Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 278
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Surfactant

PPG-2 Hydroxyethyl Cocamide

PPG-2 HYDROXYETHYL COCAMIDE

4.0

A gentle, coconut-derived surfactant that helps create a rich lather and improve the feel of cleansers without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

PPG-2 Laureth-12

PPG-2-Laureth-12

3.5

PPG-2 Laureth-12 is a synthetic emulsifier that helps cleansers foam and rinse clean, but it can be drying or irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansingemulsifier
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Surfactant

PPG-3 C12-14 Sec-Pareth-7

PPG-3 C12-14 Sec-Pareth-7

3.5

A synthetic cleansing agent that effectively removes dirt and oil but may be drying or irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Ricinolamidopropyl Betaine

RICINOLEAMIDOPROPYL BETAINE

4.0

A gentle, castor oil-derived surfactant that cleanses effectively with low irritation potential, ideal for sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Saffloweroyl Cysteine

SAFFLOWEROYL CYSTEINE

4.0

A mild, amino-acid-based cleanser that gently removes dirt without stripping the skin barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Emollient

Sesame Seed Oil PEG-8 Esters

SESAME SEED OIL PEG-8 ESTERS

3.8

A gentle, water-friendly emollient that helps cleanse without stripping the skin, but its PEG modification raises mild environmental and purity considerations.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sesamide DIPA

Sesamide DIPA

3.5

A mild surfactant that helps create rich lather, but may cause irritation for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Soapberry Ferment Filtrate

Sapindus Emarginatus Fruit/Sucrose Ferment Filtrate

4.0

A gentle, naturally derived ferment that cleanses without stripping and may help calm the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarecleansing
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Cleansing Agent

Soapberry Peel Extract

Sapindus Mukorossi Peel Extract

4.0

A gentle, plant-derived cleanser that offers a natural alternative to harsh synthetic surfactants, suitable for sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Soapwort Extract

Saponaria Officinalis Leaf/Root Extract

4.0

A mild, plant-based cleanser that foams gently and is less stripping than many synthetic surfactants, making it a good option for sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Soapwort Leaf Extract

Saponaria Officinalis Leaf Extract

4.0

A mild, plant-based cleanser that creates gentle foam without stripping the skin, but may not be as effective as synthetic surfactants for heavy makeup or oil removal.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Behenate

Sodium Behenate

4.0

A gentle cleansing agent that helps bar soaps hold their shape and creates a creamy lather without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium C12-13 Pareth-12 Carboxylate

SODIUM C12-13 PARETH-12 CARBOXYLATE

4.0

A gentle, semi-synthetic surfactant that cleanses effectively while being less likely to irritate sensitive skin than traditional sulfates.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium C13-15 Pareth-3 Sulfate

Sodium C13-15 Pareth-3 Sulfate

3.8

A milder alternative to sodium lauryl sulfate that still provides good foam and cleansing, but may still be drying for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Caprylyl PG-Sulfonate

SODIUM CAPRYLYL PG-SULFONATE

4.0

A gentle, coconut-derived surfactant that cleanses effectively without over-drying, making it a good choice for sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Caprylyl Sulfate

SODIUM CAPRYLYL SULFATE

4.0

A gentle, coconut-derived surfactant that cleans effectively without stripping the skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Ceteth-13 Carboxylate

SODIUM CETETH-13 CARBOXYLATE

4.0

A gentle, soap-free cleansing ingredient that helps remove dirt and oil without stripping the skin's natural moisture barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Citronellate

SODIUM CITRONELLATE

3.8

A mild, natural-origin surfactant and scent ingredient that helps cleanse and lightly fragrance products, but may cause sensitivity in those allergic to citronella or related botanicals.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarecleansingfragrance
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Surfactant

Sodium Coceth-30 Sulfate

SODIUM COCETH-30 SULFATE

3.8

A gentle, coconut-derived surfactant that cleanses effectively with less irritation than traditional sulfates.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Deceth Sulfate

Sodium Deceth Sulfate

3.5

A gentle cleansing agent that effectively removes impurities without stripping the skin's natural moisture barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Dilaureth-7 Citrate

SODIUM DILAURETH-7 CITRATE

4.0

A gentle, citrate-based surfactant that cleanses without stripping the skin’s natural moisture barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Dilinoleate

Sodium Dilinoleate

4.0

A mild, soap-free cleanser that effectively removes dirt and makeup without stripping the skin's natural moisture barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansingemulsifier
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Surfactant

Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate

SODIUM DODECYLBENZENESULFONATE

3.0

A strong synthetic cleanser that effectively removes dirt and oil but can be drying or irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Esylate

SODIUM ESYLATE

4.0

A gentle surfactant that cleans without stripping the skin, ideal for sensitive or dry skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Hexeth-4 Carboxylate

SODIUM HEXETH-4 CARBOXYLATE

3.8

A gentle synthetic surfactant that cleanses effectively while being less harsh than traditional sulfates.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Isethionate

Sodium Isethionate

4.2

Sodium Isethionate is a gentle, sulfate-free surfactant that cleanses without stripping the skin's natural moisture barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Lauramido Diacetate

SODIUM LAURAMIDO DIACETATE

4.0

A gentle surfactant that cleanses effectively without over-drying, making it a good choice for sensitive or dry skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Laureth-12 Carboxylate

SODIUM LAURETH-12 CARBOXYLATE

4.0

A gentle, effective surfactant that cleanses without stripping the skin barrier, ideal for sensitive or dry skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Laureth-12 Sulfate

Sodium Laureth-12 Sulfate

3.5

A strong but slightly gentler cousin of SLS that effectively cleanses and foams, though it can still be drying for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Laureth-4 Carboxylate

SODIUM LAURETH-4 CARBOXYLATE

4.0

A gentle, semi-synthetic surfactant that effectively cleanses without the harshness of traditional sulfates, making it a good choice for sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Laureth-5 Carboxylate

Sodium Laureth-5 Carboxylate

4.0

A gentle, low-irritation surfactant that effectively cleanses without stripping the skin's natural moisture barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Laureth-7 Sulfate

Sodium Laureth-7 Sulfate

4.0

A gentle, effective cleansing agent that creates a rich lather without stripping the skin as harshly as some other sulfates.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Lauroamphopropionate

Sodium Lauroamphopropionate

4.3

A gentle, low-irritation surfactant that effectively cleanses while being kinder to sensitive skin than traditional sulfates.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Lauroyl Hydrolyzed Collagen

Sodium Lauroyl Hydrolyzed Collagen

4.0

A mild, collagen-derived surfactant that cleanses gently and may leave skin feeling soft, but offers no lasting anti-aging benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Methoxy PPG-2 Acetate

SODIUM METHOXY PPG-2 ACETATE

3.5

A mild synthetic cleanser that helps remove dirt and oil without stripping the skin, but may cause irritation for very sensitive skin types.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Methyl Laurate Sulfonate

Sodium Methyl Laurate Sulfonate

4.0

A gentle, biodegradable surfactant that cleans effectively without stripping the skin, making it a popular alternative to harsher sulfates.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Myristyl Sulfate

Sodium Myristyl Sulfate

3.5

An effective but potentially drying cleanser that may irritate sensitive skin, especially in high concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Octoxynol-9 Sulfate

SODIUM OCTOXYNOL-9 SULFATE

3.5

A synthetic surfactant that cleans effectively but may be drying or irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium Palmitoyl Proline

Sodium Palmitoyl Proline

4.0

A mild, amino-acid-based cleansing agent that effectively removes dirt and oil without stripping the skin's natural moisture barrier.

Irritation

low

Source

semi-synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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Surfactant

Sodium PEG-3 Lauramide Carboxylate

SODIUM PEG-3 LAURAMIDE CARBOXYLATE

4.0

A gentle, synthetic surfactant that effectively cleanses without stripping the skin, making it a good choice for sensitive skin.

Irritation

low

Source

synthetic

beautyskincarecleansing
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