Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 842
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Film Former

Bis-PEG/PPG/IPDI Copolymer

BIS-PEG-2/PPG-3/IPDI COPOLYMER

3.8

A synthetic polymer that helps makeup and sunscreen stay put longer, especially in water or sweat.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

Bispolyethylene Dimethicone

Bispolyethylene Dimethicone

3.8

A silicone polymer that helps products spread smoothly and resist water, but may not suit those avoiding silicones.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

Butene/Propylene Copolymer

BUTENE/PROPYLENE COPOLYMER

3.8

A synthetic film-former that helps makeup last longer and resist water, but offers no skincare benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film-Former

Butoxy Chitosan

Butoxy Chitosan

3.8

Butoxy Chitosan is a gentle film-forming ingredient that helps lock in moisture and gives a smooth, plumping feel, but research on its long-term benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

Butyl Acrylate

Butyl Acrylate

3.5

Butyl Acrylate is a safe film-forming ingredient in finished cosmetics, but it is not used as a standalone ingredient on skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

Butyl Acrylate Crosspolymer

BUTYL ACRYLATE/ISOPROPYLACRYLAMIDE/PEG-18 DIMETHACRYLATE CROSSPOLYMER

3.8

A synthetic polymer that forms a flexible, breathable film on skin, improving water resistance and texture without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

Butyl Methacrylate

Butyl Methacrylate

3.5

Butyl Methacrylate is a synthetic film-former that helps nail products last longer, but it can be a skin sensitizer for some people.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

Butyl Methacrylate Copolymer

Butyl Methacrylate/Acryloyloxy PG Methacrylate Copolymer

3.8

A synthetic film-former that helps makeup and skincare last longer without clogging pores or causing irritation for most people.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

Butyl Silicone Copolymer

BUTYL POLYDIMETHYLSILOXYL ETHYLENE/PROPYLENE/VINYLNORBORNENE COPOLYMER

3.8

A silicone polymer that helps products spread smoothly and stay put, but offers no active skincare benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

C20-28 Polyolefin

POLY(C20-28 OLEFIN)

4.0

A safe, synthetic film-former that helps makeup and skincare last longer and feel smoother on skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

C5-6 Olefin/Styrene Copolymer

C5-6 OLEFIN/STYRENE COPOLYMER

3.5

A safe, synthetic film-former that helps makeup last longer and resist water, but offers no active skincare benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film-Former

C9-13 Fluoroalcohol

C9-13 Fluoroalcohol

3.5

A synthetic film-former that helps products resist water and wear, but its environmental persistence raises concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

Calcium Caseinate

CALCIUM CASEINATE

3.5

A gentle, milk-derived protein that helps form a protective film on skin, but may not suit those with dairy allergies.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

Calcium/Sodium PVM/MA Copolymer

CALCIUM/SODIUM PVM/MA COPOLYMER

4.0

A gentle film-forming polymer that improves the feel and wear of skincare without common irritation or clogging concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film-Former

Callitris Gum

Callitris Quadrivalvis Gum

3.8

A natural tree resin that helps products form a flexible film on skin, hair, or nails, but may feel tacky for some users.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

Caprolactone

Epsilon-Caprolactone

3.8

A synthetic polymer building block that helps create flexible, breathable films on skin for improved texture and wear.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

Carboxyethyl Acrylate

Carboxyethyl Acrylate

3.8

Carboxyethyl acrylate is a synthetic polymer that helps create a smooth, even film on skin, improving product texture and water resistance.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

Carboxymethyl Caprooyl Chitosan

CARBOXYMETHYL CAPROOYL CHITOSAN

4.0

A gentle, film-forming chitosan derivative that helps lock in moisture and may support skin barrier function.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Humectant

Carboxymethyl Chitosan

Carboxymethyl Chitosan

4.0

A gentle, water-soluble chitosan derivative that hydrates and forms a protective film on skin, with some soothing and antioxidant potential.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehumectantfilm-former
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Humectant

Carboxymethyl Chitosan Succinamide

CARBOXYMETHYL CHITOSAN SUCCINAMIDE

4.0

A gentle, water-loving derivative of chitosan that helps hydrate and form a protective film on the skin, with early research suggesting soothing benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarehumectantfilm-former
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Film Former

Carboxymethyl Levan

Carboxymethyl Levan

4.0

A gentle, biotech-derived film former that helps lock in moisture and may soothe the skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

beautyskincarefilm-formerhumectant
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Film Former

Casein

CASEIN

3.5

Casein is a gentle milk protein that helps form a protective film on skin, but it may not suit those with dairy allergies.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

Castor Oil/IPDI Copolymer

CASTOR OIL/IPDI COPOLYMER

3.8

A semi-synthetic film-former that helps makeup and skincare stay put longer, but may feel heavy on some skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

Cellulose Acetate

Cellulose Acetate

3.8

A safe, plant-based film former that gives nail polishes and hair products a glossy, flexible finish without common plastic concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

Cellulose Acetate Phthalate

CELLULOSE ACETATE PHTHALATE

3.5

A synthetic film-former that helps products stay put, but offers no direct skin benefit and may feel stiff on application.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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Film Former

Cellulose Acetate Propionate

Cellulose Acetate Propionate

4.0

A plant-derived film former that helps makeup and skincare products last longer without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarefilm-former
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