Beauty ingredient research

Beauty ingredients explained in plain English

Browse the review database to understand what an ingredient is, what it does in a beauty formula, when it is useful, and when it deserves caution across skincare, haircare, bodycare, makeup, and more.

20769

Reviewed ingredients

524

Low-concern standouts

2884

Need usage caution

Showing 60 of 676
AllUV absorberUV filterabrasiveabsorbentacne treatmentactiveactive ingredientadhesivealkalizing agentamino acidanti-aginganti-androgenanti-cavityanti-cavity agentanti-inflammatoryanti-irritantanticariesanticavity agentantidandruffantifungalantimicrobialantioxidantantiperspirantantiplaqueastringentbarrier repairbarrier supportbarrier-repairbarrier-supportbinderbinding agentbiotechbiotechnologybond-builderbotanicalbotanical extractbotanical oilbotanical waterbrighteningbrightening agentbufferbuffering agentcell-communicating ingredientceramidechelating agentchemicalchemical intermediateclaycleansercleansingcleansing agentcolorantconditionerconditioningconditioning agentcooling agentcosmeticcosmetic additivecosmetic colorantcosmetic ingredientcosmetic pigmentcosmetic powdercosmetic-texturizercosmetic-waxcosmeticscrosslinking agentdelivery agentdelivery systemdenaturantdeodorantdeodorant agentdepigmenting agentdepilatorydepilatory agentdesensitizing agentdyedye intermediatedye precursordye-intermediateemollientemulsifierenzymeessential oilexfoliantexperimentaleyelashfermentfilm formerfilm-formerfilm-formingfilm-forming agentfirming agentfixativeflavoring agentformulationfragrancefragrance ingredientfunctional ingredientgashair carehair colorhair coloranthair conditionerhair dyehair removalhair-carehair-colorhaircarehumectantindustrialinsecticideintermediatelashlash carelash enhancerlash-and-browlip carelipidmakeupmarine extractmasking agentmicrobiomemicrobiome modulatormineralmoisturizernail carenail-careocclusiveoilopacifieropacifying agentoptical agentoral careotheroxidative dyeoxidative dye precursoroxidizing agentpH adjusterpain reliefpenetration enhancerpeptidepersonal careph adjusterpharmaceuticalpheromonepigmentplant oilplasticizerpolymerpolymer precursorprebioticprescription-drugpreservativepreservative boosterprobioticprocessing agentprocessing aidpropellantproteinpurifyingreducing agentretinoidscalp caresebum regulatorsebum-regulatorself-tannerself-tanningsensory additivesensory agentsensory modifiersiliconeskin barrierskin barrier supportskin conditionerskin conditioningskin conditioning agentskin lighteningskin protectantskin-conditioningskin-conditioning agentskin-identicalskin-identical ingredientskin-lighteningskin-lightening agentskincaresolventsoothingsoothing agentstabilizerstimulantsunscreensurfactantsyntheticsynthetic colorantsynthetic dyesynthetic resinsynthetic-coloranttexture enhancertexturizerthickenertoneruv-absorberuv-filtervasoactivevasodilatorviscosity controlviscosity controllingviscosity controlling agentvitaminwax

Antimicrobial

Cassia Leaf Extract

Cinnamomum Cassia Leaf Extract

3.5

Cassia leaf extract can help fight acne-causing bacteria, but it may irritate sensitive skin due to its natural fragrance compounds.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Cassia Seed Extract

Cassia Angustifolia Seed Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract that may help calm irritation and provide antioxidant protection, though research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Soothing agent

Cassia Senna Leaf Extract

Cassia Senna Leaf Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract that may help calm skin and fight free radicals, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Fragrance

Cassia Wood Extract

Cinnamomum Cassia Wood Extract

3.5

Cassia wood extract adds a warm cinnamon scent and some antioxidant benefits, but can be irritating for sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Cassumunar Ginger Root Extract

Zingiber Cassumunar Root Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract from Thai ginger that may help calm skin and fight free radicals, though human studies are limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Soothing Agent

Cat's Ear Flower Extract

Hypochoeris Radicata Flower Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant potential, but research is limited and it's not a standout ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Catalpa Bark & Leaf Extract

Catalpa Ovata Bark/Leaf Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant potential, but research on its cosmetic benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Celastrus Paniculatus Extract

Celastrus Paniculatus Leaf/Flower/Seed Extract

3.5

A traditional Ayurvedic plant extract with antioxidant potential, but limited modern skincare research to confirm specific benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Centipeda Cunninghamii Extract

CENTIPEDA CUNNINGHAMII LEAF/STEM EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant and soothing potential, but research is still early and product benefits may vary.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Soothing agent

Cestro Leaf Extract

Cestrum Latifolium Leaf Extract

3.0

A gentle botanical extract with traditional use but very limited modern cosmetic research; may offer soothing and antioxidant benefits but is not a proven powerhouse.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Chamaechrista Nomame Extract

CHAMAECRISTA NOMAME EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant potential, but research is still early—think of it as a nice bonus in a well-formulated product, not a hero ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Soothing agent

Chamomile & Jasmine Flower Extract

CHAMOMILLA RECUTITA FLOWER/JASMINUM OFFICINALE FLOWER EXTRACT

4.0

A gentle, fragrant flower extract blend that may help calm irritated skin and provide antioxidant benefits.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Emollient

Chaulmoogra Seed Extract

HYDNOCARPUS ANTHELMINTHICUS SEED EXTRACT

3.5

A traditional seed extract rich in fatty acids, but modern evidence is limited and it may be comedogenic for some skin types.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Skin conditioning agent

Chenopodium Ambrosioides Extract

CHENOPODIUM AMBROSIOIDES LEAF/STEM EXTRACT

3.5

A traditional herb extract with potential antimicrobial benefits, but limited modern research and a risk of skin irritation for sensitive types.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Fragrance component

Chenopodium Ambrosioides Leaf Extract

CHENOPODIUM AMBROSIOIDES LEAF EXTRACT

3.5

A traditional herbal extract with limited modern skincare research; may offer antimicrobial benefits but carries a moderate risk of skin irritation.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Soothing Agent

Chestnut Flower Extract

Castanea Sativa Flower Extract

4.0

A mild, plant-based ingredient that may help calm irritation and protect skin from environmental stress, though research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Chinese Ash Bark Extract

FRAXINUS CHINENSIS BARK EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle plant extract with antioxidant potential, but research on its cosmetic benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Chinese Astilbe Root Extract

Astilbe Chinensis Root Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant and soothing potential, but research is still early and benefits are not yet well-established in human skin.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Soothing agent

Chinese Lovage Root Extract

Ligusticum Sinense Root Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant and soothing potential, but research in cosmetics is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Soothing Agent

Chinese Yam Extract

DIOSCOREA POLYSTACHYA EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant and soothing potential, but human skin research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Chonemorpha Root Extract

CHONEMORPHA MACROPHYLLA ROOT EXTRACT

3.5

A gentle botanical root extract with antioxidant potential, but research on its skincare benefits is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Soothing agent

Chrysanthemum & Fleabane Extract

CHRYSANTHEMUM INDICUM/ ERIGERON ANNUUS EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle botanical blend that may help calm skin and provide antioxidant support, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Soothing agent

Chrysanthemum Coccineum Flower Extract

CHRYSANTHEMUM COCCINEUM FLOWER EXTRACT

3.5

A gentle botanical extract with potential soothing and antioxidant benefits, but research is limited and it may cause sensitivity in those allergic to daisy-family plants.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Cimicifuga Dahurica Root Extract

CIMICIFUGA DAHURICA ROOT EXTRACT

3.8

A traditional botanical extract with antioxidant and soothing potential, but human skincare research is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Astringent

Cinchona Bark Extract

Cinchona Succirubra Bark Extract

3.5

Cinchona bark extract is a traditional botanical with mild astringent properties, but its use in modern skincare is limited and may cause irritation in sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Astringent

Cinchona Calisaya Extract

Cinchona Calisaya Extract

3.5

A traditional botanical extract with astringent properties, but limited modern research and potential for skin irritation in sensitive individuals.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Cirsium Rhinoceros Extract

Cirsium Rhinoceros Extract

4.0

A gentle, antioxidant-rich botanical extract that may help calm irritated skin and protect against environmental stress.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Cissampelos Pareira Bark Extract

CISSAMPELOS PAREIRA BARK EXTRACT

3.5

A gentle botanical extract with traditional use for soothing skin, but modern cosmetic evidence is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Cistus Leaf/Stem Water

CISTUS LADANIFERUS LEAF/STEM WATER

4.0

A gentle, aromatic botanical water that offers mild antioxidant and soothing benefits, best for those who enjoy natural, fragrant skincare.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Astringent

Cistus Resin

Cistus Species Resin

3.8

Cistus Resin is a gentle botanical astringent that may help tighten pores and calm skin, but research is limited and it's best used in low concentrations.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Fragrance component

Citronella Extract

CYMBOPOGON NARDUS HERB EXTRACT/ ACETONE

3.5

A botanical extract with a fresh scent and mild astringent effects, but may cause irritation in sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Skin conditioner

Citrus Fruit Water Blend

CITRUS UNSHIU/CITRUS RETICULATA/CITRUS IYO FRUIT WATER

3.8

A refreshing, lightly astringent citrus water that adds a natural scent and antioxidant potential, but may irritate sensitive skin.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Fragrance

Citrus Hystrix Leaf Water

CITRUS HYSTRIX LEAF WATER

3.8

A gentle, aromatic botanical water that can add a fresh scent and mild clarifying feel to skincare, but its benefits beyond fragrance are not well-studied.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Soothing agent

Clary Sage Extract

SALVIA SCLAREA FLOWER/LEAF/STEM EXTRACT

4.0

A gentle botanical extract that may help calm skin and fight free radicals, but research is limited compared to more studied antioxidants.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Soothing Agent

Clematis Root Extract

Clematis Chinensis Root Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with traditional use for soothing skin, though modern research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Cleome Gynandra Leaf Extract

CLEOME GYNANDRA LEAF EXTRACT

3.5

Cleome Gynandra Leaf Extract is a gentle botanical with antioxidant potential, but research on its cosmetic benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Clove Leaf Extract

EUGENIA CARYOPHYLLUS LEAF EXTRACT

3.8

Clove leaf extract offers antioxidant and soothing benefits but can be irritating for sensitive skin at higher concentrations.

Irritation

moderate

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Cnidium Root Extract

CNIDIUM OFFICINALE ROOT EXTRACT

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant potential, but research in cosmetics is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Coleus Forskohlii Flower Extract

Coleus Forskohlii Flower Extract

3.5

A gentle plant extract with promising antioxidant and soothing potential, but human skincare studies are still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Antioxidant

Coleus Root Extract

Coleus Vettiveroides Root Extract

3.5

A gentle botanical extract with traditional roots, but modern skincare evidence is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Soothing agent

Coltsfoot Extract

TUSSILAGO FARFARA FLOWER/LEAF EXTRACT

3.5

Coltsfoot extract is a gentle botanical with potential soothing and antioxidant benefits, but research is limited and it's not a standout ingredient.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Soothing agent

Coltsfoot Flower Extract

TUSSILAGO FARFARA FLOWER EXTRACT

3.5

A gentle botanical extract with soothing and antioxidant potential, but research on its cosmetic benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Soothing agent

Coltsfoot Leaf Extract

Tussilago Farfara Leaf Extract

3.5

Coltsfoot leaf extract is a gentle botanical with antioxidant and soothing potential, but human skin research is limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Soothing Agent

Commelina Extract

Hydrolyzed Commelina Communis Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract

3.8

A gentle, plant-based ingredient that may help calm irritated skin and provide antioxidant protection, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
Read ingredient review

Soothing Agent

Condurango Bark Extract

Marsdenia Cundurango Bark Extract

3.5

A gentle botanical extract with traditional use for soothing skin, but modern research is limited and benefits are not well-established.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Cooper's Orchid Extract

CYCNOCHES COOPERI FLOWER/LEAF EXTRACT

3.5

A gentle orchid extract with antioxidant potential, but research on its specific benefits for skin is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Cordia Leaf Extract

Cordia Obliqua Leaf Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant potential, but research on its specific skincare benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Soothing agent

Corydalis Ambigua Extract

Corydalis Ambigua Bark/Root Extract

3.8

A gentle botanical extract with antioxidant and soothing potential, but research in cosmetics is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Corydalis Root Extract

Corydalis Turtschaninovii Root Extract

3.8

A gentle, antioxidant-rich root extract that may help calm skin and fight environmental stress, but research is still early.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Soothing Agent

Costus Root Extract

Costus Speciosus Rhizome/Root Extract

3.8

Costus Root Extract is a gentle botanical with antioxidant and soothing potential, but research on its cosmetic benefits is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Cowslip Extract

PRIMULA VERIS EXTRACT

3.8

Cowslip extract is a gentle botanical with antioxidant and soothing potential, but research on its cosmetic benefits is still limited.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Cowslip Flower Extract

Primula Veris Flower Extract

3.8

A gentle, antioxidant-rich flower extract that may help calm and protect the skin, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Soothing Agent

Cramp Bark Extract

VIBURNUM OPULUS BARK EXTRACT

3.5

A gentle botanical extract with soothing potential, but lacks robust skincare research.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Antioxidant

Creeping Jasmine Extract

TRACHELOSPERMUM ASIATICUM FLOWER/LEAF/STEM EXTRACT

4.0

A gentle botanical extract that may help calm irritation and protect skin from environmental stress, though research is still emerging.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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Soothing agent

Crinum Asiaticum Root Extract

Crinum Asiaticum Root Extract

3.5

A gentle botanical extract with potential soothing and antioxidant benefits, but research is still emerging and it is less common in mainstream skincare.

Irritation

low

Source

natural

beautyskincarebotanical extract
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