Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 2,268
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Emollient

Decyltetradecanoic Acid

DECYLTETRADECANOIC ACID

3.8

A gentle synthetic fatty acid that softens skin and improves product feel without common irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Decyltetradecanol

DECYLTETRADECANOL

4.0

A gentle, non-greasy emollient that softens skin and improves product texture without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Dendropanax Leaf Oil

DENDROPANAX MORBIFERUS LEAF OIL

3.8

A gentle, antioxidant-rich plant oil that may help soothe and moisturize skin, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Deodar Cedar Seed Oil

Cedrus Deodara Seed Oil

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich oil from Himalayan cedar seeds that helps soften skin and may calm irritation, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Desert Lime Seed Oil

Citrus Glauca Seed Oil

4.0

A lightweight, antioxidant-rich oil from Australian desert lime seeds that hydrates and softens skin without feeling greasy.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

DHA/DPA/Oleic/Palmitic Triglyceride

DOCOSAHEXENOIC/DOCOSAPENTENOIC/OLEIC/PALMITIC TRIGLYCERIDE

4.0

A nourishing blend of omega fatty acids that helps soften skin and strengthen the moisture barrier without feeling greasy.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Di-C12-13 Alkyl Malate

DI-C12-13 ALKYL MALATE

4.0

A lightweight, non-greasy emollient that helps products spread smoothly and leaves skin feeling soft without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Di-C12-13 Alkyl Tartrate

DI-C12-13 ALKYL TARTRATE

4.0

A lightweight, non-greasy emollient that helps soften skin and improve product texture without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Di-C12-15 Alkyl Adipate

DI-C12-15 ALKYL ADIPATE

4.0

A lightweight synthetic emollient that softens skin without clogging pores, ideal for oily or combination skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Di-C12-15 Alkyl Fumarate

DI-C12-15 ALKYL FUMARATE

4.0

A lightweight, non-greasy emollient that helps soften skin and improve product texture with a low risk of irritation.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Di-C12-15 Alkyl Maleate

DI-C12-15 ALKYL MALEATE

4.0

A lightweight, non-greasy emollient that helps products spread smoothly and leaves skin feeling soft without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Di-C14-15 Alkyl Tartrate

DI-C14-15 ALKYL TARTRATE

4.0

A gentle, non-greasy emollient that helps soften skin and improve product texture without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Di-C16-18 Alkyl Dimer Dilinoleate

DI-C16-18 ALKYL DIMER DILINOLEATE

4.0

A gentle, plant-based emollient that makes skin feel smooth and soft without clogging pores—great for sensitive or oily skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Di-PPG-2 Myreth-10 Adipate

DI-PPG-2 MYRETH-10 ADIPATE

3.8

A synthetic emollient that helps skincare products feel silky and spread easily, with a low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Di-PPG-3 Ceteth-4 Adipate

DI-PPG-3 CETETH-4 ADIPATE

4.0

A gentle synthetic emollient that helps skincare products feel silky and spread easily without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Dibehenyl Fumarate

Dibehenyl Fumarate

4.0

A gentle, non-greasy emollient that helps products feel smooth and stay put without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Dibutyl Adipate

DIBUTYL ADIPATE

4.0

Dibutyl Adipate is a lightweight synthetic emollient that helps products glide on smoothly without clogging pores or feeling heavy.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Dibutyl Sebacate

Dibutyl Sebacate

3.5

Dibutyl Sebacate is a lightweight synthetic emollient that helps products spread smoothly and keeps nail polish flexible, but it has limited direct skin benefit.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Dibutyloctyl Malate

Dibutyloctyl Malate

4.0

A silky, non-greasy emollient that helps products glide on smoothly without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Dibutyloctyl Sebacate

Dibutyloctyl Sebacate

4.0

A silky, non-greasy emollient that helps products spread smoothly and leaves skin feeling soft without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Dicapryl Adipate

Dicapryl Adipate

4.0

A silky, non-greasy emollient that helps skin feel soft and smooth, ideal for lightweight formulas.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Dicapryl Succinate

Dicapryl Succinate

4.0

A silky, non-greasy emollient that hydrates and softens skin while improving product texture.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

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Emollient

Dicaprylyl Carbonate

Dicaprylyl Carbonate

4.5

A silky, lightweight emollient that hydrates without clogging pores, ideal for oily and sensitive skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Dicaprylyl Ether

Dicaprylyl Ether

4.3

A gentle, fast-absorbing emollient that softens skin without clogging pores or leaving a heavy residue.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Dicaprylyl Maleate

Dicaprylyl Maleate

4.5

A non-greasy emollient that improves product texture and feel, generally well-tolerated by most skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Dicaprylyl/Capryl Sebacate

Dicaprylyl/Capryl Sebacate

4.5

A silky, plant-derived emollient that hydrates without clogging pores, ideal for sensitive and oily skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Dicetearyl Succinate

Dicetearyl Succinate

4.0

Dicetearyl Succinate is a gentle, non-greasy emollient that helps skin feel soft and smooth without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Dicetyl Adipate

Dicetyl Adipate

4.0

A lightweight, non-greasy emollient that helps skin feel soft and smooth without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Dicetyl Ether

Dicetyl Ether

4.0

A gentle, synthetic emollient that helps soften skin and improve product texture without common irritation or clogging concerns.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Dicetyl Thiodipropionate

Dicetyl Thiodipropionate

4.0

Dicetyl Thiodipropionate is a gentle emollient that also helps protect oils in formulas from going rancid, making it a useful stabilizer in many moisturizing products.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Dicrateria Rotunda Oil

Dicrateria Rotunda Oil

3.8

A gentle, algae-derived oil that helps moisturize and protect the skin, but research on its specific benefits is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

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Emollient

Didecyl Ether

Didecyl Ether

4.0

A lightweight, non-greasy emollient that improves product texture and spreadability without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Dierucic Acid

DIERUCIC ACID

3.5

Dierucic acid is a synthetic fatty acid that helps soften and smooth the skin, but research on its long-term effects is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Diethoxyethyl Succinate

DIETHOXYETHYL SUCCINATE

4.0

A lightweight, non-greasy emollient that helps other ingredients absorb better and leaves skin feeling smooth.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Diethoxynonadiene

Diethoxynonadiene

3.5

A lightweight synthetic emollient that helps products glide on smoothly without greasiness, but it lacks extensive independent safety data.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Diethyl Adipate

DIETHYL ADIPATE

4.0

A lightweight, non-greasy emollient that helps products spread smoothly and leaves skin feeling soft without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Skin Conditioning

Diethyl Malate

Diethyl Malate

3.8

Diethyl Malate is a gentle skin-conditioning ester that helps products feel smooth and light, with low irritation potential.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Diethyl Sebacate

DIETHYL SEBACATE

4.0

A lightweight, non-greasy emollient that helps other ingredients spread smoothly and evaporates quickly, making it ideal for lightweight formulas.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Diethylene Glycol Diisononanoate

DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIISONONANOATE

4.0

A lightweight synthetic emollient that gives a silky, non-greasy feel to products, with a low risk of irritation or clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Diethylhexyl Adipate

Diethylhexyl Adipate

3.8

A lightweight synthetic emollient that helps products glide on smoothly, but may clog pores for some skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Diethylhexyl Carbonate

DIETHYLHEXYL CARBONATE

4.0

A lightweight, non-greasy emollient that spreads easily and leaves a silky finish, ideal for oil-free formulations.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Diethylhexyl Cyclohexane

Diethylhexyl Cyclohexane

4.0

A lightweight, non-greasy emollient that helps products spread smoothly and leaves skin feeling soft without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Diethylhexyl Fumarate

Diethylhexyl Fumarate

4.0

A lightweight, non-greasy emollient that helps products glide on smoothly without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Diethylhexyl Malate

Diethylhexyl Malate

4.2

A silky, non-greasy emollient that improves spreadability and leaves skin feeling smooth without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Diethylhexyl Maleate

Diethylhexyl Maleate

4.0

A lightweight, silky emollient that helps products spread smoothly without feeling heavy or greasy.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Diethylhexyl Sebacate

Diethylhexyl Sebacate

4.0

A well-tolerated, lightweight emollient that improves product feel and skin softness with a low risk of irritation or clogged pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Diethylhexyl Succinate

DIETHYLHEXYL SUCCINATE

4.0

A gentle, lightweight emollient that improves product texture and leaves skin feeling soft without clogging pores.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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Emollient

Diethylhexyl Terephthalate

Diethylhexyl Terephthalate

3.8

A lightweight synthetic emollient that helps products glide on smoothly without greasiness, but it's not a hydrating or active ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

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