Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 1,342
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Emulsifier

Sorbeth-150 Hexastearate

SORBETH-150 HEXASTEARATE

4.0

A reliable emulsifier that helps create smooth, stable creams and lotions with a pleasant texture.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-160 Tristearate

SORBETH-160 TRISTEARATE

4.0

A reliable emulsifier that creates smooth, stable creams without common irritation concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-2 Beeswax

SORBETH-2 BEESWAX

4.0

A gentle emulsifier that helps creams and lotions feel smooth and stable without heavy residue.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-2 Hexaisostearate

SORBETH-2 HEXAISOSTEARATE

4.0

A reliable, low-irritation emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy formulas without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-20 Beeswax

SORBETH-20 BEESWAX

4.0

A gentle emulsifier that helps creamy products feel smooth and stable without heavy irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-20 Tetraisostearate

SORBETH-20 TETRAISOSTEARATE

4.0

A mild, water-loving emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in your products without stripping your skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-230 Tetraoleate

SORBETH-230 TETRAOLEATE

4.0

A gentle, large-molecule emulsifier that helps blend oil and water without irritating the skin, making it a good choice for sensitive formulas.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-3 Isostearate

SORBETH-3 ISOSTEARATE

4.0

A gentle emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in your skincare products without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-3 Tristearate

SORBETH-3 TRISTEARATE

4.0

A gentle emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in creams and lotions, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-30 Pentaisostearate

SORBETH-30 PENTAISOSTEARATE

4.0

A reliable, low-irritation emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy formulas without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-30 Tetraisostearate

SORBETH-30 TETRAISOSTEARATE

4.0

A gentle emulsifier that helps oil and water mix, making creams and lotions smooth and stable without heavy irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-30 Tetraoleate

SORBETH-30 TETRAOLEATE

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in creams and lotions, generally considered safe for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-4 Tetraoleate

SORBETH-4 TETRAOLEATE

3.8

A gentle emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in creams and lotions, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-40 Hexaoleate

SORBETH-40 HEXAOLEATE

3.5

A reliable emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in creams and lotions, but may be too heavy for very oily or acne-prone skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-40 Pentaoleate

SORBETH-40 PENTAOLEATE

4.0

A gentle emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in creams and lotions, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-40 Tetraisostearate

SORBETH-40 TETRAISOSTEARATE

4.0

A reliable, low-irritation emulsifier that helps create smooth, stable lotions and creams without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-40 Tetraoleate

SORBETH-40 TETRAOLEATE

3.8

A reliable emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy formulas, but may not suit those avoiding ethoxylated ingredients.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-450 Tristearate

SORBETH-450 TRISTEARATE

3.5

A gentle emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in creams and lotions, but its PEG backbone raises mild environmental and purity concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-5

SORBETH-5

4.0

Sorbeth-5 is a gentle, PEG-based emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in formulas, with a low risk of irritation for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-50 Hexaoleate

SORBETH-50 HEXAOLEATE

3.5

A gentle emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in cleansers and creams, but may be less common in modern 'clean' beauty due to PEG concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-50 Pentaisostearate

SORBETH-50 PENTAISOSTEARATE

4.0

A gentle, effective emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy textures without common irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-50 Tetraisostearate

SORBETH-50 TETRAISOSTEARATE

4.0

A gentle, water-soluble emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and creams without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-6 Beeswax

SORBETH-6 BEESWAX

3.8

A gentle emulsifier that helps creams and lotions stay smooth and stable, but it is processed with ethoxylation, which raises mild purity concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-6 Hexastearate

SORBETH-6 HEXASTEARATE

3.8

Sorbeth-6 Hexastearate is a gentle emulsifier that helps create stable, smooth creams and lotions with a pleasant feel, but it is not a star active ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-6 Tetraoleate

SORBETH-6 TETRAOLEATE

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in your products, generally well-tolerated but not a star active ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Surfactant

Sorbeth-60 Tetraoleate

SORBETH-60 TETRAOLEATE

4.0

A mild, oil-loving emulsifier that helps rinse away makeup and sunscreen without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleanseremulsifier
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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-60 Tetrastearate

SORBETH-60 TETRASTEARATE

4.0

A reliable emulsifier that creates smooth, stable creams and lotions with low irritation potential.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-7

SORBETH-7

3.8

Sorbeth-7 is a gentle emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in your skincare products, making them feel smooth and stable without heavy irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbeth-8 Beeswax

SORBETH-8 BEESWAX

4.0

A gentle emulsifier that helps blend water and oil in creams and lotions, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbitan Cocoate

Sorbitan Cocoate

4.3

A mild, coconut-derived emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy formulas without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Sorbitan Diisostearate

Sorbitan Diisostearate

4.0

A gentle, reliable emulsifier that keeps oil and water mixed without irritating most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Sorbitan Dioleate

Sorbitan Dioleate

3.8

Sorbitan Dioleate is a gentle emulsifier that helps keep oil and water mixed in your skincare products, but it offers no direct skin benefits on its own.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbitan Distearate

Sorbitan Distearate

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived emulsifier that helps create smooth, stable creams and lotions with minimal irritation risk.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Sorbitan Isostearate

Sorbitan Isostearate

4.0

A gentle emulsifier that keeps oil and water mixed in creams and lotions, with a low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbitan Laurate

Sorbitan Laurate

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy textures without common irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbitan Olivate

Sorbitan Olivate

4.5

A gentle, olive-derived emulsifier that creates stable, creamy textures with low irritation potential.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbitan Palmate

Sorbitan Palmate

4.0

A gentle, plant-based emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy formulas without common irritants.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emulsifier

Sorbitan Sesquicaprylate

Sorbitan Sesquicaprylate

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in formulas without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbitan Sesquioleate

Sorbitan Sesquioleate

4.0

Sorbitan Sesquioleate is a gentle, effective emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in creams and lotions, with a low risk of irritation or clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbitan Sesquistearate

SORBITAN SESQUISTEARATE

4.0

A gentle, reliable emulsifier that helps create smooth, stable creams and lotions without common irritation concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbitan Triisostearate

Sorbitan Triisostearate

3.8

A reliable emulsifier that keeps formulas stable, but may be slightly pore-clogging for acne-prone skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbitan Trioleate

Sorbitan Trioleate

3.8

Sorbitan Trioleate is a reliable emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in creams and lotions, but it may be moderately comedogenic for acne-prone skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbitan Tristearate

Sorbitan Tristearate

4.0

Sorbitan Tristearate is a gentle, plant-derived emulsifier that helps create smooth, stable creams and lotions without common irritation or pore-clogging concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Sorbitan Undecylenate

Sorbitan Undecylenate

4.0

A mild, non-irritating emulsifier that helps blend water and oil in skincare products while offering light skin-conditioning benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Sorbityl Laurate

SORBITYL LAURATE

4.0

A gentle, effective emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy textures without common irritation concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Soybean Oil PEG-20 Esters

SOYBEAN OIL PEG-20 ESTERS

3.8

A gentle emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but its PEG component raises mild purity concerns for some users.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Soybean Oil PEG-36 Esters

SOYBEAN OIL PEG-36 ESTERS

3.8

A gentle, PEG-modified soybean oil that helps mix oil and water in cleansers and lotions, but may raise concerns for those avoiding PEG compounds.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Soybean Oil PEG-8 Esters

SOYBEAN OIL PEG-8 ESTERS

4.0

A gentle emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in skincare products, with mild skin-conditioning benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Stearamide DEA-Distearate

STEARAMIDE DEA-DISTEARATE

3.5

A synthetic emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in creams, but may be slightly pore-clogging for some skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emulsifier

Stearamine

Stearamine

3.5

Stearamine helps blend oil and water in creams and conditioners, but may be irritating for sensitive skin or scalps.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

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Emulsifier

Steardimonium Ethyl Cetyl Phosphate

Steardimonium Ethyl Cetyl Phosphate

4.0

A mild emulsifier that stabilizes creams and lotions while adding a silky, non-greasy feel — generally safe and well-tolerated.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emulsifier

Steareth-100

STEARETH-100

3.8

Steareth-100 is a gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in creams and cleansers, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emulsifier

Steareth-11

STEARETH-11

4.0

Steareth-11 is a gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy textures in skincare, but may be less suitable for those avoiding ethoxylated ingredients.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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