Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 1,749
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Fragrance Ingredient

Hexyl Formate

Hexyl Formate

3.5

Hexyl Formate is a synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a fruity, apple-like scent to products, but offers no direct skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hexyl Isobutyrate

Hexyl Isobutyrate

3.5

Hexyl Isobutyrate is a synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a fruity, sweet scent to products; it is generally considered safe at low concentrations but may cause sensitivity in some individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hexyl Isovalerate

Hexyl Isovalerate

3.8

Hexyl Isovalerate is a safe, low-irritation fragrance ingredient that adds a pleasant scent but offers no direct skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hexyl Methyl Ketone

Hexyl Methyl Ketone

3.5

Hexyl Methyl Ketone is a synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a fruity, floral scent but offers no skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hexyl Methylbutyrate

Hexyl Methylbutyrate

3.5

A synthetic fragrance ester that adds a fruity, apple-like scent to products; generally considered safe at low concentrations but offers no skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hexyl Propionate

Hexyl Propionate

3.5

Hexyl Propionate is a synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a fruity, apple-like scent; it is generally considered safe at low concentrations but offers no skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hexyl Salicylate

Hexyl Salicylate

3.8

Hexyl Salicylate is a widely used synthetic fragrance that adds a pleasant floral note to products, but it may cause sensitivity in some individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hexyl Salicylate Hexyl Ether

Hexyl Salicylate Hexyl Ether

3.5

A synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a pleasant scent but offers no direct skincare benefits; generally safe at low concentrations.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hexylcyclopentanone

Hexylcyclopentanone

3.5

Hexylcyclopentanone is a synthetic scent ingredient that makes products smell pleasant, but it offers no skincare benefits and may cause sensitivity in some people.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hexyldihydrofuranone

HEXYLDIHYDROFURANONE

3.5

A synthetic fragrance compound that adds a pleasant scent but offers no skincare benefit; safe at low concentrations but may cause sensitivity in some individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hexylidene Cyclopentanone

2-HEXYLIDENECYCLOPENTANONE

3.5

A synthetic scent ingredient that adds fragrance but may cause irritation for sensitive skin types.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hexylidenecyclohexanone

2-HEXYLIDENECYCLOHEXAN-1-ONE

3.5

A synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a pleasant floral-woody scent but offers no skincare benefits and may cause sensitivity in some individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hexyloxy Dimethyltetrahydrofuran

HEXYLOXY DIMETHYLTETRAHYDROFURAN

3.5

A synthetic scent ingredient that adds a fresh, green note to products but offers no skincare benefits and may cause sensitivity in some people.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hexyloxyacetaldehyde Dimethyl Acetal

HEXYLOXYACETALDEHYDE DIMETHYL ACETAL

3.5

A synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a fresh, green scent to products but may cause sensitivity in some individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance

Himalayan Fir Oil

Abies spectabilis branch/leaf oil

3.8

A fragrant essential oil with a fresh, woody scent that may offer soothing benefits but can be irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance

Ho Wood Leaf Oil

CINNAMOMUM CAMPHORA LINALOOLIFERUM LEAF OIL

4.0

Ho Wood Leaf Oil offers a gentle, linalool-rich alternative to lavender for calming skin and mind, but requires proper dilution to avoid irritation.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance

Ho Wood Oil

Cinnamomum Camphora Linalooliferum Wood Oil

3.8

Ho Wood Oil offers a gentle, floral-woody scent and potential soothing benefits, but like all essential oils, it can be irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance ingredient

Homogeranyl Nitrile

HOMOGERANYL NITRILE

3.5

Homogeranyl nitrile is a synthetic scent ingredient that adds a fresh, citrusy note but may cause skin irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance

Homogeranyl Pyridine

HOMOGERANYL PYRIDINE

3.5

A synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a fresh scent but may cause irritation in sensitive individuals, especially at higher concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance

Homolinalyl Acetate

HOMOLINALYL ACETATE

3.5

A synthetic floral scent that can make products smell lovely but may cause skin reactions in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance

Huon Pine Wood Oil

Dacrydium franklinii wood oil

3.5

Huon Pine Wood Oil adds a distinctive woody fragrance to products but has limited research on skin benefits and may cause irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hydratropic Alcohol

Hydratropic Alcohol

3.5

Hydratropic alcohol adds a mild floral scent and helps preserve formulas, but it can be irritating for sensitive skin at higher concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance

Hydratropyl Acetate

HYDRATROPYL ACETATE

3.5

Hydratropyl Acetate is a synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a pleasant scent but offers no skincare benefits and may cause irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
Read ingredient review

Fragrance

Hydrocinnamaldehyde

HYDROCINNAMALDEHYDE

3.5

Hydrocinnamaldehyde is a synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a sweet, floral scent but may cause skin irritation or allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
Read ingredient review

Fragrance ingredient

Hydrocinnamyl Acetate

HYDROCINNAMYL ACETATE

4.0

A mild synthetic fragrance ester that adds a sweet, floral scent to products but offers no skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
Read ingredient review

Fragrance Ingredient

Hydrocinnamyl Cinnamate

HYDROCINNAMYL CINNAMATE

3.5

Hydrocinnamyl Cinnamate is a synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a sweet, balsamic scent to products; it is generally considered safe at low concentrations but may cause sensitivity in some individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hydrocinnamyl Formate

Hydrocinnamyl Formate

3.5

A synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a sweet, floral scent but offers no skincare benefit and may cause sensitivity in some individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
Read ingredient review

Fragrance ingredient

Hydrocinnamyl Isobutyrate

HYDROCINNAMYL ISOBUTYRATE

3.5

Hydrocinnamyl isobutyrate is a synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a sweet, balsamic scent to products; it is generally considered safe at low concentrations but may cause sensitivity in some individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
Read ingredient review

Fragrance

Hydrocinnamyl Propionate

HYDROCINNAMYL PROPIONATE

3.5

A synthetic fragrance ester that adds a sweet, floral scent to products; generally considered safe at low concentrations but may cause sensitivity in some individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hydrogenated Ethylbicycloheptane Guaiacol

HYDROGENATED ETHYLBICYCLOHEPTANE GUAIACOL

3.5

A synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a warm, woody scent but has limited published safety data compared to more common fragrance materials.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance

Hydroxybenzaldehyde

Hydroxybenzaldehyde

3.5

Hydroxybenzaldehyde is a natural aromatic compound used for scent and mild antioxidant benefits, but it can be a skin sensitizer for some people.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragranceantioxidant
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hydroxycitronellal

Hydroxycitronellal

3.5

Hydroxycitronellal is a common synthetic fragrance that gives a floral scent, but it can be a skin sensitizer for some people, especially those with sensitive or allergy-prone skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hydroxycitronellal Dimethyl Acetal

Hydroxycitronellal Dimethyl Acetal

3.5

A synthetic floral scent ingredient that is generally safe at low levels but may cause irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hydroxycitronellal-Indole Schiff Base

Hydroxycitronellal-Indole Schiff Base

3.5

A synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a floral, jasmine-like scent but may cause skin irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hydroxycyclohexyl Methyl Ketone

Hydroxycyclohexyl Methyl Ketone

3.5

A synthetic fragrance ingredient that provides a sweet, floral scent; generally considered safe at low concentrations but may cause sensitivity in some individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance

Hydroxydimethyloctanal Distillate

7-HYDROXY-3,7-DIMETHYL-OCTANAL DISTILLATES

3.5

A common floral fragrance ingredient that can cause skin irritation or allergies in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hydroxymethylheptyl Methyl Ketone

HYDROXYMETHYLHEPTYL METHYL KETONE

3.8

A synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a pleasant scent but offers no skincare benefits; generally safe at low levels but may cause irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hydroxymethylhexyl Ethyl Ketone

HYDROXYMETHYLHEXYL ETHYL KETONE

3.5

A synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a pleasant floral-citrus scent but offers no skincare benefits and may cause sensitivity in some individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Hydroxynonanone

Hydroxynonanone

3.5

Hydroxynonanone is a synthetic fragrance ingredient with limited research; it appears safe at low concentrations but offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance

Hyssop Oil

HYSSOPUS OFFICINALIS HERB OIL

3.8

Hyssop Oil offers antimicrobial and soothing benefits but can be irritating for sensitive skin and is primarily used for its scent.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance

Incense Cedar Oil

CALOCEDRUS DECURRENS LEAF/STEM OIL

3.5

Incense Cedar Oil adds a woody, earthy scent to products but has limited research on skin benefits and may irritate sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Indole

INDOLE

3.5

Indole is a fragrant compound found in flowers and coal tar, used in tiny amounts for scent; it can be irritating at higher levels and is not a primary active ingredient.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Ionone

IONONE

3.5

Ionone adds a pleasant violet scent to products but can be a skin sensitizer for some people.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

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Fragrance

Iris Pallida Root Oil

Iris Pallida Root Oil

3.8

A fragrant botanical oil that can add a subtle floral scent and mild skin-conditioning benefits, but its use is limited by potential irritation and lack of strong research.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance

Isoamyl Acetate

ISOAMYL ACETATE

3.5

Isoamyl acetate is a synthetic fragrance ingredient with a fruity scent; it is generally considered safe at low concentrations but offers no skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Isoamyl Allylglycolate

ISOAMYL ALLYLGLYCOLATE

3.8

A synthetic fragrance compound that adds a fresh, green scent to products, but may cause sensitivity in those with fragrance allergies.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Isoamyl Benzoate

Isoamyl Benzoate

4.0

Isoamyl Benzoate is a synthetic ester that adds a pleasant, fruity scent to products and helps condition the skin, with a low risk of irritation for most people.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Isoamyl Butyrate

Isoamyl Butyrate

3.5

Isoamyl Butyrate is a synthetic fruity-scented ester used in cosmetics for fragrance; it is generally considered safe at low concentrations but may cause sensitivity in some individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Isoamyl Cinnamate

Isoamyl Cinnamate

3.5

Isoamyl Cinnamate is a synthetic fragrance compound that adds a warm, cinnamic scent to products, but it may be a potential skin sensitizer for some individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Isoamyl Crotonate

ISOAMYL CROTONATE

3.5

A synthetic ester that adds a fruity scent to products; generally considered safe at low concentrations but lacks extensive skin-benefit research.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance

Isoamyl Formate

Isoamyl Formate

3.5

Isoamyl formate is a synthetic fragrance ingredient that adds a fruity, apple-like scent to products, but it offers no skincare benefits and may cause sensitivity in those with fragrance allergies.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Isoamyl Geranate

Isoamyl Geranate

4.0

Isoamyl Geranate is a gentle synthetic ester that adds a pleasant floral scent and light skin-conditioning feel, but it offers no active skincare benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Isoamyl Hexanoate

ISOAMYL HEXANOATE

3.8

Isoamyl hexanoate is a synthetic ester that adds a fruity apple-like scent to products; it is generally considered safe at low concentrations but offers no skincare benefits beyond fragrance.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Fragrance Ingredient

Isoamyl Isobutyrate

ISOAMYL ISOBUTYRATE

3.5

A synthetic ester that adds a fruity, sweet scent to products; generally considered safe at low levels but may cause sensitivity in some individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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Skin conditioning

Isoamyl Isovalerate

ISOAMYL ISOVALERATE

4.0

A mild synthetic ester that helps condition skin and adds a pleasant scent, generally safe for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefragrance
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