondosa / Licorice Root Extract Ferment Filtrate

4.0

A gentle, fermented botanical blend that may help calm skin and provide antioxidant support, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidantsoothing
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Maitake Mushroom & Arenaria Ferment

Grifola Frondosa Mycelium/Arenaria Kansuensis Extract Ferment Filtrate

3.8

A fermented botanical blend that may offer antioxidant and soothing benefits, but human skin research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Maitake Mushroom Ferment Filtrate

Grifola Frondosa Mycelium Ferment Filtrate Extract

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich mushroom ferment that may help calm and protect the skin, though human studies are limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Maitake Mycelium Ferment Extract

Grifola Frondosa Mycelium Ferment Filtrate Extract

3.8

A gentle, antioxidant-rich mushroom ferment that may help calm skin and defend against environmental stress, though human studies are limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Maitake-Burdock Ferment Extract

Grifola Frondosa/Arctium Lappa Fruit Extract Ferment Filtrate

4.0

A fermented botanical blend that may help calm skin and fight free radicals, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Maitake-Yerba Mate Ferment

Grifola Frondosa/Ilex Paraguariensis Leaf Extract Ferment Filtrate

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich fermented blend that may help calm skin and defend against environmental stress.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Malachite Extract

Malachite Extract

3.8

Malachite extract is a mineral-derived antioxidant that may help calm skin and protect against environmental stress, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Malachite Ferment

Saccharomyces/Malachite Ferment

4.0

A gentle, copper-infused yeast ferment that may help calm skin and defend against environmental stress, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidant
Read ingredient review