Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 2,268
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Skin Conditioning

Methyl Dehydroabietate

Methyl Dehydroabietate

3.5

A gentle, plant-derived ester that helps condition skin and dissolve other ingredients, but it's not a star performer on its own.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Methyl Dihydroabietate

Methyl Dihydroabietate

3.5

A pine-derived ester that helps dissolve other ingredients and leaves a smooth feel, but is not a standout active for skin benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Methyl Ester Blend

METHYL OLEATE/PALMITATE/LINOLEATE/STEARATE

3.8

A plant-derived emollient blend that softens skin but may clog pores for some people.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Methyl Gluceth-20 Benzoate

METHYL GLUCETH-20 BENZOATE

4.0

A lightweight, non-greasy emollient that softens skin without clogging pores, making it a great choice for oily and acne-prone skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Methyl Hydroxystearate

Methyl Hydroxystearate

4.0

A gentle, non-greasy emollient that helps soften and smooth the skin with a low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Methyl Laurate

Methyl Laurate

4.0

Methyl Laurate is a gentle emollient that softens skin and helps other ingredients absorb, with a low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Methyl Laurate/Myristate

METHYL LAURATE/MYRISTATE

4.0

A lightweight emollient that softens skin without feeling greasy, generally well-tolerated and non-irritating.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Methyl Linoleate

METHYL LINOLEATE

4.0

Methyl linoleate is a gentle, esterified fatty acid that helps soften and condition skin without the greasy feel of pure oils.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Methyl Myristate

Methyl Myristate

3.5

A lightweight emollient that softens skin but may clog pores for some people.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Methyl Octadecatrienoate

METHYL OCTADECATRIENOATE

3.5

A gentle emollient derived from fatty acids that helps soften and smooth skin, but research on its specific benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Methyl Oleate

METHYL OLEATE

3.8

Methyl Oleate is a gentle emollient that softens skin but may clog pores for acne-prone individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Methyl Palmate

METHYL PALMATE

3.8

Methyl Palmate is a gentle, plant-derived emollient that softens skin and helps other ingredients spread smoothly, but its palm oil origin raises sustainability concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Methyl Palmitate

Methyl Palmitate

3.8

Methyl Palmitate is a gentle emollient that softens skin, but may clog pores for acne-prone individuals.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Methyl Ricinoleate

METHYL RICINOLEATE

3.8

A gentle, castor-oil-derived emollient that softens skin without feeling greasy, but it's not a powerhouse active ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Methyl Stearate

Methyl Stearate

4.0

A gentle emollient that softens skin and improves product texture without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Methyl Stearic Acid

METHYL STEARIC ACID

3.8

A gentle emollient that helps soften and smooth skin without clogging pores, but it's not a standout active ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Methyl Sunflowerseedate

Methyl Sunflowerseedate

4.3

A lightweight, non-greasy emollient derived from sunflower oil that hydrates and softens skin with a silky finish.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Methyl Undecylenate

METHYL UNDECYLENATE

3.8

A lightweight emollient ester that softens skin without a greasy feel, generally well-tolerated.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Methylbutylphenyl Propylbenzoate

METHYLBUTYLPHENYL PROPYLBENZOATE

4.0

A lightweight, non-greasy emollient that helps products spread smoothly and leaves skin feeling soft without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Methylheptyl Isostearate

METHYLHEPTYL ISOSTEARATE

4.0

A lightweight synthetic emollient that softens skin without a greasy feel, generally well-tolerated.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Methylheptyl Laurate

Methylheptyl Laurate

4.0

A lightweight, non-greasy emollient that helps skin feel soft and smooth without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Methylheptyl Myristate

METHYLHEPTYL MYRISTATE

4.0

A lightweight synthetic emollient that softens skin without a greasy feel, generally well-tolerated and non-comedogenic.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Methylheptyl Palmitate

METHYLHEPTYL PALMITATE

4.0

A lightweight synthetic emollient that softens skin without clogging pores, ideal for oily or combination skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Methyloctanediyl Diacetate

METHYLOCTANEDIYL DIACETATE

3.8

A lightweight synthetic emollient that helps soften skin without a greasy feel, generally well-tolerated.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Methylpentanediol Dineopentanoate

METHYLPENTANEDIOL DINEOPENTANOATE

4.0

A lightweight synthetic emollient that helps products spread smoothly without a greasy feel, generally well-tolerated by most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Microalgae Oil

Murielle Aurantiaca/Ruttnera Lamellosa Oil

4.0

A gentle, nutrient-rich oil from microalgae that helps moisturize and support skin barrier function without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Millet Seed Oil

PANICUM MILIACEUM SEED OIL

4.0

Millet Seed Oil is a gentle, lightweight emollient rich in linoleic acid and antioxidants, ideal for normal to dry skin types seeking non-greasy hydration.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Mink Oil

Mink Oil

3.5

Mink oil is a rich emollient that softens skin, but its animal origin and moderate comedogenic rating may not suit all skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Mink Oil PEG-13 Esters

MINK OIL PEG-13 ESTERS

2.5

A semi-synthetic emollient that softens skin but raises ethical and comedogenic concerns; rarely used in modern clean beauty.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Mink Wax

Mink Wax

3.0

Mink wax is a natural emollient and thickener, but its use raises ethical concerns and may be comedogenic for some skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

MIPA-Myristate

MIPA-Myristate

3.5

MIPA-Myristate helps products feel smooth and spread easily, but may clog pores or irritate sensitive skin for some users.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Moldavian Dragonhead Seed Oil

Dracocephalum moldavica seed oil

4.0

A gentle, non-greasy seed oil rich in linoleic acid that helps soften and soothe the skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Monascus Fermented Rapeseed Oil

MONASCUS/BRASSICA NAPUS SEED OIL FERMENT

3.8

A fermented oil that may offer antioxidant and skin-softening benefits, but research is limited and it's not a staple ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

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Emollient

Monochoria Hastata Oil

Monochoria Hastata Oil

3.5

A gentle, plant-based oil that softens and conditions skin, but research on its specific benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Montan Acid Wax

Montan Acid Wax

3.5

A natural wax from lignite that helps thicken and stabilize formulas, but it's not a star active ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Moray Eel Oil

Muraenidae Oil

3.5

Moray eel oil is a novel marine oil that may offer moisturizing benefits, but research is very limited and it may be comedogenic for some.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Moringa Oil

Moringa Pterygosperma Seed Oil

4.3

A lightweight, non-greasy oil that hydrates and helps protect the skin barrier without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Moringa Oil Esters

Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil / Hydrogenated Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil Esters

4.3

A lightweight, non-greasy oil that hydrates and softens skin without clogging pores, with some antioxidant benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Moringa Seed Oil

Moringa Drouhardii Seed Oil

4.0

A lightweight, non-greasy oil that hydrates and helps protect the skin barrier, suitable for most skin types including oily and acne-prone.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Mortierella Glycerides

Mortierella Glycerides

4.0

A gentle, biotech-derived emollient that helps soften and smooth skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

biotech

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Emollient

Multi-Acid Glycerides Complex

Myristic/Palmitic/Stearic/Ricinoleic/Eicosanedioic Glycerides

4.0

A gentle emollient blend that helps soften and smooth skin without heavy greasiness.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Multi-Oil Ester Blend

GLYCERYL TRIPALMATE/PALM KERNELATE/OLIVATE/MACADAMIATE/RAPESEEDATE

4.5

A gentle, plant-based emollient blend that helps soften skin and improve product feel without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Multi-Oil Glycerides Blend

Grape/Linseed/Olive/Sunflower Glycerides

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived emollient blend that softens and smooths skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Multiflora Rose Flower Wax

Rosa Multiflora Flower Wax

4.0

A gentle, plant-based wax that adds structure and a smooth feel to balms and sticks without common irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Mung Bean Seed Oil

Vigna Radiata Seed Oil

4.0

A gentle, non-greasy oil that hydrates and helps protect the skin barrier, suitable for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Murumuru Fruit Extract

Astrocaryum Murumuru Fruit Extract

4.0

Murumuru fruit extract is a gentle, plant-based moisturizer that helps soften and smooth skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Murumuru Seed Butter

Astrocaryum Murumuru Seed Butter

4.5

A nourishing, plant-based butter that hydrates and softens without feeling greasy, ideal for dry skin and hair.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Mustela Cera

Cera Alba (Beeswax), Cera Flava (Yellow Beeswax), Cera Microcristallina, Cera Carnauba (Copernicia Cerifera Cera), Cera Candelilla (Euphorbia Cerifera Cera)

4.0

A wax blend that helps lock in moisture and give products a rich, protective feel, but may clog pores for some skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

mixed

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Emollient

Mustelic/Palmitic Triglyceride

Mustelic/Palmitic Triglyceride

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived emollient that helps soften and smooth the skin without clogging pores, making it a good choice for dry or sensitive skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Myreth-2 Myristate

MYRETH-2 MYRISTATE

3.5

A synthetic emollient that helps products feel silky and spread easily, but may clog pores for some skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Myreth-3 Caprate

MYRETH-3 CAPRATE

3.8

A mild synthetic emollient that helps products spread smoothly without greasiness, generally safe for most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Myreth-3 Ethylhexanoate

MYRETH-3 ETHYLHEXANOATE

4.0

A lightweight synthetic emollient that helps products glide on smoothly without a greasy feel.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Myreth-3 Myristate

MYRETH-3 MYRISTATE

3.8

A synthetic emollient that makes products feel silky, but may clog pores for some skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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