Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 2,268
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Emollient

Linoleic Acid

Linoleic Acid

4.5

A skin-friendly omega-6 fatty acid that strengthens the moisture barrier and calms dryness without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Linolenic Acid

LINOLENIC ACID

4.0

Linolenic acid is a gentle omega-3 fatty acid that helps reinforce the skin barrier and soothe dryness without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Linoleyl Lactate

LINOLEYL LACTATE

4.0

A gentle, dual-action ester that moisturizes and lightly exfoliates, making it a smart choice for dry or sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Linseed Oil Ethyl Esters

Linseed Oil Ethyl Esters

4.0

A lightweight, non-greasy emollient derived from linseed oil that helps soften and smooth skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Linseed Oil PEG-8 Esters

LINSEED OIL PEG-8 ESTERS

4.0

A gentle, water-dispersible emollient that softens skin and helps blend oil and water phases in formulas — generally well-tolerated and non-comedogenic.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

London Rocket Seed Oil

Sisymbrium Irio Seed Oil

4.0

A gentle, plant-based oil that hydrates and softens skin without feeling greasy, though research on its specific benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Lotus Flower Oil

NELUMBIUM SPECIOSUM FLOWER OIL

4.0

A gentle, naturally fragrant oil that hydrates and soothes skin, but scientific evidence for its unique benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Lotus Flower Wax

Nelumbo Nucifera Flower Wax

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived wax that adds a smooth, non-greasy feel to lip and skin products, with low irritation potential.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Lotus Seed Oil

NELUMBO NUCIFERA SEED OIL

4.0

A gentle, non-greasy oil that hydrates and provides antioxidant protection, suitable for most skin types including sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Luffa Seed Oil

Luffa Cylindrica Seed Oil

4.0

Luffa seed oil is a gentle, plant-based emollient that helps soften and smooth skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Skin conditioning agent

Lysophosphatidylglycerol

Lysophosphatidylglycerol

4.2

A mild, lipid-based ingredient that supports the skin barrier and helps keep moisture in without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Macadamia Oil PEG-8 Esters

MACADAMIA TERNIFOLIA SEED OIL PEG-8 ESTERS

4.0

A gentle, water-friendly emollient that softens skin without feeling greasy, but the PEG modification may raise concerns for some sensitive users.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Macadamia Seed Extract

Macadamia Ternifolia Seed Extract

4.0

A gentle, fatty-acid-rich extract that hydrates and softens skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Macadamia Seed Oil

MACADAMIA INTEGRIFOLIA/TETRAPHYLLA SEED OIL

4.3

A non-greasy, nutrient-rich oil that hydrates and softens skin without clogging pores, ideal for dry or mature skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Macauba Palm Seed Butter

Acrocomia Aculeata Seed Butter

4.0

A nourishing plant butter that softens and hydrates skin without feeling overly greasy, but research on its specific benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Machilus Thunbergii Seed Oil

Machilus Thunbergii Seed Oil

3.8

A gentle, non-greasy oil that helps soften and soothe skin, but research on its unique benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Mallotus Japonicus Flower Oil

MALLOTUS JAPONICUS FLOWER OIL

3.8

A gentle, plant-based oil that may help soften skin and provide antioxidant support, though research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Mallotus Japonicus Seed Oil

MALLOTUS JAPONICUS SEED OIL

3.8

A gentle, antioxidant-rich oil that hydrates skin without clogging pores, though research on its benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Malva Verticillata Seed Oil

Malva Verticillata Seed Oil

4.0

A gentle, plant-based oil that helps soften and hydrate skin without clogging pores, though research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Mamushi Oil

Agkistrodon Blomhoffii Sinensis Oil

3.0

Mamushi oil is a traditional emollient with anecdotal benefits, but it lacks modern scientific backing and may pose ethical and allergy concerns.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

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Emollient

Mango Seed Butter

Mangifera Indica Seed Butter

4.2

A nourishing, non-greasy butter that softens skin and helps protect the moisture barrier without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Mango Seed Glycerides

Mangifera Indica Seed Glycerides

4.3

A gentle, plant-based emollient that hydrates and softens skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Mango Seed Oil

Mangifera Indica Seed Oil

4.3

A nourishing, non-greasy plant oil that softens skin and helps maintain moisture without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Mango Seed Oil PEG-70 Esters

MANGIFERA INDICA (MANGO) SEED OIL PEG-70 ESTERS

4.0

A gentle, water-friendly emollient that adds slip and softness without greasiness, ideal for rinse-off and leave-on products.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Mangosteen Seed Oil

Garcinia Mangostana Seed Oil

4.0

A lightweight, antioxidant-rich oil that hydrates and soothes skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Manketti Oil

Schinziophyton Rautanenii Kernel Oil

4.3

Manketti oil is a gentle, non-greasy plant oil that deeply hydrates and softens skin without clogging pores, making it a great choice for dry or sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Manketti Oil PEG-8 Esters

SCHINZIOPHYTON RAUTANENII KERNEL OIL PEG-8 ESTERS

4.0

A gentle, water-soluble emollient derived from manketti oil that helps soften and condition skin without a greasy feel.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Manketti Oil Polyglyceryl-6 Esters

SCHINZIOPHYTON RAUTANENII KERNEL OIL POLYGLYCERYL-6 ESTERS

4.3

A mild, plant-based emulsifier that helps blend oil and water while leaving skin soft and smooth.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Maqui Berry Seed Oil

ARISTOTELIA CHILENSIS SEED OIL

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-packed oil that hydrates and protects without clogging pores, though research on its cosmetic benefits is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Mare Milk

MARE MILK

3.8

Mare milk is a gentle, nutrient-rich ingredient that hydrates and soothes skin, but research on its cosmetic benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Mare Milk Lipids

Mare Milk Lipids

3.8

A gentle, lipid-rich emollient that helps soften and condition the skin, but research on its unique benefits over other milk lipids is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Maripa Seed Butter

Attalea Maripa Seed Butter

4.0

A nourishing, plant-based butter that softens and smooths skin without feeling overly greasy.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Marmot Oil

Marmota Oil

2.5

Marmot oil is a traditional animal fat used for its moisturizing properties, but it lacks modern safety and efficacy data and may not be suitable for all skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Marula Oil PEG-8 Esters

Sclerocarya Birrea Seed Oil PEG-8 Esters

4.0

A gentle, water-soluble emollient derived from marula oil that hydrates and softens skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Marula Oil Polyglyceryl-6 Esters

Sclerocarya Birrea Seed Oil Polyglyceryl-6 Esters

4.3

A gentle, eco-friendly emollient that hydrates and helps blend oil and water in formulas without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Mastic Leaf Wax

Pistacia Lentiscus Leaf Wax

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived wax that adds structure and a smooth feel to balms and creams without common irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Matthiola Longipetala Seed Oil

MATTHIOLA LONGIPETALA SEED OIL

4.0

A gentle, plant-based oil that helps soften and smooth skin without clogging pores, though research on its specific benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Mauloutchia Seed Butter

Mauloutchia Humblotii Seed Butter

4.0

A nourishing, plant-based butter from Madagascar that softens and conditions skin, but may be too rich for oily or acne-prone skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Meadowfoam Estolide

Meadowfoam Estolide

4.5

A silky, non-greasy emollient from meadowfoam seeds that hydrates and softens skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Meadowfoam Seed Oil

Limnanthes Alba Seed Oil

4.5

A non-greasy, stable plant oil that hydrates and softens skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Melissa Seed Oil

MELISSA OFFICINALIS SEED OIL

3.8

A gentle, plant-based oil that softens skin and may offer mild antioxidant benefits, though research is still limited compared to more common seed oils.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Mellisic Acid

MELLISIC ACID

3.5

Mellisic acid is a gentle wax-derived fatty acid that helps smooth and condition skin, but it's rarely used as a standalone active.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Melozol Acetate

Melozol Acetate

3.5

Melozol Acetate is a synthetic emollient that helps soften and smooth skin with a low risk of irritation or clogged pores, though research on its long-term effects is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Melozol Formate

Melozol Formate

3.5

Melozol Formate is a gentle synthetic emollient that helps products feel silky and spread easily, but research on its long-term effects is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Menthyl Safflowerseedate

MENTHYL SAFFLOWERSEEDATE

4.0

A gentle, cooling emollient that hydrates and soothes without greasiness, ideal for sensitive or overheated skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Methoxyethoxydimethyloctene

8-METHOXYETHOXY-2,6-DIMETHYLOCT-2-ENE

3.5

A synthetic emollient that helps products spread smoothly and leaves skin feeling soft, with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Methoxytridecene

Methoxytridecene

3.5

Methoxytridecene is a lightweight synthetic emollient that helps products glide on smoothly without a greasy feel, but it lacks strong research on long-term skin benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Methyl Acetyl Ricinoleate

METHYL ACETYL RICINOLEATE

4.0

A gentle, castor oil-derived emollient that softens skin and improves product feel without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Methyl Arachidic Acid

METHYL ARACHIDATE

3.8

A gentle emollient that helps soften and smooth skin with a low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Methyl Behenate

Methyl Behenate

4.0

A gentle emollient that softens skin and improves product texture without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Methyl Canolate

METHYL CANOLATE

3.8

Methyl Canolate is a gentle, plant-based emollient that helps soften and smooth skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Methyl Caprylate

Methyl Caprylate

4.0

Methyl Caprylate is a gentle, non-greasy emollient that helps products glide on smoothly without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Methyl Caprylate/Caprate

Methyl Caprylate/Caprate

4.3

A lightweight, non-greasy emollient derived from coconut or palm oil that improves product texture and skin feel.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Methyl Cocoate

Methyl Cocoate

4.0

A mild, plant-derived emollient that helps moisturize and soften skin without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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