Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 1,094
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Humectant

Ethyl Glucoside

Ethyl Glucoside

4.0

Ethyl Glucoside is a mild, sugar-derived humectant that pulls water into the skin and improves product feel without common irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Ethyl Glutamate

Ethyl Glutamate

4.0

Ethyl Glutamate is a mild, water-loving amino-acid derivative that helps attract moisture to the skin and supports a healthy barrier without irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Ethyl Lactate

ETHYL LACTATE

4.0

Ethyl lactate is a mild, effective humectant that helps hydrate skin without irritation, making it a good choice for sensitive skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Ethyl Serinate

Ethyl Serinate

3.8

Ethyl Serinate is a gentle amino acid derivative that helps attract moisture to the skin, but research on its long-term benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Ethylhexyl PCA

ETHYLHEXYL PCA

4.0

A gentle, synthetic humectant that helps skin hold onto moisture without feeling sticky or heavy.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Eucheuma Serra Extract

Eucheuma Serra Extract

4.0

A gentle seaweed extract that helps hydrate and soothe skin while forming a light protective layer.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Eucheuma Spinosum Extract

Eucheuma Spinosum Extract

4.0

A gentle, hydrating seaweed extract that helps skin retain moisture and feel smooth, with low irritation risk.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fenugreek Symbiosome Extract

Trigonella Foenum-Graecum Symbiosome Extract

4.0

A gentle, biotech-derived fenugreek extract that may help hydrate and support the skin barrier, though human research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Algae & Rice Complex

BACILLUS/MONASCUS/APHANIZOMENON FLOS-AQUAE/RICE BRAN FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle, fermented ingredient that may help hydrate and support the skin barrier, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Algae & Rice Extract

ASPERGILLUS/LACTOBACILLUS/APHANIZOMENON FLOS-AQUAE/RICE SEED EXTRACT FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle, fermented ingredient that may help hydrate and soothe skin, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Aloe & Rowan Berry Complex

LEUCONOSTOC/ALOE BARBADENSIS LEAF/SORBUS AUCUPARIA FRUIT FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle fermented blend that may help hydrate and soothe skin while providing antioxidant benefits, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectantantioxidant
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Humectant

Fermented Apple Sucrose Complex

Saccharomyces/Apple/Sucrose Ferment Filtrate

4.0

A gentle, fermented ingredient that may help hydrate and lightly exfoliate the skin, but research is mostly based on the broader benefits of ferments rather than this specific blend.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectantexfoliant
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Humectant

Fermented Bacterial Extract

Bacillus/Flavobacterium Multivorum/Extract/Sodium Carbonate Ferment Filtrate

3.8

A gentle, biotech-derived ferment filtrate that may help hydrate and support the skin barrier, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Barley & Yeast Extract

HYDROLYZED ASPERGILLUS/SACCHAROMYCES/HORDEUM VULGARE FERMENT EXTRACT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle, fermented ingredient that helps hydrate and condition skin without irritation, though its benefits come from a mix of compounds rather than a single active.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectantconditioning
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Humectant

Fermented Bean Seed Extract

Lactococcus/Bean Seed Extract Ferment Filtrate

4.0

A gentle, probiotic-based ingredient that may help hydrate and calm the skin, but research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Cherry Yeast Extract

ENDOMYCES/BITTER CHERRY JUICE FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle, fermented ingredient that hydrates and supports skin barrier function with antioxidant benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Coconut Extract

LACTOBACILLUS/LEUCONOSTOC/COCONUT FRUIT EXTRACT FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle, fermented coconut extract that helps hydrate and support a balanced skin microbiome — great for sensitive or microbiome-conscious routines.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectantmicrobiome
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Humectant

Fermented Eel Skin Complex

LACTOBACILLUS/EEL SKIN/BUTYLENE GLYCOL FERMENT FILTRATE

3.8

A novel fermented ingredient that may offer hydration and skin barrier support, but research is limited and it may not suit strict vegans.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Fruit & Flower Water

VIOLA MANDSHURICA FLOWER/SYRINGA VULGARIS/(SOLANUM MELONGENA/VITIS VINIFERA) FRUIT WATER

3.8

A gentle, hydrating botanical water blend with antioxidant potential, but individual ingredient research is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Fruit & Herb Complex

SACCHAROMYCES/APPLE FRUIT/HONEY/PANAX GINSENG ROOT/ROYAL JELLY/SUCROSE FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A fermented botanical blend that may help hydrate and soothe skin while supporting a healthy skin microbiome.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectantsoothing
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Exfoliant

Fermented Fruit & Seed Complex

SACCHAROMYCES/APPLE FRUIT/APRICOT KERNEL/PEACH KERNEL/COIX LACRYMA-JOBI MA-YUEN SEED/SUCROSE FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle, fermented blend that helps soften and smooth skin while providing light hydration and antioxidant benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareexfolianthumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Fruit Complex

SACCHAROMYCES/APPLE FRUIT/SWEET CHERRY FRUIT/SUCROSE FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle, fermented fruit complex that hydrates and provides antioxidant benefits, but individual results vary and it may not suit all skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Grain & Soy Complex

ASPERGILLUS/LACTOBACILLUS/SACCHAROMYCES/BARLEY/RICE/SOYBEAN SEED FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle, fermented botanical complex that hydrates and supports skin barrier health with minimal irritation risk.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Honey & Amber Complex

Saccharomyces/Amber Powder/Honey Ferment Filtrate

3.8

A fermented honey and amber complex that may help hydrate and soothe skin, but research is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectantantioxidant
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Humectant

Fermented Job's Tears Seed Filtrate

Saccharomyces/Coix Lacryma-Jobi Ma-Yuen Seed Ferment Filtrate

4.0

A gentle fermented ingredient that hydrates and lightly exfoliates, suitable for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectantexfoliant
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Humectant

Fermented Krill-Soybean Complex

BACILLUS/MONASCUS/KRILL/SOYBEAN FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle, fermented ingredient that may help hydrate and support the skin barrier, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Lion's Mane & Sea Buckthorn Complex

HERICIUM ERINACEUS/LACTOBACILLUS/LEUCONOSTOC/HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES LEAF/STEM FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A fermented blend of Lion's Mane mushroom and sea buckthorn that may help hydrate and soothe skin, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Luffa Stem Sap

LEUCONOSTOC/LUFFA CYLINDRICA STEM SAP FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle, fermented botanical water that hydrates and soothes skin, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Marine Milk Complex

BACILLUS/COMAMONAS/LYSINIBACILLUS/NONFAT DRY MILK/HYDROLYZED SEA BREAM SCALES FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A fermented blend of milk and fish scale proteins that may help hydrate and soothe skin, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectantsoothing
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Humectant

Fermented Milk Mineral Complex

LACTOBACILLUS/MILK/CALCIUM/PHOSPHORUS/MAGNESIUM/ZINC FERMENT

3.8

A gentle probiotic ferment that may help hydrate and soothe skin, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Mung Bean Extract

Lactobacillus/Phaseolus Radiatus Seed Ferment Filtrate

4.0

A gentle, fermented botanical extract that may help hydrate and soothe skin while supporting a healthy microbiome.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Octopus Mantle Extract

LEUCONOSTOC/SACCHAROMYCES/OCTOPUS MANTLE FERMENT EXTRACT FILTRATE

3.8

A novel fermented marine ingredient that may support hydration and skin barrier function, but human research is very limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Exfoliant

Fermented Pineapple Complex

Saccharomyces/Pineapple Fruit/Sucrose Ferment Filtrate

4.0

A gentle fermented ingredient that lightly exfoliates and hydrates, ideal for dull or uneven skin.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareexfolianthumectant
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Antioxidant

Fermented Plum Extract

Saccharomyces/Prunus Mume Extract Ferment Filtrate

4.0

A gentle fermented fruit extract that may help hydrate and protect the skin, though human research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincareantioxidanthumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Rapeseed Radish Complex

LACTOBACILLUS/RAPESEED LEAF/RADISH ROOT/FRUCTOSE FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle, fermented botanical complex that supports skin hydration and a balanced microbiome, ideal for sensitive or reactive skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Red Algae Complex

LACTOBACILLUS/LACTOCOCCUS/CHONDRUS OCELLATUS FERMENT FILTRATE

3.8

A gentle fermented algae ingredient that may help hydrate and soothe skin, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Red Algae Filtrate

Lactobacillus/Chondrus Ocellatus Ferment Filtrate

4.0

A gentle, fermented algae ingredient that hydrates and soothes skin with minimal irritation risk.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectantsoothing
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Humectant

Fermented Rice & Caviar Complex

BACILLUS/MONASCUS/CAVIAR/RICE BRAN FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A fermented blend that may help hydrate and soothe skin, but research is still early and benefits are largely based on ingredient tradition rather than clinical studies.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Rice & Lotus Complex

(ASPERGILLUS/SACCHAROMYCES)/RICE FERMENT/BARLEY GRAIN MEAL/NELUMBO NUCIFERA FLOWER EXTRACT FERMENT EXTRACT FILTRATE

4.0

A fermented botanical blend that may help hydrate and soothe skin, but research on this exact mixture is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectantantioxidant
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Humectant

Fermented Rice & Seaweed Complex

LACTOBACILLUS/RHODOPSEUDOMONAS/SACCHAROMYCES/RICE BRAN/UNDARIA PINNATIFIDA FERMENT FILTRATE

4.3

A gentle, fermented blend that hydrates and soothes skin while supporting a healthy microbiome.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectantantioxidant
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Humectant

Fermented Rice & Sucrose Complex

LACTOBACILLUS/SACCHAROMYCES/RICE/SUCROSE FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle, fermented ingredient that helps hydrate and support the skin barrier with minimal irritation risk.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Rice & Yeast Extract

HYDROLYZED ASPERGILLUS/SACCHAROMYCES/RICE FERMENT LEES EXTRACT

4.0

A gentle, fermented ingredient that helps hydrate and condition skin by delivering amino acids and peptides from rice and yeast.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectantconditioning agent
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Humectant

Fermented Rice Bio-Filtrate

ASPERGILLUS/SACCHAROMYCES/RICE FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle, fermented rice filtrate that helps hydrate and condition skin, but its benefits are mostly anecdotal and vary by formulation.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectantconditioning
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Humectant

Fermented Rice Bran Complex

SACCHAROMYCES/ASPERGILLUS/HYDROLYZED RICE BRAN FERMENT LYSATE FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle, fermented ingredient that may help hydrate and condition the skin, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Rice Bran Filtrate

Aspergillus/Defatted Rice Bran/Alcohol/Borneol Ferment Filtrate

4.0

A gentle, fermented ingredient that helps hydrate and support skin barrier function with antioxidant benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Rice Complex

Aspergillus/Saccharomyces/Tetragenococcus/Rice Ferment Filtrate

4.0

A gentle fermented rice complex that may help hydrate and support the skin barrier, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Rice Gelatin Complex

ASPERGILLUS/GELATIN/RICE FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle, fermented ingredient that helps hydrate and condition skin, but research on its specific benefits is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectantconditioning
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Humectant

Fermented Rice Lees Complex

Aspergillus/Saccharomyces/Rice Lees Ferment Filtrate

4.0

A gentle, fermented ingredient that may help hydrate, lightly exfoliate, and support a healthy-looking skin barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectantexfoliant
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Humectant

Fermented Root & Herb Complex

SACCHAROMYCES/(ASPARAGUS COCHINCHINENSIS/LYCIUM CHINENSE/OPHIOPOGON JAPONICUS/PANAX GINSENG/REHMANNIA GLUTINOSA) ROOT/PORIA COCOS FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A fermented botanical blend that may help hydrate and soothe skin, but research is limited to traditional use and lab studies.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Root & Leaf Complex

SACCHAROMYCES/MOLASSES/CABBAGE LEAF/(ARCTIUM LAPPA/CARROT/NELUMBO NUCIFERA/RADISH) ROOT FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle, fermented botanical blend that may help hydrate and soothe skin, but research is limited to ingredient-level studies.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Root Extract

Saccharomyces/Imperata Cylindrica Root Ferment Extract

4.0

A gentle fermented ingredient that may help hydrate and soothe the skin, but research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Sea Silt Extract

Pichia/Sea Silt Ferment Lysate Extract

4.0

A gentle, fermented marine ingredient that may help hydrate and soothe the skin, though research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Seaweed Complex

Saccharomyces/Carrageenan Extract/Sarcodiotheca Gaudichaudii Extract Ferment

4.0

A fermented seaweed complex that may help hydrate and soothe skin, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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Humectant

Fermented Siberian Solomon's Seal Extract

LACTOBACILLUS/SACCHAROMYCES/POLYGONATUM SIBIRICUM RHIZOME FERMENT EXTRACT

4.0

A gentle, fermented botanical extract that may help hydrate and soothe skin, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectantsoothing
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Skin conditioning

Fermented Soy Milk Probiotic Complex

Hydrolyzed Bifida/Enterococcus Faecium/Lactobacillus/Streptococcus Thermophilus/Soymilk Ferment Curd

4.0

A fermented probiotic blend that may help balance the skin's microbiome and strengthen the moisture barrier, though human studies are limited.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectantsoothing
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Humectant

Fermented Soybean Complex

LACTOBACILLUS/STREPTOCOCCUS THERMOPHILUS/SOYBEAN FERMENT FILTRATE

4.0

A gentle, fermented ingredient that delivers skin-soothing peptides and hydration, ideal for sensitive and dry skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarehumectant
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