Ingredient review
Iron Oxides (Black)
INCI: CI 77499
A safe, non-irritating mineral pigment that provides black color in makeup and skincare.
In plain English
CI 77499 is a black iron oxide pigment. It's a mineral that's ground into a fine powder and used to give color to makeup and skincare products. Think of it as the ingredient that makes black eyeliner black or darkens a foundation shade. It's very stable, doesn't fade easily, and is generally considered safe and non-irritating for most people.
Review score
Safety, usefulness, and evidence
Strong fit for many routines
The evidence base is relatively strong for its common cosmetic role.
Risk flags are low for most users, though the finished product can still irritate.
- Source
- natural
- Evidence
- strong
- Irritation
- low
- Clogging risk
- low
Quick decision guide
Easy yes for most routines
Iron Oxides (Black) is generally a lower-concern ingredient when the full formula suits your skin.
Plain-English read
Treat this as a practical screening step before you compare products that contain this ingredient.
- Step 1Start with the score, then check the irritation and clogging risk before judging Iron Oxides (Black).
- Step 2Use the "Best for" and "Use caution if" sections to match the ingredient to your skin, not just to a marketing claim.
- Step 3If a product stings, breaks you out, or worsens irritation, judge the finished formula and stop using it even if the ingredient scores well.
Score terms in plain English
Irritation risk
lowLess likely to sting, burn, or bother most users, though sensitive skin can still react.
Clogging risk
lowLess likely to feel heavy or contribute to clogged pores for most skin types.
Evidence level
strongThere is a stronger practical or research basis for the ingredient role described here.
What it is
CI 77499 is a synthetic or natural iron oxide pigment that produces a black color. It is part of a family of iron oxides (including red, yellow, and brown) commonly used in cosmetics. It is approved by the FDA for use in cosmetics and is considered a safe color additive.
How it works
As a pigment, CI 77499 works by reflecting and absorbing light to create a black color. When mixed into a product, it disperses evenly to provide consistent color coverage. It does not chemically react with the skin; instead, it sits on the surface to impart color.
Pros
Very safe for sensitive skin
Iron oxides are among the least irritating colorants and are approved by the FDA for use in cosmetics, including around the eyes.
Color stays true and doesn't fade
Unlike some organic dyes, iron oxides are light-stable and heat-stable, so your makeup color won't change or fade quickly.
Cons and cautions
Can be messy if not formulated well
If the pigment isn't properly dispersed, it can leave black streaks or stains on clothes or skin.
Limited to opaque shades
Because it's a pigment, it creates opaque colors and isn't suitable for sheer or translucent finishes.
Best for
- Anyone looking for a safe, non-irritating black pigment in makeup
- People with sensitive skin who want a gentle colorant
Use caution if
- Those with known allergies to iron oxides (very rare)
Usage tips
Safety summary
CI 77499 is one of the safest colorants in cosmetics. It is non-toxic, non-irritating, and non-sensitizing for the vast majority of people. It is approved by the FDA and other global regulators for use in all types of cosmetics, including those applied near the eyes.
Research notes
Iron oxides have been extensively studied and are considered safe for cosmetic use. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) panel has concluded that iron oxides are safe as used in cosmetics. No significant health concerns have been identified.
Common label clues
- Typical concentration
- 0.1% to 10% depending on desired shade
- Regulatory status
- Approved by the FDA as a color additive for cosmetics, including use around the eyes. Also approved by the EU and other major regulators.
- Common uses
- Foundations, Concealers, Eyeliners, Mascaras, Lipsticks, Blushes, Pressed Powders
- Environmental note
- Iron oxides are naturally occurring minerals and are generally considered environmentally safe. Mining and processing can have environmental impacts, but synthetic versions are also available.
Good to know
- CI 77499 is often combined with other iron oxides (CI 77491 red, CI 77492 yellow) to create a wide range of skin tones.
- It is considered a 'clean' colorant by many natural beauty standards because it is a mineral and not a synthetic dye.
Common questions
What is Iron Oxides (Black) in beauty products?
CI 77499 is a black iron oxide pigment. It's a mineral that's ground into a fine powder and used to give color to makeup and skincare products. Think of it as the ingredient that makes black eyeliner black or darkens a foundation shade. It's very stable, doesn't fade easily, and is generally considered safe and non-irritating for most people.
What does Iron Oxides (Black) do in a beauty product?
As a pigment, CI 77499 works by reflecting and absorbing light to create a black color. When mixed into a product, it disperses evenly to provide consistent color coverage. It does not chemically react with the skin; instead, it sits on the surface to impart color.
Is Iron Oxides (Black) safe for most people?
CI 77499 is one of the safest colorants in cosmetics. It is non-toxic, non-irritating, and non-sensitizing for the vast majority of people. It is approved by the FDA and other global regulators for use in all types of cosmetics, including those applied near the eyes.
Who should be careful with Iron Oxides (Black)?
Those with known allergies to iron oxides (very rare)
Research sources
Ingredient reviews are educational and are not medical advice. Patch test new products and ask a licensed clinician about persistent irritation, allergies, pregnancy-specific questions, or diagnosed skin conditions.