Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 1,342
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Emulsifier

PPG-3-PEG-6 Oleyl Ether

PPG-3-PEG-6 Oleyl Ether

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water, but may not suit those avoiding ethoxylated ingredients.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PPG-30 Steareth-4

PPG-30 Steareth-4

3.8

A synthetic emulsifier that helps oil and water mix in your skincare, generally considered safe and low-risk for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PPG-30-Buteth-30

PPG-30-Buteth-30

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps water and oil mix, but offers no active skin benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PPG-34 Steareth-3

PPG-34 Steareth-3

3.5

A synthetic emulsifier that helps oil and water mix in your skincare, generally considered safe and low-risk for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PPG-38 Steareth-6

PPG-38 Steareth-6

3.8

A safe, effective emulsifier that helps keep your products smooth and stable, but it's purely synthetic and offers no skin benefits beyond formulation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PPG-4 Oleth-10 Dimethicone

PPG-4 OLETH-10 DIMETHICONE

4.0

A gentle silicone emulsifier that improves product texture and spreadability without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PPG-4-Ceteareth-12

PPG-4-CETEARETH-12

3.5

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps products feel smooth and spread evenly, but it's not a star ingredient for skin health.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PPG-4-Ceteth-1

PPG-4-CETETH-1

3.5

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy formulas, but offers no direct skin benefit beyond texture.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PPG-4-Ceteth-10

PPG-4-CETETH-10

3.8

A synthetic emulsifier that helps water and oil mix in your skincare products, generally considered safe and low-risk for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PPG-4-Ceteth-5

PPG-4-CETETH-5

3.5

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps keep your products stable and creamy, but offers no direct skin benefit beyond formulation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PPG-50 Oleyl Ether

PPG-50 Oleyl Ether

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps oil and water mix in your skincare products, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PPG-6 Decyltetradeceth-12

PPG-6-DECYLTETRADECETH-12

4.0

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in your products, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PPG-7/PEG-30 Phytosterol

PPG-7/PEG-30 Phytosterol

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in formulas while leaving a smooth, non-greasy feel on skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PPG-70 Polyglyceryl-10 Ether

PPG-70 Polyglyceryl-10 Ether

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived emulsifier that helps blend water and oil in skincare formulas while leaving skin feeling soft.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PPG-8 Ceteth-20

PPG-8-CETETH-20

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps keep your products stable and creamy, but offers no direct skin benefit on its own.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PPG-8-Ceteth-1

PPG-8-CETETH-1

3.8

A safe, effective emulsifier that helps your skincare products feel smooth and stay stable, but it offers no direct skin benefit on its own.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PPG-8-Ceteth-10

PPG-8-CETETH-10

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps keep your product smooth and stable, but offers no direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PPG-8-Ceteth-2

PPG-8-CETETH-2

4.0

A workhorse emulsifier that helps oil and water mix in your skincare, generally well-tolerated but purely synthetic.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PPG-8-Ceteth-5

PPG-8-Ceteth-5

3.8

A reliable synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in your products, but it's not a star ingredient with direct skin benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

PPG-9 Steareth-3

PPG-9 Steareth-3

3.8

A synthetic emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in products, generally considered safe and low-irritation for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PPG/PEG Trimethylolpropane

PPG-25-PEG-25 Trimethylolpropane

4.0

A gentle synthetic ingredient that helps blend water and oil in formulas while leaving skin feeling smooth.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

PPG/PEG-2/10 Glyceryl Cocoate

PPG/PEG-2/10 Glyceryl Cocoate

4.0

A gentle, coconut-derived emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in skincare formulas without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Propanediol Stearate

Propanediol Stearate

4.0

A gentle emulsifier that helps water and oil mix, making creams feel smooth without common irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Propylene Glycol Capreth-4

PROPYLENE GLYCOL CAPRETH-4

4.0

A gentle emulsifier that helps mix water and oil in skincare products, with a low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Propylene Glycol Isodeceth-12

Propylene Glycol Isodeceth-12

3.8

A gentle synthetic emulsifier that helps water and oil mix in your skincare products, generally well-tolerated by most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Propylene Glycol Oleate SE

Propylene Glycol Oleate SE

3.5

A reliable emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in creams, but it's not a star active ingredient for skin benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollientemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Propylene Glycol Oleth-5

PROPYLENE GLYCOL OLETH-5

3.8

A synthetic emulsifier that helps mix oil and water in products, but may cause mild irritation for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
Read ingredient review

Emulsifier

Propylene Glycol Stearate

Propylene Glycol Stearate

3.8

A reliable emulsifier that helps create smooth, stable creams and lotions with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Propylene Glycol Stearate SE

Propylene Glycol Stearate SE

4.0

A reliable emulsifier that helps water and oil mix into a stable, creamy texture without common irritation concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Raffinose Isostearate

RAFFINOSE ISOSTEARATE

4.0

A mild, sugar-based emulsifier that helps blend water and oil in skincare products while offering gentle skin conditioning.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Rapeseed Oil PEG-20 Esters

RAPESEED OIL PEG-20 ESTERS

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy textures without common irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emollient

Rapeseed Oil PEG-3 Esters

RAPESEED OIL PEG-3 ESTERS

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived emollient and emulsifier that helps moisturize and stabilize formulas without heavy greasiness.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollientemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Rice Oil Diglyceryl Esters

Rice Oil Diglyceryl Esters

4.3

A mild, rice-derived emulsifier that helps blend water and oil in formulas while leaving skin feeling soft.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Rice Oil Glycereth-8 Esters

Rice Oil Glycereth-8 Esters

4.0

A mild, rice-derived emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in formulas while leaving skin feeling soft.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Rosehip Oil Polyglyceryl-6 Esters

Rosa Rubiginosa Seed Oil Polyglyceryl-6 Esters

4.3

A gentle, plant-derived emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in skincare products while offering mild skin-conditioning benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Sesame Oil Polyglyceryl-6 Esters

Sesamum Indicum (Sesame) Seed Oil Polyglyceryl-6 Esters

4.0

A mild, plant-based emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in creams and lotions while adding a light, non-greasy feel.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Shea Butter PEG-32 Esters

SHEA BUTTER PEG-32 ESTERS

4.0

A gentle, water-friendly derivative of shea butter that helps blend oil and water in formulas without the greasiness of plain shea butter.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emollient

Shea Butter PEG-8 Esters

Shea Butter PEG-8 Esters

4.0

A water-friendly version of shea butter that hydrates and helps blend oils and water in your products, with a lighter feel than traditional shea butter.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemollientemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Shea Butter Polyglyceryl-6 Esters

Shea Butter Polyglyceryl-6 Esters

4.5

A mild, eco-friendly emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in creams and lotions while leaving skin feeling soft.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Sodium Behenoyl Lactylate

Sodium Behenoyl Lactylate

4.3

A mild, biodegradable emulsifier that creates stable, creamy textures and leaves skin feeling soft without irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Sodium Dextrin Octenylsuccinate

Sodium Dextrin Octenylsuccinate

4.0

A gentle, starch-based emulsifier that helps blend oil and water in formulas without common irritation concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Surfactant

Sodium Dilinoleate

Sodium Dilinoleate

4.0

A mild, soap-free cleanser that effectively removes dirt and makeup without stripping the skin's natural moisture barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansingemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Sodium Isostearoyl Lactylate

Sodium Isostearoyl Lactylate

4.3

A mild, skin-friendly emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy formulas without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Sodium Oleoyl Lactylate

Sodium Oleoyl Lactylate

4.5

A mild, plant-derived emulsifier that helps blend water and oil without stripping the skin, making it a great choice for sensitive skin formulas.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Sodium Stearate

Sodium Stearate

4.0

Sodium stearate is a gentle, soap-based emulsifier that helps products feel solid and creamy, but it can be drying for some skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Sodium Stearoyl Lactylate

Sodium Stearoyl Lactylate

4.0

A mild, food-grade emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy textures in skincare without clogging pores or irritating sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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Emulsifier

Sodium Stearyl Fumarate

SODIUM STEARYL FUMARATE

4.3

A mild, plant-derived emulsifier that helps create stable, creamy textures with very low irritation potential.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincareemulsifier
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